POST UTME ACHIEVERS UNIVERSITY 2018 Biology | Objective

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1
In a photosynthetic pathway, which of the following pigments is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy in the blue-violet region of the visible spectrum?
A. Chlorophyll a
B. Chlorophyll b
C. Carotenoids
D. Phycobiliproteins
Question 2
The human eye is composed of several layers, including the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and retina. Which of the following best describes the function of the lens in the eye?
A. The lens is responsible for regulating the amount of light that enters the eye.
B. The lens is responsible for focu\sing light onto the retina.
C. The lens is responsible for producing tears to lubricate the eye.
D. The lens is responsible for regulating the pressure in the eye.
Question 3
A tissue engineer is designing a scaffold for tissue regeneration. Which of the following types of tissue would most likely require a scaffold with a high degree of porosity?
A. Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Muscle tissue
D. Nervous tissue
Question 4
In the process of digestion, what is the primary enzyme responsible for breaking down proteins?
A. Amylase
B. Lipase
C. Pep\sin
D. Tryp\sin
Question 5
A cell has a membrane potential of -70 mV. If the cell is stimulated with a depolarizing current, what is the new membrane potential?
A. -50 mV
B. -70 mV
C. -80 mV
D. -90 mV
Question 6
The process of cellular respiration occurs in the ______.
A. mitochondria
B. nucleus
C. cytoplasm
D. lysosome
Question 7
In asexual reproduction, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic variation is introduced into a population?
A. Mutation
B. Genetic drift
C. Gene flow
D. Genetic recombination
Question 8
A plant has a root system with 5 main roots and 12 secondary roots. If the plant is pruned to have only 3 main roots, what is the ratio of the new number of secondary roots to the new number of main roots?
A. 1.2
B. 2.4
C. 4
D. 6
Question 9
In a eukaryotic cell, the Golgi apparatus is responsible for ______.
A. protein synthesis
B. cell signaling
C. protein modification and transport
D. cell division
Question 10
The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. Which of the following is a byproduct of photosynthesis?
A. Oxygen
B. Carbon Dioxide
C. Water
D. Glu\cose
Question 11
A bacterium is placed in a medium with a pH of 5.5. If the bacterium has a pH optimum of 7.0, what can be concluded about the growth rate of the bacterium?
A. The bacterium will grow at a rate of 50% of its maximum rate.
B. The bacterium will grow at a rate of 25% of its maximum rate.
C. The bacterium will grow at a rate of 100% of its maximum rate.
D. The bacterium will not grow at all.
Question 12
The process of cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glu\cose to produce energy in the form of ATP. Which of the following best describes the overall equation for cellular respiration?
A. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP \)
B. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O \)
C. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 36ATP \)
D. \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 2ATP \)
Question 13
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the organelle labeled 'A'.
A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Cell wall
D. Chloroplast
Question 14
The process of diffusion is an example of ______.
A. active transport
B. passive transport
C. osmosis
D. facilitated diffusion
Question 15
What is the primary mechanism by which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body's tissues?
A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Active transport
D. Passive transport

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