Practice post utme achievers university government 2017 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of constitutionalism is closely related to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss the implications of this relationship on the protection of human rights in a democratic society.

Correct A. The rule of law ensures that the government is accountable to the people, which in turn protects human rights.

B. Constitutionalism provides a framework for the protection of human rights, but the rule of law is not directly related to this.

C. The rule of law is a means of enforcing constitutional provisions, but it does not directly protect human rights.

D. Human rights are protected through the rule of law, but constitutionalism is not relevant in this context.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

In a federal system of government, power is divided between the central government and the constituent units. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system.

Correct A. Advantages: promotes regional autonomy, allows for more efficient decision-making, and reduces the burden on the central government. Disadvantages: can lead to conflicts between the central government and the constituent units, and may result in unequal distribution of resources.

B. Advantages: promotes national unity, allows for more effective coordination of national policies, and reduces the risk of regional conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a concentration of power in the central government, and may result in the marginalization of regional interests.

C. Advantages: promotes regional autonomy, allows for more efficient decision-making, and reduces the burden on the central government. Disadvantages: can lead to conflicts between the central government and the constituent units, and may result in unequal distribution of resources.

D. Advantages: promotes national unity, allows for more effective coordination of national policies, and reduces the risk of regional conflicts. Disadvantages: can lead to a concentration of power in the central government, and may result in the marginalization of regional interests.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

The concept of separation of powers is a fundamental principle of constitutional government. Discuss the importance of this principle in promoting accountability and preventing the concentration of power.

Correct A. The separation of powers ensures that no single branch of government has too much power, which promotes accountability and prevents the concentration of power.

B. The separation of powers is not necessary in a constitutional government, as the constitution provides adequate checks and balances.

C. The separation of powers is only relevant in a presidential system of government, and is not applicable in a parliamentary system.

D. The separation of powers is a means of promoting national unity, but it does not directly relate to accountability and the concentration of power.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The concept of federalism is closely related to the idea of regional autonomy. Discuss the implications of this relationship on the distribution of power between the central government and the constituent units.

Correct A. Federalism promotes regional autonomy, which leads to a more equitable distribution of power between the central government and the constituent units.

B. Federalism does not promote regional autonomy, and instead leads to a concentration of power in the central government.

C. Federalism is only relevant in a presidential system of government, and is not applicable in a parliamentary system.

D. Federalism is a means of promoting national unity, but it does not directly relate to the distribution of power between the central government and the constituent units.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The concept of constitutionalism is closely related to the idea of the rule of law. Discuss the implications of this relationship on the protection of human rights in a democratic society.

Correct A. The rule of law ensures that the government is accountable to the people, which in turn protects human rights.

B. Constitutionalism provides a framework for the protection of human rights, but the rule of law is not directly related to this.

C. The rule of law is a means of enforcing constitutional provisions, but it does not directly protect human rights.

D. Human rights are protected through the rule of law, but constitutionalism is not relevant in this context.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of 'checks and balances' in a democratic system is best exemplified by the relationship between the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches of government in a country with a presidential system. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of this system?

A. Separation of powers

B. Independent judiciaries

Correct C. Legislative supremacy

D. Executive dominance

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

The African Union (AU) has a unique system of governance that is different from the United Nations (UN). Which of the following is a key feature of the AU's governance structure?

Correct A. A rotating presidency

B. A permanent secretariat

C. A decentralized decision-making process

D. A strong emphasis on regionalism

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

The concept of 'human rights' is a fundamental principle of international law. Which of the following is a key provision of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?

Correct A. The right to life, liberty, and security of person

B. The right to freedom of speech and expression

C. The right to a fair trial and an independent judiciary

D. The right to education and cultural development

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

The concept of 'separation of powers' is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Which of the following is a key characteristic of a system with a separation of powers?

A. A single executive with legislative and judicial powers

B. A bicameral legislature with executive and judicial powers

Correct C. A decentralized decision-making process with multiple branches

D. A strong emphasis on regionalism and federalism

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

The concept of 'electoral systems' is a critical aspect of democratic governance. Which of the following is a key feature of a proportional representation electoral system?

A. A winner-takes-all approach

B. A single-member constituency system

Correct C. A list-based system with proportional representation

D. A mixed-member system with a combination of proportional and single-member constituencies

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11

The concept of 'checks and balances' in a democratic system is exemplified by the division of powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Which of the following best describes the primary function of the legislative branch in this context?

Correct A. To make laws and approve the budget

B. To enforce laws and appoint judges

C. To interpret laws and try cases

D. To conduct foreign policy and negotiate treaties

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The African Union's (AU) primary goal is to promote economic, political, and social integration among its member states. Which of the following is NOT a key area of focus for the AU?

A. Promoting democracy and human rights

B. Fostering regional economic integration

C. Addressing climate change and environmental degradation

Correct D. Developing and implementing a unified African currency

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13

The United Nations (UN) has a unique structure that allows for the representation of all member states. Which of the following best describes the composition of the UN Security Council?

Correct A. 5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent members

B. 6 permanent members and 12 non-permanent members

C. 10 permanent members and 5 non-permanent members

D. 15 permanent members and 5 non-permanent members

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

The concept of 'separation of powers' is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the executive and legislative branches in this context?

A. The executive branch has the power to make laws

B. The legislative branch has the power to appoint judges

Correct C. The executive branch has the power to veto laws

D. The legislative branch has the power to conduct foreign policy

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has a unique structure that allows for regional economic integration. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of ECOWAS?

Correct A. To promote economic integration and cooperation among member states

B. To foster regional political stability and security

C. To address climate change and environmental degradation

D. To develop and implement a unified West African currency

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of Separation of Powers is a fundamental principle of democratic governance. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Separation of Powers?

Correct A. Concentration of power in the hands of the executive

B. Independent judiciaries

C. Separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches

D. Constitutional supremacy

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization that plays a crucial role in promoting peace and security globally. Which of the following is a primary function of the UN?

A. Promoting economic development

Correct B. Maintaining international peace and security

C. Providing humanitarian aid

D. Protecting human rights

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18

The concept of Checks and Balances is a mechanism that prevents any one branch of government from becoming too powerful. Which of the following is an example of a check on the legislative branch?

Correct A. The power of the executive to veto legislation

B. The power of the judiciary to declare laws unconstitutional

C. The power of the legislative branch to impeach the executive

D. The power of the executive to appoint judges

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

The concept of Pre-colonial administration refers to the system of governance that existed in Africa before the arrival of European colonizers. Which of the following was a characteristic of pre-colonial administration in West Africa?

A. The use of a centralized state

Correct B. The use of a decentralized system of governance

C. The use of a feudal system

D. The use of a tribal system

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20

The concept of Forms of Government refers to the different ways in which a country can be organized and governed. Which of the following is an example of a form of government?

Correct A. Democracy

B. Monarchy

C. Oligarchy

D. Anarchy

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of 'checks and balances' is a fundamental principle of which system of government?

A. Unitary

B. Federal

C. Confederation

Correct D. Constitutional Monarchy

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22

The 1999 Constitution of Nigeria provides for the creation of which type of local government?

Correct A. Local Council

B. Area Council

C. Town Council

D. Village Council

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of 'separation of powers' is a fundamental principle of which system of government?

A. Unitary

B. Federal

C. Confederation

Correct D. Constitutional Monarchy

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The 1999 Constitution of Nigeria provides for the creation of which type of electoral commission?

Correct A. Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)

B. Electoral Commission of Nigeria (ECN)

C. National Electoral Commission (NEC)

D. Federal Electoral Commission (FEC)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of 'representative democracy' is a fundamental principle of which system of government?

A. Unitary

B. Federal

C. Confederation

Correct D. Constitutional Monarchy

Correct Answer: D

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