POST UTME ABU 2025 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME ABU exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2025 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1
In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in a desert-dwelling organism?
Correct A. To conserve water by reabsorbing water from the filtrate
B. To excrete excess salt by producing a highly concentrated urine
C. To regulate electrolyte balance by adjusting the amount of ions in the urine
D. To maintain acid-base balance by adjusting the pH of the urine

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Identify the structure labeled 'A' in the diagram.
A. Trachea
Correct B. Lungs
C. Diaphragm
D. Bronchi

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3
A 2.5-liter solution contains 0.5 M glu\cose. What is the number of moles of glu\cose in the solution?
Correct A. 0.00125 mol
B. 0.0125 mol
C. 0.125 mol
D. 1.25 mol

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Identify the structure labeled 'C' in the diagram.
A. Brain
B. Spinal cord
Correct C. Cerebellum
D. Medulla oblongata

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
A 0.5 M solution of NaOH is mixed with a 0.5 M solution of HCl. What is the pH of the resulting solution?
A. 7
Correct B. 8
C. 9
D. 10

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
In a population of 1000 individuals, the Hardy-Weinberg principle predicts that the frequency of the dominant allele (A) is 0.8 and the frequency of the recessive allele (a) is 0.2. Calculate the frequency of the genotype AA u\sing the Hardy-Weinberg equation.
Correct A. 0.64
B. 0.56
C. 0.48
D. 0.36

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The researcher measures the growth of E. coli at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. Which of the following statements about the graph is true?
A. The graph shows a positive correlation between pH and growth rate.
Correct B. The graph shows a negative correlation between pH and growth rate.
C. The graph shows no correlation between pH and growth rate.
D. The graph shows a direct relationship between pH and growth rate.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. The patient's white blood cell count is 10,000 cells/μL. Which of the following statements about the patient's immune response is true?
Correct A. The patient's immune system is functioning normally.
B. The patient's immune system is suppressed.
C. The patient's immune system is overactive.
D. The patient's immune system is in a state of shock.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the growth of a microorganism. The researcher measures the growth of the microorganism at different temperatures and plots the data on a graph. Which of the following statements about the graph is true?
Correct A. The graph shows a positive correlation between temperature and growth rate.
B. The graph shows a negative correlation between temperature and growth rate.
C. The graph shows no correlation between temperature and growth rate.
D. The graph shows a direct relationship between temperature and growth rate.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A patient is diagnosed with a viral infection. The patient's viral load is 10^6 copies/mL. Which of the following statements about the patient's immune response is true?
A. The patient's immune system is functioning normally.
Correct B. The patient's immune system is suppressed.
C. The patient's immune system is overactive.
D. The patient's immune system is in a state of shock.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11
In the context of blood transport systems, what is the primary function of the erythrocytes?
A. To regulate blood pH
Correct B. To transport oxygen to tissues
C. To remove waste products from the blood
D. To maintain blood pressure

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12
A patient is diagnosed with a respiratory disease characterized by inflammation of the air sacs in the lungs. Which of the following is a common symptom of this disease?
A. Coughing up blood
Correct B. Shortness of breath
C. Fatigue
D. Loss of appetite

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
A microorganism is classified as a fungus. Which of the following characteristics is typical of this microorganism?
A. It is a prokaryote
Correct B. It is a eukaryote
C. It is a photosynthetic organism
D. It is a heterotrophic organism

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
Asexual reproduction in plants can occur through the production of spores. Which of the following is a type of spore produced by plants?
Correct A. Zygospore
B. Bacillus
C. Fruit
D. Seed

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals from one part of the body to another. Which of the following is a type of neuron?
Correct A. Motor neuron
B. Sensory neuron
C. Interneuron
D. Glia cell

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. What is the probability that two individuals chosen at random will both be homozygous recessive?
Correct A. 0.04
B. 0.16
C. 0.36
D. 0.64

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A neuron has a resting potential of -70 mV and an action potential of +30 mV. If the membrane potential is initially at -60 mV, what is the magnitude of the depolarization required to reach the threshold for an action potential?
A. 10 mV
B. 20 mV
Correct C. 30 mV
D. 40 mV

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18
A plant has a genotype of BBRR. What is the probability that a seed produced by this plant will be homozygous dominant for the B gene?
A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
Correct D. 1.0

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19
A diagram of a neuron is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?
A. axon
B. d\endrite
Correct C. cell body
D. myelin sheath

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
A diagram of a titration setup is shown below. What is the purpose of the burette?
A. to measure the volume of the acid
Correct B. to measure the volume of the base
C. to mix the acid and base
D. to heat the mixture

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
The process of osmoregulation in plants involves the movement of water across the plasma membrane, which is influenced by the concentration of solutes in the surrounding environment. What is the term for the movement of water from a region of high solute concentration to a region of low solute concentration?
Correct A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Active transport
D. Passive transport

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
In the context of cellular respiration, what is the term for the process by which glu\cose is converted into ATP, relea\sing energy in the form of electrons?
A. Glycolysis
B. Citric acid cycle
Correct C. Electron transport chain
D. Fermentation

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23
In the classification of living organisms, what is the term for the level of organization that includes organisms that are composed of multiple cells?
A. Domain
B. Kingdom
C. Phylum
Correct D. Multicellular organism

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24
In the context of excretion, what is the term for the process by which the kidneys filter waste products from the blood and excrete them in the urine?
Correct A. Glomerular filtration
B. Tubular reabsorption
C. Tubular secretion
D. Ureteral peristalsis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
In the context of growth and development, what is the term for the process by which an organism increases in size and complexity?
A. Hormesis
B. Homeostasis
Correct C. Growth
D. Differentiation

Correct Answer: C

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