Practice neco model questions vol1 government 2025 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

In a federal system, the National Assembly has $200$ members. To override a presidential veto, at least $\frac{2}{3}$ of the members must vote in favour. A bill is vetoed by the President. In the first attempt to override, $120$ members vote for the override. The President then refers the bill to the Supreme Court, which declares the bill unconstitutional. Considering the constitutional hierarchy, what is the final status of the bill?

A. The bill is sent back to the National Assembly for a new vote

B. The bill is upheld as constitutional by the Supreme Court

C. The bill becomes law

Correct D. The bill does not become law

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2 View Details

Country Z uses a parallel voting system with $100$ constituency seats (first‑past‑the‑post) and $50$ party‑list seats. The election results are as follows: Party A wins $40$ constituency seats and receives $35\%$ of the party‑list vote; Party B wins $30$ constituency seats and receives $45\%$ of the party‑list vote; Party C wins $30$ constituency seats and receives $20\%$ of the party‑list vote. List seats are allocated proportionally to the party‑list vote using the largest‑remainder method (allocate the integer part of each party's share of the $50$ seats, then give any remaining seats to parties with the largest fractional remainders; in case of a tie, the party with the higher vote share receives the seat). Determine the total number of seats each party holds after the allocation.

A. Party A: 55 seats, Party B: 55 seats, Party C: 40 seats

B. Party A: 56 seats, Party B: 54 seats, Party C: 40 seats

Correct C. Party A: 57 seats, Party B: 53 seats, Party C: 40 seats

D. Party A: 58 seats, Party B: 52 seats, Party C: 40 seats

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3 View Details

Country X imposes a $10\%$ tariff on steel imports from Country Y. As a result, the volume of steel imports falls by $15\%$ from its original value of $\text{₦}20$ billion. Simultaneously, Country X signs a bilateral agreement that raises its agricultural exports to Country Y by $8\%$ from an initial export value of $\text{₦}5$ billion. Assume that a reduction in imports has a negative multiplier effect of $-1.2$ on GDP, while an increase in exports has a positive multiplier effect of $1.5$. Calculate the net change in Country X's GDP attributable to these two trade actions.

A. GDP increases by ₦3.0 billion

B. GDP decreases by ₦1.8 billion

C. GDP decreases by ₦3.1 billion

Correct D. GDP decreases by ₦3.0 billion

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4 View Details

A government introduces a luxury‑car tax of $5\%$ on the market value of each car. The car market consists of $200{,}000$ cars divided into three categories:\n\n- Category I: value > $\text{₦}10$ million, representing $30\%$ of cars, average value $\text{₦}15$ million, compliance rate $80\%$.\n- Category II: value between $\text{₦}5$ million and $\text{₦}10$ million, representing $50\%$ of cars, average value $\text{₦}7$ million, compliance rate $60\%$.\n- Category III: value < $\text{₦}5$ million, representing $20\%$ of cars, average value $\text{₦}3$ million, compliance rate $40\%$.\n\nCompute the expected revenue from this tax.

Correct A. ₦59.4 billion

B. ₦62.4 billion

C. ₦118.8 billion

D. ₦86.0 billion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5 View Details

On a two‑dimensional political spectrum, the economic axis runs left (negative) to right (positive) and the social axis runs authoritarian (positive) to libertarian (negative). Party D is located at $(-2, 1)$, Party E at $(3, -2)$, and a voter group F at the origin $(0,0)$. The probability that a voter supports a party is given by $P = \frac{k}{d^{2}}$, where $d$ is the Euclidean distance between the voter and the party and $k = 0.5$. Determine the ratio of the probabilities that a voter from group F supports Party D to that of supporting Party E.

A. 8:5

B. 5:13

Correct C. 13:5

D. 13:13

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6 View Details

In a country with 2,500,000 eligible voters, Pressure Group A claims to represent (12\%\) of the electorate. Group B claims to represent twice as many members as Group A, while Group C says that together with Group A they represent (30\%\) of the electorate. A recent survey shows that only (80\%\) of the claimed members of each group are actually active. How many active members does Group B have?

Correct A. 480000

B. 600000

C. 240000

D. 360000

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7 View Details

A state's High Court consists of 9 judges. Three are appointed from the seniority list, two are appointed from the bar, and the remaining judges are appointed by the President after consultation with the Council of State. If a judge is selected at random, let $p$ be the probability that the judge was appointed by the President. For judges appointed by the President, the probability of having at least 15\,years of legal experience is $0.6$; for those appointed from the seniority list it is $0.8$; and for those appointed from the bar it is $0.5$. What is the overall probability that a randomly selected judge has at least 15\,years of experience?

Correct A. \frac{29}{45}

B. \frac{19}{30}

C. \frac{3}{5}

D. \frac{32}{45}

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8 View Details

A federal constitution allows the executive to propose a bill containing 12 clauses. The legislature may amend the bill, but must retain at least 60\% of the original clauses. In a particular session the legislature reduces the number of clauses to 8, removing four clauses. Of the original 12 clauses, 3 conflict with Article X and would be declared unconstitutional by the judiciary. After amendment, none of the remaining clauses conflict with Article X. How many clauses are finally enacted, and does the legislature's amendment satisfy the constitutional requirement?

A. 8 clauses; requirement not satisfied

Correct B. 8 clauses; requirement satisfied

C. 9 clauses; requirement satisfied

D. 7 clauses; requirement not satisfied

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9 View Details

In a system of checks and balances, the executive can veto legislation, the legislature can impeach the executive, and the judiciary can review executive orders. During a year the executive vetoes exactly two bills. The legislature will impeach the executive only if the executive has vetoed more than one bill. The judiciary will review an executive order only if the executive has not been impeached. Assuming each power can be exercised at most once in the year, how many distinct possible sequences of actions (executive, legislature, judiciary) can occur?

A. 5

B. 4

C. 2

Correct D. 3

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10 View Details

What term describes a system of government in which political power is divided between a central authority and regional governments?

Correct A. Federalism

B. Unitaryism

C. Confederalism

D. Separatism

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11 View Details

Nigeria is considering a switch from a first‑past‑the‑post (FPTP) system to a mixed‑member proportional (MMP) system for its 120‑seat parliament. Under the proposed MMP, there are 80 constituency seats and 40 list seats, and a party must obtain at least (5%) of the total vote to qualify for list seats. The parties received the following vote shares and constituency results: - Party A: (45%) of the vote, won 50 constituency seats. - Party B: (30%) of the vote, won 20 constituency seats. - Party C: (15%) of the vote, won 10 constituency seats. - Party D: (7%) of the vote, won no constituency seats. - Party E: (3%) of the vote, won no constituency seats. Using the largest‑remainder (Hamilton) method to allocate the total 120 seats proportionally, how many list seats will Party B receive under the MMP system?

A. 18

B. 14

C. 17

Correct D. 16

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12 View Details

The Nigerian Senate has 109 members and the House of Representatives has 360 members. A constitutional amendment requires a two‑thirds majority of the total membership of each chamber. In a particular session, 5 Senators and 20 House members were absent. Of those present, (90\%) of Senators and (70\%) of House members voted in favour of the amendment. Did the amendment pass?

A. Yes, the amendment passes because it meets the two‑thirds majority in both chambers.

Correct B. No, the amendment fails because it does not achieve the required two‑thirds majority in the House of Representatives.

C. Yes, the amendment passes because the absences reduce the required number of votes, allowing the present members' support to meet the two‑thirds threshold.

D. No, the amendment fails because it does not achieve the required two‑thirds majority in the Senate.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13 View Details

Consider the following periods during which Nigeria was governed by a civilian constitution between 1 January 1960 and 31 December 2025: 1. Independence Constitution: 1 October 1960 - 30 September 1963. 2. Republican Constitution: 1 October 1963 - 15 January 1966. 3. Second Republic Constitution: 1 October 1979 - 31 December 1983. 4. Short‑lived 1993 Constitution: 5 May 1993 - 17 November 1993. 5. Fourth Republic Constitution: 29 May 1999 - 31 December 2025. Using the Gregorian calendar (including leap years), calculate the total number of days Nigeria was under a civilian constitution during this interval.

A. 13385

B. 13410

C. 13402

Correct D. 13397

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14 View Details

The federal budget for 2025 allocates (12\%\) of its total expenditure to education. If the total budget is $\text{₦}15$ trillion, and the education allocation is to be divided equally among the 36 states, how much does each state receive for education?

A. ₦45 billion

B. ₦48 billion

Correct C. ₦50 billion

D. ₦52 billion

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15 View Details

Nigeria's total imports in 2024 amounted to $\$20$ billion, distributed as follows: West Africa 30\%, Europe 25\%, Asia 45\%. The government plans to replace the existing uniform import tariff of (8\%\) with region‑specific tariffs: West Africa 5\%, Europe 10\%, Asia 15\%. Calculate the additional tariff revenue (in billions of dollars) that the new policy would generate compared with the uniform 8 % tariff.

Correct A. 0.55

B. 0.45

C. 0.65

D. 0.75

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16 View Details

In a government there are 12 senior officials eligible for appointment as ministers. Among them, 5 have previously served as senators, 4 have served as governors, and 3 have served in neither. The President must appoint exactly 4 ministers, with the condition that at least one must have served as a senator and at most one may have served as a governor. How many distinct combinations of ministers satisfy the condition?

A. 315

B. 300

Correct C. 290

D. 260

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17 View Details

A country has a 120‑seat parliament. Eighty seats are constituency seats filled by first‑past‑the‑post, and the remaining forty are list seats allocated proportionally using the D'Hondt method based on total votes. Parties A, B and C received respectively 480,000; 360,000; and 160,000 votes (total 1,000,000). In the constituency election A won 45 seats, B won 30 seats and C won 5 seats. Assuming all parties meet the 5 % threshold, how many list seats does each party receive? Express the answer as three numbers separated by commas in the order A, B, C.

A. 13,12,15

B. 12,14,14

Correct C. 13,13,14

D. 14,12,14

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18 View Details

A pressure‑group had 12,000 members in 2015. Its membership grew by 8 % per year for the first three years and then by an unknown constant rate $r$% per year for the next two years, reaching 18,000 members in 2020. What is the value of $r$ (to the nearest tenth of a percent)?

Correct A. 9.1%

B. 10.5%

C. 8.3%

D. 7.2%

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19 View Details

A local government has a total budget of $\text{₦}200$ million to be spent on two projects, X and Y. The benefit functions are $B_X = 5\,E_X^{0.6}$ and $B_Y = 8\,E_Y^{0.5}$, where $E_X$ and $E_Y$ are the expenditures (in million naira) on the respective projects. Each project must receive at least $\text{₦}30$ million and at most $\text{₦}120$ million. Determine the allocation $(E_X, E_Y)$ that maximizes the total benefit $B_X+B_Y$ and give the maximum total benefit rounded to the nearest million naira.

A. E_X = 100.0 million, E_Y = 100.0 million, total benefit = 155 million

B. E_X = 115.0 million, E_Y = 85.0 million, total benefit = 158 million

C. E_X = 120.0 million, E_Y = 80.0 million, total benefit = 162 million

Correct D. E_X = 118.6 million, E_Y = 81.4 million, total benefit = 160 million

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20 View Details

According to the 1999 Nigerian Constitution, what is the maximum number of years a person may serve as President of Nigeria?

A. 12 years

B. 10 years

C. 4 years

Correct D. 8 years

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21 View Details

Group A has 150,000 members and an annual funding of $\text{₦}12$ million. Group B has 80,000 members and an annual funding of $\text{₦}30$ million. The influence potential $I$ of a pressure group is given by $I = M \times \sqrt{F}$, where $M$ is membership in thousands and $F$ is annual funding in millions of naira. Which group has the higher influence potential?

A. Group B

B. Neither group

Correct C. Group A

D. Both groups have equal influence

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22 View Details

A new statute permits the police to detain any person for up to 30 days without charge if the officer believes the person poses a threat to national security. The statute does not define "threat" and applies to all citizens equally. Which principle of the rule of law is most directly contravened by this statute?

A. Proportionality

B. Due process

C. Equality

Correct D. Legality

Correct Answer: D

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Question 23 View Details

The Senate has 109 members and the House of Representatives has 360 members. To pass a constitutional amendment, a two‑thirds majority is required in each house. Party X holds 70 seats in the Senate and 200 seats in the House. Can Party X pass the amendment on its own?

A. Only if it forms a coalition

B. Only with support from independents

C. Yes

Correct D. No

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24 View Details

A parliamentary committee recommends the removal of the Minister of Health for alleged misconduct. The constitution states that only the President may remove a minister. What is the legal status of the committee's recommendation?

Correct A. Advisory (non‑binding)

B. Mandatory (binding)

C. Consultative (non‑binding)

D. Binding

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25 View Details

The African Union (AU) requires a two‑thirds majority of its 55 member states to adopt a new treaty, and at least 30 % of the total membership must be from the West African region (which has 15 member states). In a recent session, 38 members voted in favour, 10 voted against and 7 abstained. Among the 38 in favour, 9 were from West Africa. Did the treaty get adopted?

Correct A. No

B. Yes

C. Maybe

D. Undecided

Correct Answer: A

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