neco model questions vol1 2023 physics | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A student is required to determine the density of an unknown metal sample using the water‑displacement method and a calibrated balance. The balance reads 56.32 g for the metal. The volume of water displaced is obtained by reading the water level in a graduated cylinder before and after the metal is immersed: initial level = 120.0 mL, final level = 138.5 mL.
Question Parts
(a)
State the mass of the metal in kilograms and the volume displaced in cubic metres.
(b)
Calculate the density of the metal in kg·m⁻³ and also express it in g·cm⁻³.
(c)
The accepted density of the metal is 7.85 g·cm⁻³. Determine the percentage error of the experimental density.
(d)
List two possible sources of error in this experiment and suggest one way to minimise each.
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Question 2 View Details
A force table is used to determine the resultant of two forces acting on a ring. Force F₁ = 5.0 N is applied at an angle of 30° to the positive x‑axis. Force F₂ = 8.0 N is applied at an angle of 120° to the positive x‑axis. The magnitude of the resultant measured with a spring balance is 9.2 N.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the theoretical magnitude of the resultant using vector addition.
(b)
Find the percentage difference between the measured magnitude (9.2 N) and the theoretical magnitude.
(c)
Determine the direction (angle measured from the positive x‑axis) of the theoretical resultant.
(d)
Suggest two reasons why the measured magnitude may differ from the theoretical value and how each can be minimised.
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Question 3 View Details
A smooth inclined plane of length 2.00 m is set at an angle of 30° to the horizontal. A steel ball is released from rest at the top and allowed to roll down the plane. Using a digital timer, the time taken for the ball to travel three successive distances measured from the top was recorded as shown in the table. | Distance from top (m) | Trial 1 (s) | Trial 2 (s) | Trial 3 (s) | |-----------------------|------------|------------|------------| | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.64 | 0.63 | | 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.90 | 0.89 | | 1.50 | 1.10 | 1.12 | 1.11 | Assume the ball starts from rest at each measured point (u = 0).
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the average time for each distance.
(b)
Using s = ½ a t² (u = 0), determine the acceleration of the ball for each distance and then obtain the average experimental acceleration.
(c)
Calculate the theoretical acceleration down the plane using g = 9.81 m s⁻² and the given angle. Then compute the percentage error of the experimental value obtained in part (b).
(d)
State two possible sources of error in this experiment and suggest a practical way to minimise each.
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Question 4 View Details
A vertical spring of unknown constant k is suspended from a fixed support. Identical masses are added successively and the corresponding extension of the spring and the period of vertical simple harmonic motion are recorded. | Mass (kg) | Extension x (cm) | Period T (s) | |-----------|------------------|--------------| | 0.20 | 1.20 | 0.90 | | 0.40 | 2.50 | 1.28 | | 0.60 | 3.70 | 1.57 | | 0.80 | 5.00 | 1.80 | Assume the spring is ideal and the motion is undamped. Take g = 9.81 m s⁻².
Question Parts
(a)
Using the data in the table, plot extension x (in metres) against the load (mg) and determine the spring constant k from the slope of the straight line. State the value of k obtained.
(b)
For each mass, calculate the spring constant k using the period formula T = 2π√(m/k). Then give the average value of k obtained from the four trials.
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