neco model questions vol1 2022 physics | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A student is required to determine the density of an unknown metal cylinder using the dimensions method. The apparatus supplied are a digital balance (reading to 0.01 g), a vernier caliper (reading to 0.02 mm) and a steel ruler (reading to 1 mm). The student records the following measurements: - Mass of the cylinder = 150.0 g - Length (height) of the cylinder = 6.00 cm - Diameter of the cylinder = 2.00 cm Using these data, the student must calculate the volume and density of the metal, compare the obtained density with the standard density of brass (8.5 g cm⁻³) and discuss the reliability of the result.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the volume of the cylinder in cm³. Show the formula used and all intermediate steps.
(b)
Determine the density of the metal in g cm⁻³ using the mass and the volume obtained in part (a).
(c)
List at least three possible sources of error that could affect the measured density.
(d)
Suggest two practical measures the student could take to improve the reliability of the density determination.
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Question 2 View Details
A force table is set up to determine the resultant of two forces acting on a small ring. The following forces are applied using hanging masses and pulleys: - Force F₁: magnitude 5.0 N acting at 30° north of east. - Force F₂: magnitude 8.0 N acting at 120° measured anticlockwise from the positive x‑axis (east). The student is required to (i) resolve the forces analytically into their rectangular components, (ii) obtain the resultant analytically, (iii) verify the result by the graphical (parallelogram) method on the force table, and (iv) comment on any discrepancy between the two methods.
Question Parts
(a)
Resolve each force into its horizontal (x) and vertical (y) components. Show all work.
(b)
Obtain the resultant force components (Rₓ, Rᵧ) by algebraically adding the components of F₁ and F₂.
(c)
Calculate the magnitude and direction (θ_R measured north of east) of the resultant force.
(d)
The student also obtained a resultant of 9.4 N at 87° using the graphical (parallelogram) method on the force table. Discuss possible reasons for the small difference between the analytical and graphical results.
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Question 3 View Details
A cart is released from rest down a smooth inclined plane. A ticker timer is set to mark a dot every 0.02 s. The distance between successive dots on the ticker tape is 0.02 m. The number of dots recorded in each successive 0.5 s interval is given in the table below. | Interval (s) | Number of dots | |--------------|----------------| | 0 – 0.5 | 12 | | 0.5 – 1.0 | 14 | | 1.0 – 1.5 | 16 | | 1.5 – 2.0 | 18 | | 2.0 – 2.5 | 20 | Using the data, determine the motion characteristics of the cart.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the speed of the cart in each 0.5 s interval. Give your answers in m s⁻¹ to two decimal places.
(b)
Assuming the acceleration is constant, determine its magnitude. Show the method you used.
(c)
Identify one possible source of error in this experiment and suggest a practical way to minimise it.
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Question 4 View Details
A spring is hung vertically from a fixed support. Different masses are attached to the lower end and the extension of the spring is recorded. The data obtained are shown below. | Mass (kg) | Extension (cm) | |-----------|----------------| | 0.10 | 1.5 | | 0.20 | 3.1 | | 0.30 | 4.6 | | 0.40 | 6.2 | Assume g = 9.8 m s⁻². Using the data, answer the following questions.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the load (force) exerted by each mass on the spring. Express your answers in newtons (N) to two decimal places.
(b)
Determine the spring constant k (N m⁻¹) assuming the spring obeys Hooke’s law. Show the calculation method you use.
(c)
Using the value of k obtained in part (b), predict the load required to extend the spring by 8 cm. Give your answer in newtons to one decimal place.
(d)
Mention one precaution that should be taken when carrying out this experiment to ensure reliable results.
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