neco model questions vol1 2020 physics | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
An irregular metal specimen is to be identified by determining its density using the water‑displacement method. The mass of the specimen measured on a balance is 125.6 g. The volume of water in a graduated cylinder is 250.0 mL before the specimen is immersed and 260.3 mL after it is completely submerged. Standard densities of possible metals are: - Lead: 11.34 g·cm⁻³ - Copper: 8.96 g·cm⁻³ - Aluminium: 2.70 g·cm⁻³ Using the data above, answer the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the volume of the metal specimen in cm³.
(b)
Determine the density of the specimen in g·cm⁻³ (give your answer to two decimal places).
(c)
Identify the metal by comparing the calculated density with the standard densities provided.
(d)
If the student incorrectly assumes the metal is copper, calculate the percentage error in the density determination. (Use the copper standard density of 8.96 g·cm⁻³.)
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Question 2 View Details
A force table is used to verify the condition of equilibrium for a particle at the centre of a ring. Three forces act on the ring: - Force F₁: magnitude 5 N, direction 0° (along the positive x‑axis). - Force F₂: magnitude 4 N, direction 60° measured counter‑clockwise from the positive x‑axis. - Force F₃: unknown magnitude, direction to be determined, acting so that the particle remains at rest. Answer the following questions:
Question Parts
(a)
Resolve forces F₁ and F₂ into their horizontal (x) and vertical (y) components and obtain the resultant components of the two known forces.
(b)
Using the equilibrium condition (net force zero), calculate the magnitude of the required third force F₃ and state its direction measured counter‑clockwise from the positive x‑axis (give the angle to one decimal place).
(c)
If the student measures the magnitude of F₃ as 6.0 N, compute the percentage error in the measured value.
(d)
List any two possible sources of error that could affect the accuracy of the experiment.
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Question 3 View Details
A student is investigating the motion of a cart down a smooth inclined plane using a ticker timer. The plane is fixed at an angle of 5° to the horizontal. The mass of the cart (including wheels) is 0.50 kg. The ticker timer produces dots at intervals of 0.02 s. The student records the distances between successive dots as shown in the table below. | Dot interval | Distance between successive dots (cm) | |--------------|----------------------------------------| | 1–2 | 2.1 | | 2–3 | 2.3 | | 3–4 | 2.5 | | 4–5 | 2.8 | | 5–6 | 3.0 | | 6–7 | 3.3 | | 7–8 | 3.6 | | 8–9 | 4.0 | | 9–10 | 4.4 | Using the data, the student is required to:
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the instantaneous velocity of the cart at each recorded dot and determine the average acceleration over the interval using the method of successive velocities.
(b)
From the average acceleration obtained, calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction (µ) between the cart and the plane, assuming the only forces acting are gravity, the normal reaction and kinetic friction.
(c)
Identify two possible sources of systematic error in this experiment and suggest a practical way to minimise each.
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Question 4 View Details
A student wishes to determine the spring constant (k) of a helical spring using a spring balance. Five known masses are hung from the spring and the corresponding extensions are recorded. The data obtained are shown in the table. | Mass (kg) | Extension (cm) | |-----------|----------------| | 0.10 | 2.0 | | 0.20 | 3.9 | | 0.30 | 5.9 | | 0.40 | 7.8 | | 0.50 | 9.8 | The student is then asked to use the same spring to determine the mass of an unknown object that produces an extension of 5.0 cm. The student must also comment on the linearity of the load‑extension graph. Answer the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Plot the load (in newtons) against extension (in metres) and determine the spring constant k from the slope of the best‑fit straight line.
(b)
Using the value of k obtained in part (a), calculate the mass of the unknown object that gives an extension of 5.0 cm.
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