neco model questions vol1 2018 physics | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A simple pendulum is set up using a thin string and a small spherical bob. The length of the pendulum is measured with a metre rule and recorded as 1.00 m (to the nearest millimetre). Using a stop‑watch, the time for 20 complete oscillations is measured in five separate trials. The recorded times are: 40.2 s, 39.8 s, 40.0 s, 40.1 s and 39.9 s. Using the data provided, answer the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the average period of the pendulum (in seconds).
(b)
Using the average period obtained in (a), calculate the acceleration due to gravity g (in m s⁻²) for the pendulum. Give your answer to two decimal places.
(c)
State two possible sources of error that could affect the value of g obtained above.
(d)
Suggest two ways to minimise the errors identified in part (c).
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Question 2 View Details
A force table is set up to determine the resultant of two forces acting at known angles. The following data are recorded: - Force F₁: magnitude 6.0 N, direction 0° (along the positive x‑axis). - Force F₂: magnitude 8.0 N, direction 120° measured anticlockwise from the positive x‑axis. - The resultant force measured on the spring balance is 7.2 N acting at 74° from the positive x‑axis. Using the data above, answer the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Resolve each of the two forces into their horizontal (x) and vertical (y) components. State the components in newtons (N) to two decimal places.
(b)
Determine the resultant horizontal and vertical components by adding the respective components of F₁ and F₂.
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Question 3 View Details
A student sets up an inclined plane of length 2.00 m. The vertical height of the plane is measured as 0.60 m. A cart of mass 0.500 kg is released from rest at the top and allowed to travel the whole length. The time taken for the cart to reach the bottom is recorded with a stop‑watch for three trials: 1.85 s, 1.78 s and 1.82 s. Air resistance is negligible and the motion is assumed to be uniformly accelerated.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the average speed of the cart over the inclined plane.
(b)
Assuming the cart moves with constant acceleration, determine the experimental value of the acceleration.
(c)
Determine the angle of inclination of the plane.
(d)
Calculate the theoretical acceleration down the plane (g sin θ) and compare it with the experimental value obtained in part (b). State at least two possible sources of error that could account for any discrepancy.
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Question 4 View Details
A wooden block of mass 0.800 kg is placed on a smooth wooden inclined plane. The plane can be set to different angles. A spring balance is attached to the block and the balance is pulled parallel to the plane until the block is just about to move up the plane. The reading on the spring balance at the threshold of motion is recorded. The experiment is repeated for three different angles of the plane as shown in the table below. | Angle (°) | Spring‑balance reading (N) | |-----------|-----------------------------| | 15 | 2.5 | | 20 | 3.0 | | 25 | 3.6 | Assume the acceleration due to gravity g = 9.8 m s⁻² and neglect air resistance.
Question Parts
(a)
For each angle, calculate the component of the block’s weight acting down the plane.
(b)
Using the equilibrium condition at the threshold of motion, determine the coefficient of static friction μₛ for each angle.
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