Practice neco model questions vol1 english_language 2018 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

Write the subject line for a formal letter addressed to the Dean of the Faculty of Science, requesting a postponement of the upcoming Chemistry examination scheduled for 15th October, following NECO conventions (all capitals, no punctuation).

A. POSTPONEMENT REQUEST FOR CHEMISTRY TEST

B. REQUEST FOR RESCHEDULING OF CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION

C. APPLICATION FOR EXTENSION OF CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION DATE

Correct D. APPLICATION FOR POSTPONEMENT OF CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2 View Details

Provide a single thesis statement (no more than 30 words) for an expository essay on how social media influences the academic performance of secondary school students in Nigeria.

A. While social media offers entertainment, its limited educational content has negligible impact on Nigerian secondary students' academic outcomes.

B. The prevalence of social media in Nigerian schools distracts teachers more than students, indirectly affecting overall academic performance.

C. Social media enhances learning by providing collaborative platforms, thereby improving Nigerian secondary students' academic performance and increasing study efficiency.

Correct D. While social media offers valuable educational resources, its excessive use distracts Nigerian secondary students, leading to lower academic performance and reduced study time.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3 View Details

Given the following data: (i) Renewable energy supplied 20% of Nigeria's electricity in 2022, (ii) Solar power capacity grew by 35% between 2020 and 2022, (iii) Investment in wind farms increased to ₦15 billion in 2022. Write a concluding sentence for an expository paragraph that integrates these three facts and uses an appropriate transition word.

A. Consequently, the rapid growth in solar capacity, the rising investment in wind farms, and renewable energy's 20% contribution in 2022 indicate Nigeria's decreasing reliance on sustainable power.

B. Consequently, the modest growth in solar capacity, the declining investment in wind farms, and renewable energy's 15% contribution in 2022 illustrate Nigeria's stagnant shift toward sustainable power.

C. Consequently, the rapid growth in solar capacity, the rising investment in wind farms, and renewable energy's 20% contribution in 2022 suggest Nigeria's temporary surge in sustainable power.

Correct D. Consequently, the rapid growth in solar capacity, the rising investment in wind farms, and renewable energy's 20% contribution in 2022 demonstrate Nigeria's accelerating shift toward sustainable power.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4 View Details

In the sentence "The researcher's approach was __________, leaving no detail unchecked," choose a synonym for the underlined word that best fits the context.

Correct A. thorough

B. superficial

C. partial

D. hasty

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5 View Details

Fill in the blank with an idiom that means ‘to reveal a secret unintentionally': "During the interview, she accidentally _______ about the upcoming product launch."

A. hit the sack

B. break the ice

C. beat around the bush

Correct D. let the cat out of the bag

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6 View Details

Write a speech of 150‑180 words for a school assembly addressing the problem of litter in the school compound. The speech must include at least two rhetorical questions, propose a three‑step plan to solve the problem, and end with a clear call to action.

A. Good morning respected Principal, teachers, and dear students. I stand before you to discuss litter in our school. Have you ever walked past the hallway and seen wrappers? Have you ever wondered why our grounds look messy? Have you ever considered how we can change this? I propose a four‑step plan: first, install recycling bins at every entrance; second, organize a weekly ‘Clean‑Up Thursday'; third, start a poster competition; fourth, reward the class with the cleanest area each month. Together we can improve our environment. Let us pledge to act today.

Correct B. Good morning respected Principal, teachers, and dear fellow students. I stand before you today to address a matter that affects us all - the rising tide of litter in our school compound. Have you ever walked past the basketball court and seen plastic bags fluttering like lost flags? Have you ever wondered how a single piece of waste can tarnish the pride of our institution? The truth is, each of us contributes, whether knowingly or not, to this problem. But we also hold the power to change it. I propose a three‑step plan: first, we will set up clearly marked recycling bins at every entrance; second, a weekly ‘Clean‑Up Thursday' will be organized, with volunteers from each class; third, we will launch an awareness campaign using posters and short videos produced by our talented art club. Let us pledge today to keep our school clean, for a healthier environment and a brighter future. Together, we can turn the tide and make our campus a model of cleanliness for the whole community. Thank you.

C. Good morning respected Principal, teachers, and dear fellow students. I stand before you today to address a matter that affects us all - the rising tide of graffiti in our school compound. Have you ever walked past the wall and seen spray paint? Have you ever wondered how a single tag can tarnish the pride of our institution? I propose a three‑step plan: first, we will set up clearly marked recycling bins at every entrance; second, a weekly ‘Clean‑Up Thursday' will be organized; third, we will launch an awareness campaign using posters. Let us pledge today to keep our school clean. Thank you.

D. Good morning respected Principal, teachers, and fellow students. I am here to talk about the litter problem in our school compound. Have you ever noticed the trash on the playground? The truth is, we all leave waste behind. I propose a two‑step plan: first, we will place a few recycling bins near the cafeteria; second, we will hold a monthly clean‑up day. Let us think about keeping our school tidy. Thank you.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7 View Details

Write an article of 150‑200 words for the school magazine on the benefits of reading digital books. The article must mention at least three advantages, cite a specific statistic, and finish with a recommendation for schools.

A. Reading has always been a cornerstone of education, but in the digital age its form has transformed dramatically. Today, e‑books offer two compelling advantages for modern learners. First, they provide instant access; a student can download a textbook within seconds. Second, they are environmentally friendly; a single device can store thousands of titles, reducing paper waste. In conclusion, embracing e‑books equips students with flexibility and sustainability. Schools should therefore consider adding digital resources to their libraries.

Correct B. Reading has always been a cornerstone of education, but in the digital age its form has transformed dramatically. Today, e‑books offer three compelling advantages that make them indispensable for modern learners. First, they provide instant access; a student can download a textbook within seconds, eliminating long trips to the library. Second, they are environmentally friendly; a single device can store thousands of titles, reducing paper waste and deforestation. Third, they enhance learning through interactive features such as searchable text, embedded videos, and adjustable fonts that cater to diverse needs. According to a recent survey by the National Education Board, 78 % of secondary schools reported improved reading engagement after introducing e‑books. Despite these benefits, some argue that digital reading may cause eye strain, but proper screen settings mitigate this risk. In conclusion, embracing e‑books equips students with flexibility, sustainability, and enriched learning experiences. Schools should therefore integrate digital libraries into their curricula and encourage students to explore the vast world of electronic reading.

C. Reading has always been a cornerstone of education, but in the digital age its form has transformed dramatically. Today, e‑books offer three compelling advantages that make them indispensable for modern learners. First, they provide instant access; a student can download a textbook within seconds, eliminating long trips to the library. Second, they are environmentally friendly; a single device can store thousands of titles, reducing paper waste and deforestation. Third, they enhance learning through interactive features such as searchable text, embedded videos, and adjustable fonts that cater to diverse needs. According to a recent survey by the National Education Board, 78 % of secondary schools reported improved reading engagement after introducing e‑books. However, e‑books actually increase paper waste because of the need for constant device upgrades. In conclusion, embracing e‑books equips students with flexibility, sustainability, and enriched learning experiences. Schools should therefore integrate digital libraries into their curricula.

D. Reading has always been a cornerstone of education, but in the digital age its form has transformed dramatically. Today, e‑books offer three compelling advantages that make them indispensable for modern learners. First, they provide instant access; a student can download a textbook within seconds, eliminating long trips to the library. Second, they are environmentally friendly; a single device can store thousands of titles, reducing paper waste and deforestation. Third, they enhance learning through interactive features such as searchable text, embedded videos, and adjustable fonts that cater to diverse needs. According to a recent survey by the National Education Board, 55 % of secondary schools reported improved reading engagement after introducing e‑books. In conclusion, embracing e‑books equips students with flexibility, sustainability, and enriched learning experiences. Schools should therefore integrate digital libraries into their curricula.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8 View Details

Identify the grammatical error in the sentence and rewrite it correctly: "Neither the teachers nor the students was prepared for the sudden fire drill."

A. Neither the teachers nor the students have prepared for the sudden fire drill.

B. Neither the teachers nor the students were preparing for the sudden fire drill.

Correct C. Neither the teachers nor the students were prepared for the sudden fire drill.

D. Neither the teachers nor the students was prepared for the sudden fire drill.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9 View Details

Read the passage below and answer the question that follows. "When I was walking along the riverbank, I saw a small turtle struggling on the sand, its shell cracked and its eyes wide with panic. Without thinking, I lifted it gently and carried it back to the water. As it disappeared beneath the rippling surface, a sense of calm washed over me, and I realized that even the tiniest creature deserves a chance to return home." Why did the narrator decide to return the turtle to the river?

A. Because the narrator believed the turtle was a myth and wanted to prove its existence by returning it.

Correct B. Because the turtle belongs in the water and was in distress on the sand; the narrator felt empathy and believed the creature deserved a chance to return home.

C. Because the narrator wanted to keep the turtle as a pet and thought it would be safer on land.

D. Because the narrator was afraid the turtle would be eaten by predators if left in the water.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10 View Details

In the sentence "The meaning of the ancient script remained obscure," give a suitable synonym for "obscure" and a suitable antonym for "obscure" as used in this context.

A. Synonym: dark; Antonym: light

Correct B. Synonym: unclear; Antonym: clear

C. Synonym: mysterious; Antonym: simple

D. Synonym: hidden; Antonym: bright

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11 View Details

Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable words from the box. The rapid expansion of digital technology has ___1___ many aspects of daily life. While it offers unprecedented convenience, it also ___2___ challenges such as privacy concerns and the digital divide. Governments worldwide are ___3___ policies to regulate data usage, but the effectiveness of these measures often ___4___ due to rapid technological change. Box: shapes, poses, formulating, mitigates, exacerbates, curtails, fosters, fails

A. shapes; mitigates; formulating; fails

B. shapes; poses; curtails; fails

C. exacerbates; poses; curtails; fails

Correct D. shapes; poses; formulating; fails

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12 View Details

Some people argue that social media does more harm than good. Write a short argumentative paragraph (80‑100 words) stating your position, presenting at least three supporting points, and addressing one possible counter‑argument.

A. While social media offers some educational resources, its overall effect is detrimental; it fuels echo chambers, distracts from productive work, and undermines privacy. Even with fact‑checking tools, the sheer volume of false content cannot be controlled, so the drawbacks dominate.

B. Social media is more harmful than beneficial because it spreads misinformation, encourages superficial interactions, and contributes to mental health issues. Although some claim it connects people, the negative impacts outweigh any advantages, leading to a fragmented society.

C. Social media provides limited benefits, mainly entertainment, but it largely promotes cyberbullying, addiction, and the erosion of face‑to‑face communication. Counter‑arguments about networking are outweighed by the pervasive negative influence on users' well‑being.

Correct D. Social media is more beneficial than harmful because it enables rapid information sharing, provides vast educational resources and networking opportunities, and creates support communities for marginalized groups. While critics claim it spreads misinformation, the rise of fact‑checking tools and increased digital literacy mitigate this risk. Consequently, the advantages of social media outweigh its drawbacks, fostering informed and connected societies.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13 View Details

You purchased a laptop from TechWorld on 12 March 2024 (receipt No. TW/2024/0789). After only ten days of use, the device stopped powering on. Write a formal letter of complaint to the manager of TechWorld, Lagos, requesting a full refund. Your letter must include the date, your address, the receipt number, a reference to the Consumer Protection Act, a deadline of ten days for a response, and a polite closing. The letter should be between 150 and 180 words.

A. John A. Okafor 12, Oladipo Street Ikeja, Lagos 12 April 2024 The Manager TechWorld Ltd. 45, Victoria Island, Lagos. Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to formally complain about a laptop (Model X200, receipt No. TW/2024/0789) I purchased from your store on 12 March 2024. After only ten days of use, the device ceased to power on, which indicates a serious defect. Under Section 15 of the Nigerian Consumer Protection Act, I am entitled to a full refund for goods that are not of satisfactory quality. In view of the above, I request a full refund of the purchase price within ten days of receipt of this letter (by 22 April 2024). Please advise on the procedure for returning the laptop and receiving the refund. Thank you for your attention. John A. Okafor

Correct B. John A. Okafor 12, Oladipo Street Ikeja, Lagos 12 April 2024 The Manager TechWorld Ltd. 45, Victoria Island, Lagos. Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to formally complain about a laptop (Model X200, receipt No. TW/2024/0789) I purchased from your store on 12 March 2024. After only ten days of use, the device ceased to power on, which indicates a serious defect. Under Section 15 of the Nigerian Consumer Protection Act, I am entitled to a full refund for goods that are not of satisfactory quality. In view of the above, I request a full refund of the purchase price within ten days of receipt of this letter (by 22 April 2024). Please advise on the procedure for returning the laptop and receiving the refund. I trust that TechWorld will address this matter promptly and uphold its reputation for customer service. Yours faithfully, John A. Okafor

C. John A. Okafor 12, Oladipo Street Ikeja, Lagos 13 April 2024 The Manager TechWorld Ltd. 45, Victoria Island, Lagos. Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to complain about a laptop (Model X200, receipt No. TW/2024/0789) purchased on 12 March 2024. After fifteen days of use, the device stopped working. I request a refund within fifteen days of this letter (by 28 April 2024). Yours faithfully, John A. Okafor

D. John A. Okafor 12, Oladipo Street Ikeja, Lagos 12 April 2024 The Manager TechWorld Ltd. 45, Victoria Island, Lagos. Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to formally complain about a laptop (Model X300, receipt No. TW/2024/0790) I purchased from your store on 12 March 2024. After only ten days of use, the device ceased to power on. Under Section 15 of the Nigerian Consumer Protection Act, I am entitled to a full replacement. I request a full refund of the purchase price within ten days of receipt of this letter (by 22 April 2024). Please advise on the procedure for returning the laptop and receiving the refund. Yours faithfully, John A. Okafor

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14 View Details

For each underlined word, give a synonym that fits the context (for the first two sentences) or an antonym (for the last two sentences). 1. The committee's decision was **final**. 2. She felt **elated** after the victory. 3. The weather turned **dreary**. 4. His remarks were **vague**.

A. definitive; ecstatic; gloomy; ambiguous

B. temporary; melancholy; murky; imprecise

Correct C. conclusive; overjoyed; bright; clear

D. temporary; sad; cloudy; unclear

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15 View Details

Motion: "This House would ban the use of plastic bags in all markets." Write an opening speech for the proposition side (150‑200 words). Your speech must include: (i) a clear definition of "plastic bag" and "ban", (ii) three distinct arguments with supporting evidence, and (iii) a rebuttal to the common opposition claim that the ban will hurt small traders.

Correct A. Honourable adjudicators, today we propose to ban plastic bags - defined as single‑use, non‑biodegradable polymer bags less than 50 µm thick - from all markets. A ban is a legal prohibition that makes the supply or use of such bags punishable by law. First, plastic bags are a major source of environmental degradation; Nigeria discards over 2 million tonnes of plastic waste each year, with bags accounting for roughly 30 % and choking our rivers and drains. Second, they pose serious health hazards: as bags break down they release micro‑plastics that infiltrate the food chain, contributing to endocrine disorders. Third, viable alternatives exist - locally made reusable cloth and biodegradable bags are now affordable, and a Lagos study showed a modest 15 % rise in waste‑management savings that offsets any price increase for merchants. Opponents argue the ban will hurt small traders. However, the government can provide subsidies for reusable bags and a phased implementation, as successfully demonstrated in Rwanda, where traders experienced a 5 % boost in sales post‑ban. Therefore, for the sake of our environment, public health, and sustainable commerce, we urge the House to adopt the ban.

B. Honourable adjudicators, today we argue against banning plastic bags - defined as reusable, thick polymer bags over 80 µm - from all markets. A ban would constitute a criminal penalty for merchants. First, plastic bags are essential for keeping produce fresh, reducing food waste by up to 20 %. Second, the Nigerian economy relies on plastic manufacturing, employing over 200 000 workers; a ban would cause massive job losses. Third, there is no viable local alternative, as biodegradable bags cost twice as much. While opponents say the ban will safeguard health, the evidence shows that micro‑plastics are filtered out during cooking. Hence, the motion should be rejected.

C. Honourable adjudicators, we support a partial ban on plastic bags - defined as any polymer bag regardless of thickness - only in supermarkets, not all markets. A ban is a temporary suspension, not a permanent prohibition. First, data from the Ministry of Environment indicate that plastic bags contribute less than 1 % to river blockages. Second, health studies in Lagos found no correlation between bag usage and endocrine disorders. Third, a pilot program in Abuja showed that replacing bags with paper increased municipal waste by 30 %. Opponents argue that a full ban is necessary, but a limited ban would avoid the 5 % sales decline projected for traders. Consequently, we propose a targeted restriction rather than an outright ban.

D. Honourable adjudicators, we oppose the motion to ban plastic bags - defined as single‑use, biodegradable polymer bags less than 30 µm thick - from all markets. A ban would be a voluntary guideline rather than a legal prohibition. First, plastic bags constitute only 5 % of Nigeria's plastic waste, amounting to about 100 000 tonnes annually, a negligible environmental impact. Second, studies show that micro‑plastics from bags are harmless to human health. Third, alternatives such as cloth bags are expensive and not widely available, increasing costs for consumers. Opponents claim the ban will protect the environment, but in reality it would raise prices for shoppers and reduce market accessibility. Therefore, we should reject the ban.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16 View Details

Write a formal letter of complaint about a faulty product, using the following requirements: include the date, recipient's address, a proper salutation, a clear description of the problem, reference to the purchase date and warranty, a request for either a full refund or a replacement, and a closing. The letter should be between 120 and 150 words.

A. 12 June 2024 The Manager TechGear Ltd. 45 Market Street Lagos Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing concerning the Bluetooth headphones (model TG‑200) I bought on 10 June 2024 from your Lagos outlet. Within two days, the right earphone ceased functioning and the battery life is far below the advertised 20‑hour claim. I request an exchange for a different model rather than a refund. Please let me know the steps to receive the replacement. Yours faithfully, Aisha Bello 0803‑123‑4567

B. 13 June 2024 Customer Service TechGear Ltd. 45 Market Street Lagos Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing regarding the Bluetooth speaker (model TG‑300) I bought on 6 June 2024 from your Lagos store. After one day of use, the speaker stopped producing sound. I have tried resetting it following the manual, but the issue remains. I would like a full refund as the item is defective. Please inform me how to return the product. I have attached the receipt. Yours faithfully, Aisha Bello 0803‑123‑4567

C. 12 June 2024 Customer Service Department TechGear Ltd. 45 Market Street Lagos Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to complain about the Bluetooth headphones (model TG‑200) purchased on 5 June 2024. The left earphone stopped working after two days and the battery drains quickly. I would like the unit repaired under the warranty. Please advise on the repair process. The purchase receipt is enclosed. Yours faithfully, Aisha Bello 0803‑123‑4567

Correct D. 12 June 2024 The Manager TechGear Ltd. 45 Market Street Lagos Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to express my disappointment with the Bluetooth headphones (model TG‑200) I purchased on 5 June 2024 from your Lagos outlet. Within two days of use, the left earphone stopped working and the battery drains rapidly. Despite following the troubleshooting guide, the problem persists. I request a full refund or a replacement unit, as the product is still under the 30‑day warranty. Please advise on the procedure for returning the defective item. I expect a response within seven days; otherwise, I will consider reporting the matter to consumer protection authorities. The headphones were advertised as having a 20‑hour battery life, which has not been achieved. I have attached a copy of the purchase receipt for your reference. Yours faithfully, Aisha Bello 0803‑123‑4567

Correct Answer: D

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Question 17 View Details

Write a narrative paragraph of about 80‑100 words describing a surprising event that occurred at a market. Use the past continuous and past perfect tenses appropriately, and include at least two sensory details (sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste).

A. The market was quiet when a sudden thunderstorm erupted, and I am hearing the roar of thunder. I had been buying vegetables when a child slipped on the wet floor. I helped him and offered my coat. The vendor quickly moved his stall. By the time the rain stopped, the market was lively with laughter. The unexpected storm turned a routine shopping trip into a memorable act of kindness.

B. While I was strolling through the market, the sky had already darkened. The rain began pouring, and I was hearing the splash of water on the cobblestones. A child's cry echoed as a boy slipped, and I was rushing to help. The vendor covered his goods. By the time the rain stopped, the market smelled fresh. The event was surprising.

Correct C. On a humid Saturday morning, I was wandering through the bustling market when a sudden downpour drenched the stalls. While I was hurrying to find shelter, I heard a child's cry; a little boy had slipped on the slick tiles and fallen into a puddle. I rushed over, helped him up, and offered my umbrella. The vendor, seeing the chaos, quickly covered his goods with tarpaulins. By the time the rain eased, the market was alive with laughter, and the boy's mother thanked me profusely. The unexpected storm turned a routine shopping trip into a memorable act of kindness.

D. On a humid Saturday morning, I walked through the bustling market when a sudden downpour drenched the stalls. I heard a child's cry as a little boy slipped on the slick tiles and fell into a puddle. I helped him up and gave him my umbrella. The vendor quickly covered his goods with tarpaulins. By the time the rain stopped, the market was quiet and the boy's mother thanked me. The storm turned a routine shopping trip into a memorable act of kindness.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18 View Details

Complete the two sentences with the most appropriate idioms. 1. Even though the project faced many setbacks, the team decided to ___ and completed it on time. 2. When the manager announced the sudden change, the employees were left ___, unsure of what to do next.

A. give up; at a loss

B. press on; at a loss

Correct C. keep at it; at a loss

D. keep at it; in a bind

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19 View Details

Write a short argumentative paragraph of about 100 words stating your position on whether school uniforms should be mandatory in secondary schools. Provide one supporting reason, acknowledge one counter‑argument, refute it, and end with a clear recommendation.

Correct A. School uniforms should be mandatory in secondary schools because they promote equality among students and reduce distractions caused by fashion competition. Critics argue that uniforms suppress individuality and impose additional costs on families. However, the modest expense of a basic uniform set is far lower than the cumulative cost of daily clothing trends, and schools can provide subsidies for low‑income pupils. Therefore, I recommend that the Ministry of Education enforce a uniform policy, ensuring that all schools adopt affordable, culturally appropriate attire, which will foster a focused learning environment while respecting students' rights.

B. School uniforms should not be mandatory in secondary schools because they create a false sense of conformity and ignore cultural diversity. While proponents claim uniforms reduce bullying, research indicates that bullying often shifts to other areas such as academic performance or personal traits. The added expense of purchasing specific garments also strains low‑income families, who must allocate limited resources to meet dress codes. Instead of imposing a one‑size‑fits‑all policy, schools should encourage respectful attire guidelines that allow students to express their identities. Therefore, I recommend that education policymakers reject compulsory uniforms and adopt inclusive dress standards.

C. School uniforms should not be mandatory in secondary schools because they limit students' self‑expression and place an unnecessary financial burden on families. Critics claim that uniforms foster discipline, but this benefit is outweighed by the loss of personal identity and the expense of purchasing specific attire. Moreover, schools can achieve a focused learning environment through clear dress codes without imposing a uniform policy. Therefore, I recommend that schools adopt a flexible dress code that respects individuality while maintaining decorum, rather than enforcing a compulsory uniform.

D. School uniforms should not be compulsory in secondary schools since they hinder students' ability to develop personal style and critical thinking about appearance. Advocates argue that uniforms eliminate fashion competition, yet this merely masks underlying socioeconomic gaps without addressing them. Moreover, the cost of uniform sets can be prohibitive for families already facing financial hardship, leading to hidden inequities. Schools can achieve a focused learning environment by enforcing clear, modest dress codes rather than a rigid uniform requirement. Consequently, I suggest that the Ministry of Education promote flexible dress policies that respect individuality while maintaining school decorum.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20 View Details

Identify the part of speech of the underlined word in the sentence: "The committee will **review** the applications tomorrow."

A. noun (singular)

B. adjective (comparative)

Correct C. verb (base form)

D. verb (past tense)

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21 View Details

Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the most appropriate single word. When the government announced the new tax policy, many small‑business owners felt ______. While some argued that the increase was inevitable, others believed it would ______ their ability to hire staff. In the weeks that followed, the chambers of commerce organized a series of meetings to ______ the concerns of the entrepreneurs. Ultimately, the policy was ______ amended after intense lobbying.

A. skeptical, boost, consider, largely

Correct B. apprehensive, undermine, address, partially

C. confident, hamper, discuss, fully

D. optimistic, strengthen, ignore, completely

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22 View Details

Complete the sentence with the idiom that best fits the context. Even though the project was behind schedule, the team decided to ______ and finish it on time.

A. press on

B. give up

C. carry on

Correct D. pull together

Correct Answer: D

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Question 23 View Details

Read the passage and supply the missing words. Deforestation has become a pressing problem in many tropical countries. When trees are cut down at an unsustainable rate, the soil loses its ______, leading to erosion and loss of fertility. Moreover, the reduction in forest cover diminishes the planet's capacity to ______ carbon dioxide, exacerbating global warming. Governments therefore need to implement policies that ______ reforestation and ______ sustainable logging practices.

Correct A. structure, absorb, promote, enforce

B. stability, retain, support, regulate

C. integrity, sequester, facilitate, sanction

D. nutrients, emit, discourage, ignore

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24 View Details

Complete the sentence with the most suitable conjunctive adverb. She had studied hard for the exam; ______, she still failed to achieve a passing grade.

A. consequently

B. still

Correct C. nevertheless

D. however

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25 View Details

Write a short argumentative paragraph (80‑100 words) on the following statement: "Technology has either weakened or strengthened students' critical‑thinking abilities. State your position and give two supporting reasons."

A. I contend that technology has strengthened students' critical‑thinking skills, but for the wrong reasons. First, the constant availability of interactive games and quizzes keeps learners engaged, yet this engagement stems more from entertainment value than from genuine analytical practice. Second, instant feedback from automated grading systems provides quick answers, which can give the illusion of mastery without requiring students to independently evaluate or synthesize information. While motivation may increase, these factors do not truly cultivate the deeper reasoning processes essential for critical thinking.

B. I maintain that technology has had little impact on students' critical‑thinking skills. First, many learners still rely on traditional classroom instruction and textbook reading, which remain the primary drivers of analytical development. Second, digital resources are typically used as supplementary aids rather than core components of reasoning exercises, so they do not fundamentally alter how students assess arguments or evidence. Consequently, the presence of technology neither significantly strengthens nor weakens critical‑thinking abilities.

C. I argue that technology has weakened students' critical‑thinking abilities. First, the ease of searching for information on the internet encourages learners to accept facts without scrutinising sources, reducing the practice of evaluating evidence. Second, constant exposure to multitasking environments—such as switching between apps and notifications—fragments attention and hampers the deep, sustained analysis required for sound reasoning. Although digital tools can be useful, their overuse often leads to superficial processing rather than the development of robust analytical skills.

Correct D. I contend that technology has strengthened students' critical‑thinking skills. First, access to a vast array of digital resources encourages learners to compare differing viewpoints, analyse evidence, and synthesize information, which are core critical‑thinking processes. Second, interactive platforms such as simulations and problem‑solving apps require students to apply concepts in varied contexts, fostering deeper understanding and the ability to evaluate outcomes. While misuse of technology can lead to superficial browsing, when guided appropriately it equips learners with the analytical tools necessary for the modern world.

Correct Answer: D

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