Practice neco model questions vol1 civic_education 2018 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

In a constitutional amendment referendum, \(30\) million registered voters are eligible to vote. The amendment requires (i) at least 50 % voter turnout and (ii) at least two‑thirds of the votes cast to be in favour. If \(48\%\) of the registered voters turned out and \(66\%\) of those who turned out voted in favour, does the amendment pass? Answer "Yes" or "No".

A. Yes

Correct B. No

C. Yes - passes

D. Yes (passes)

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2 View Details

State A has a population of \(5\) million and is allocated \(10\) seats in the national assembly. State B has a population of \(3\) million and is allocated \(8\) seats. Which state enjoys a higher representation per seat (i.e., fewer people per seat), and what is the ratio of the higher representation to the lower representation expressed as a simplified fraction? Provide your answer in the form "State X, a:b".

Correct A. State B, 4/3

B. State B, 3/4

C. State A, 4/3

D. State A, 3/4

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3 View Details

The number of reported cult‑related incidents was \(120\) in 2015 and increased to \(210\) in 2020. Assuming the growth follows an exponential model \(N(t)=N_0 e^{rt}\) where \(t\) is the number of years after 2015, estimate the number of incidents expected in 2025. Based on your estimate, will the number exceed 350? Answer "Yes" or "No".

A. Negative

Correct B. Yes

C. Nope

D. No

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4 View Details

A community drug‑rehabilitation programme costs a fixed ₦5 million plus ₦30 000 per participant. Incarcerating an offender costs ₦200 000 per year per person. Determine the minimum integer number of participants for which the total cost of the rehabilitation programme is less than the total incarceration cost for the same number of offenders for one year. Provide the smallest such number of participants.

A. 40

Correct B. 30

C. 25

D. 35

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5 View Details

In a peace‑building initiative, two mediation strategies are employed sequentially. Strategy A succeeds with probability 0.45. If Strategy A fails, Strategy B is applied and succeeds with probability 0.60. What is the overall probability that the conflict is resolved by the end of the process? Give your answer as a decimal rounded to two decimal places.

A. 0.68

B. 0.75

Correct C. 0.78

D. 0.82

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6 View Details

On 1 January 2020, Parliament enacted the Cybercrime Act, which criminalises the use of any social media platform to spread false information, with a penalty of up to five years imprisonment. The Act states that it applies to any act committed "on or after" the date of its enactment. A journalist posted a false statement on Twitter on 15 December 2019. He was charged under the Act on 10 January 2020. According to the principle of the rule of law that prohibits retroactive criminal legislation, is the prosecution of the journalist lawful? State your answer as "Yes" or "No" and give a brief justification.

A. No - the penalty is excessive, violating the principle of proportionality.

B. Yes - the Act's wording 'on or after' includes conduct that began before the enactment date.

Correct C. No - the law cannot be applied retroactively to an act committed before it was enacted.

D. Yes - the journalist's actions occurred after the law was enacted, making prosecution permissible.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7 View Details

A student finds a wallet containing ₦5,000 on the school grounds and returns it to its owner without taking any money. Which core civic value does this behaviour most clearly demonstrate? Provide the single word answer.

Correct A. Honesty

B. Responsibility

C. Integrity

D. Compassion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8 View Details

In a local government area there are 12,000 registered voters. For a referendum to be valid, at least \(45\%\) of registered voters must cast a valid vote. In the first round, 4,800 voters turned out. Because the turnout was below the required threshold, a second round is allowed, but the turnout in the second round must be at least \(10\%\) higher than the first‑round turnout. What is the minimum number of voters that must turn out in the second round for the referendum to be valid? Give your answer as an integer.

A. 5280

B. 5000

C. 5600

Correct D. 5400

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9 View Details

The speed limit in a residential area is \(50\ \text{km/h}\). A driver travels a \(5\ \text{km}\) stretch in \(4\) minutes. Police impose a fine according to the following schedule:\n\n- Excess speed up to \(20\ \text{km/h}\): fine \(₦5{,}000\).\n- Excess speed between \(21\) and \(40\ \text{km/h}\): fine \(₦10{,}000\).\n- Excess speed above \(40\ \text{km/h}\): fine \(₦20{,}000\) plus an additional \(₦1{,}000\) for each kilometre per hour over \(40\ \text{km/h}\).\n\nThe driver currently has \(3\) demerit points. If the offence adds \(5\) more points, a licence is suspended when the total exceeds \(12\) points.\n\nDetermine: (a) the driver's excess speed (in km/h); (b) the monetary fine; (c) whether the driver's licence will be suspended after the additional points. Provide your answer in the format: "Excess speed = ___ km/h; Fine = ₦___; Licence suspended: Yes/No."

A. Excess speed = 35 km\/h; Fine = ₦20,000; Licence suspended: No

B. Excess speed = 20 km\/h; Fine = ₦5,000; Licence suspended: No

Correct C. Excess speed = 25 km/h; Fine = ₦10,000; Licence suspended: No

D. Excess speed = 30 km\/h; Fine = ₦10,000; Licence suspended: Yes

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10 View Details

The Constitution guarantees the right to freedom of peaceful assembly. A law requires that any public assembly of more than \(50\) persons obtain a police permit at least \(48\) hours before the event. The police may refuse the permit if they consider the assembly may "disrupt public order". A group of \(120\) citizens plan a peaceful protest and apply for a permit \(72\) hours before the event. The police refuse, citing a potential disruption of public order.\n\nAssess whether the police's refusal complies with the constitutional right to freedom of assembly, using the criteria of legality, necessity and proportionality. Answer "Yes" if the refusal is consistent with the Constitution, otherwise answer "No", and give a brief justification.

Correct A. No - the refusal is not lawful, necessary or proportionate and thus violates the constitutional right to peaceful assembly.

B. Yes - the requirement of a 48‑hour notice and police discretion satisfies the constitutional criteria, so the refusal complies with the right to assembly.

C. Yes - the police may refuse permits when they anticipate a threat to public order, making the refusal lawful, necessary and proportionate.

D. No - the refusal is lawful because the assembly exceeds the permitted size and requires prior police approval.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11 View Details

In a survey of 1,200 citizens about national symbols, \(68\%\) said the flag is the most important symbol, \(45\%\) said the national anthem is the most important, and \(30\%\) said both the flag and the anthem are equally most important. What percentage of respondents consider either the flag or the anthem as the most important, but not both?

A. 73%

Correct B. 53%

C. 38%

D. 58%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12 View Details

In a constituency with 800,000 eligible voters, \(60\%\) turned out to vote. Of those who voted, \(55\%\) supported Party A and \(30\%\) supported Party B. To win a majority, Party A must receive votes from at least \(35\%\) of all eligible voters. Did Party A achieve this threshold? State the percentage of eligible voters who voted for Party A.

Correct A. No, 33%

B. No, 30%

C. Yes, 33%

D. No, 35%

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13 View Details

A local council has 12 seats to be allocated among three districts whose populations are 15,000; 18,000; and 15,000 respectively. Seats are distributed using the largest remainder method with a quota equal to the total population divided by the number of seats. How many seats does each district receive?

Correct A. Each district receives 4 seats

B. Each district receives 3 seats

C. Each district receives 5 seats

D. Each district receives 6 seats

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14 View Details

A local government's annual budget is \(\text{₦}120\) million. Forty percent is allocated to health, 25 percent to education, and the remainder to other services. Within the health allocation, 30 percent funds hospitals and 70 percent funds preventive programmes. If the preventive‑programme budget is increased by 10 percent of its original amount, what is the new percentage of the total budget that goes to preventive programmes?

A. 35.2%

B. 28.5%

C. 32.0%

Correct D. 30.8%

Correct Answer: D

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Question 15 View Details

A citizen has \(168\) hours in a week. They spend 40 hours on work, 15 hours on school, and 10 hours on household chores. They wish to allocate at least \(5\%\) of their total weekly time to civic responsibilities (volunteering, community meetings, etc.). What is the minimum number of hours they must devote to civic responsibilities, and does a current allocation of 6 hours meet this target?

A. At least 8.4 hours; 6 hours meets the target

Correct B. At least 8.4 hours; 6 hours does not meet the target

C. At least 9.0 hours; 6 hours does not meet the target

D. At least 7.5 hours; 6 hours does not meet the target

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16 View Details

University X has a total enrolment of \(12{,}000\) students. An investigation revealed that \(3\%\) of the students were involved in cult activities. First‑year students constitute \(25\%\) of the total enrolment. Of the students involved in cult activities, \(40\%\) are first‑year students. The university policy on cultism is: - If overall involvement is less than \(2\%\), provide counselling. - If overall involvement is between \(2\%\) and \(5\%\) (inclusive), suspend all student clubs for one semester. - If overall involvement exceeds \(5\%\), close the campus for one week and refer the case to law enforcement. Additionally, if the proportion of first‑year students involved exceeds \(10\%\) of the first‑year cohort, those first‑year offenders are expelled. What action should the university take regarding the student clubs?

Correct A. Suspend all student clubs for one semester

B. Close the campus for one week and refer the case to law enforcement

C. Expel the first‑year offenders

D. Provide counselling

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17 View Details

Citizen A has \(168\) hours available in a week. She allocates her time as follows: work \(40\) h, education \(10\) h, family \(30\) h, religious activities \(8\) h, and civic duties consisting of volunteering \(5\) h, voting preparation \(2\) h, and attending a community meeting \(3\) h. The National Civic Participation Guidelines recommend that a full‑time worker should devote at least \(6\%\) of total weekly time to civic duties. Does Citizen A meet the recommended minimum? Show your calculation and state Yes or No.

Correct A. No

B. Yes

C. Partially

D. Insufficient data

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18 View Details

Article 21 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) guarantees the right of peaceful assembly. A national law states that any public demonstration must obtain a permit, and permits are granted only if the organiser has a clean criminal record and the demonstration is limited to no more than \(50\) participants. Using the three‑part test of (i) legality, (ii) necessity, and (iii) proportionality, assess whether this law is consistent with the right to peaceful assembly under ICCPR Article 21. Provide a brief conclusion (Consistent / Inconsistent).

Correct A. Inconsistent

B. Undetermined

C. Partially consistent

D. Consistent

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19 View Details

In State Y, traffic offences carry the following demerit points: speeding - \(3\) points, running a red light - \(4\) points, driving without a seat‑belt - \(2\) points. Accumulating \(12\) or more points within a two‑year period results in a six‑month licence suspension. Driver B received two speeding violations, one red‑light violation, and one driving‑without‑seat‑belt violation over an \(18\)-month period. After the first three offences (the two speeding and the red‑light), Driver B completed a defensive‑driving course that reduces the total points accrued up to that moment by \(20\%\) (rounded down to the nearest whole point) before the final offence is recorded. Will Driver B's licence be suspended? Answer Yes or No and explain briefly.

Correct A. No

B. Maybe

C. Possibly

D. Yes

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20 View Details

The national budget for the fiscal year is ₦\(2{,}500\) billion. Allocation guidelines require the following minimum percentages: Health - \(15\%\), Education - \(20\%\), Infrastructure - \(25\%\), Security - \(10\%\). After allocating these minimum amounts, the remaining funds are to be divided equally among the five other sectors: Agriculture, Water, Housing, Transport, and Communication. How much (in ₦ billion) is allocated to each of the five remaining sectors? Provide the amount as a number.

A. 160

B. 125

C. 130

Correct D. 150

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21 View Details

During a constitutional amendment session, 96 of the 109 senators and 300 of the 360 representatives are present. The Constitution requires at least \(\frac{2}{3}\) of the members present and voting in each house to approve an amendment, and also a majority of the total membership of both houses combined. How many affirmative votes are needed in the Senate and in the House of Representatives respectively, and what is the minimum total number of affirmative votes across both houses that satisfies the overall majority condition?

A. Senate: 63 affirmative votes; House of Representatives: 200 affirmative votes; Minimum total across both houses: 263

Correct B. Senate: 64 affirmative votes; House of Representatives: 200 affirmative votes; Minimum total across both houses: 264

C. Senate: 64 affirmative votes; House of Representatives: 200 affirmative votes; Minimum total across both houses: 260

D. Senate: 64 affirmative votes; House of Representatives: 199 affirmative votes; Minimum total across both houses: 263

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22 View Details

A community evaluates three conflict‑resolution mechanisms - Mediation, Arbitration and Community Court - on three criteria: Speed (weight 0.4), Fairness (weight 0.35) and Cost‑efficiency (weight 0.25). The scores (out of 100) are:\n\nMediation: Speed 78, Fairness 85, Cost 90;\nArbitration: Speed 85, Fairness 80, Cost 70;\nCommunity Court: Speed 70, Fairness 90, Cost 60.\n\nThe overall effectiveness of a mechanism is the weighted sum of its three scores. Because of budget limits the community can adopt only two mechanisms, and the combined overall effectiveness (average of the two mechanisms' scores) must be at least 80. Which pair(s) of mechanisms satisfy this condition and what is the combined effectiveness score for each qualifying pair?

A. Mediation and Community Court - combined effectiveness 78.98

Correct B. Mediation and Arbitration - combined effectiveness 81.48

C. Mediation and Arbitration - combined effectiveness 80.00

D. Arbitration and Community Court - combined effectiveness 77.00

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23 View Details

According to the Nigerian Constitution, which fundamental right guarantees every citizen the ability to travel freely within the country?

A. Right to education

B. Freedom of speech

C. Right to peaceful assembly

Correct D. Freedom of movement

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24 View Details

Name three core values that are actively promoted by the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) programme in Nigeria.

Correct A. Discipline, Patriotism, Unity

B. Hard work, Honesty, Teamwork

C. Integrity, Leadership, Service

D. Respect, Accountability, Innovation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25 View Details

The Nigerian flag consists of three vertical stripes: green, white, green. Each green stripe is 2 units wide, the white stripe is 1 unit wide, the flag's total length is 5 units and its height is 3 units. What fraction of the flag's total area is occupied by the green colour? Express your answer in lowest terms.

A. \(\frac{3}{5}\)

B. \(\frac{5}{6}\)

Correct C. \(\frac{4}{5}\)

D. \(\frac{2}{3}\)

Correct Answer: C

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