Practice neco civic_education 2024 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

In a mixed‑member proportional electoral system, the legislature has 120 seats: 80 constituency seats filled by first‑past‑the‑post and 40 list seats used to achieve overall proportionality based on the party vote. Three parties obtain the following shares of the party vote: Party A \(45\\%\), Party B \(35\\%\), Party C \(20\\%\). In the constituency elections Party A wins 50 seats, Party B wins 25 seats and Party C wins 5 seats. How many list seats does each party receive, and what are the final total seats for each party?

Correct A. Party A receives 4 list seats (total 54 seats); Party B receives 17 list seats (total 42 seats); Party C receives 19 list seats (total 24 seats).

B. Party A receives 6 list seats (total 56 seats); Party B receives 15 list seats (total 40 seats); Party C receives 19 list seats (total 24 seats).

C. Party A receives 5 list seats (total 55 seats); Party B receives 16 list seats (total 41 seats); Party C receives 19 list seats (total 24 seats).

D. Party A receives 4 list seats (total 54 seats); Party B receives 18 list seats (total 43 seats); Party C receives 18 list seats (total 23 seats).

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2 View Details

A public official can accept a monetary bribe of amount \(X\) naira. The official must pay income tax of 30\% on any illicit income, and the probability of being detected is modeled by \(p = 0.05 + 0.001\\times\\frac{X}{1000}\). If detected, the official must pay a fine equal to twice the bribe amount. Assuming the official wants to maximise the expected net gain after tax and expected fine, and that \(X\) can be any multiple of 1,000 naira between 0 and 100,000 naira, what bribe amount maximises the expected net gain and what is that maximum expected net gain (in naira)?

A. Bribe amount = 80,000 naira; maximum expected net gain = 32,000 naira.

B. Bribe amount = 100,000 naira; maximum expected net gain = 35,000 naira.

C. Bribe amount = 90,000 naira; maximum expected net gain = 36,000 naira.

Correct D. Bribe amount = 100,000 naira; maximum expected net gain = 40,000 naira.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3 View Details

In a country, 60\% of the population speak English, 40\% speak Hausa, and 35\% speak Yoruba. The percentages of people who speak both English and Hausa, English and Yoruba, and Hausa and Yoruba are 20\%, 15\%, and 10\% respectively, and 5\% speak all three languages. Using the principle of inclusion-exclusion, determine (a) the percentage of the population that speaks at least one of these three languages, and (b) the percentage that speaks none of them.

A. At least one language: 90\\%; none: 10\\%.

Correct B. At least one language: 95\%; none: 5\%.

C. At least one language: 85\\%; none: 15\\%.

D. At least one language: 100\\%; none: 0\\%.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4 View Details

To amend the constitution, a proposal must first be passed by at least two‑thirds of the members of the National Assembly, which has 360 members, and then be approved in a national referendum. The referendum requires at least 60\% of the votes cast to be in favour, and the number of favourable votes must also be at least 40\% of the total registered voters (30 million). A proposal receives 210 votes in the Assembly, and in the referendum 12 million votes are cast, of which 7.5 million are in favour. Does the amendment succeed? Justify your answer.

A. Yes. The proposal received 210 Assembly votes, and the referendum's 7.5 million favourable votes constitute more than the required share of registered voters, therefore the amendment passes.

B. Yes. Although the Assembly vote fell short, the referendum achieved the required majority, and under the constitution the referendum result alone can approve an amendment.

Correct C. No. The proposal obtained only 210 Assembly votes, fewer than the required 240 (two‑thirds). Hence the amendment fails.

D. Yes. The proposal obtained 210 votes in the Assembly, which meets the two‑thirds requirement of 240 votes, so the amendment succeeds.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5 View Details

A cult starts 2022 with 500 members. Each month it recruits new members equal to 8\% of its current membership and loses members equal to 5\% of its current membership due to attrition. Starting in July 2022, a government intervention halves the recruitment rate to 4\% while the attrition rate remains 5\%. Assuming changes occur at the end of each month, calculate the membership size at the end of December 2022. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.

A. 560

B. 562

Correct C. 561

D. 570

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6 View Details

Under the Nigerian Criminal Code, a person convicted of cult membership is fined N\(200{,}000\). The law allows a reduction of \(25\%\) of the outstanding fine for each full year of community service completed, applied successively. If the offender completes two full years of community service, what is the amount of fine that remains to be paid?

A. N125,000

Correct B. N112,500

C. N100,000

D. N150,000

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7 View Details

Define the term "integrity" as it is understood in the context of personal values.

A. Integrity is the measure of one's physical strength and endurance in challenging situations.

B. Integrity denotes the level of intelligence and analytical skill a person applies when solving problems.

C. Integrity refers to the ability to adapt quickly to changing circumstances and maintain flexibility in personal goals.

Correct D. Integrity is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles, consistently doing what is right and aligning one's actions with one's stated values.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8 View Details

State one practical way a student can demonstrate respect for cultural diversity in a secondary school setting.

A. Criticize classmates' cultural practices during school assemblies.

Correct B. Join a cultural‑diversity club and share information about his own heritage during its activities.

C. Refuse to attend any school events that celebrate cultural diversity.

D. Avoid interacting with students from different cultural backgrounds and keep to his own group.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9 View Details

In a public secondary school, a student is prohibited from wearing his traditional tribal attire during the school assembly, despite the attire being part of his cultural heritage. According to the 1999 Nigerian Constitution, which fundamental right is most directly infringed, and what legal remedy is available to the student?

A. Right to equal protection under the law; the student may apply for a High Court order compelling the school to provide traditional attire.

B. Right to freedom of religion (belief); the student may file a petition to the Supreme Court for a stay of the rule's enforcement.

Correct C. Right to freedom of expression (cultural expression); the student may seek a High Court declaration that the rule is unconstitutional and an injunction to stop its enforcement.

D. Right to privacy; the student may seek a High Court declaration that the rule infringes his personal liberty and claim damages.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10 View Details

On a highway with a speed limit of \(80\) km/h, a driver is recorded traveling at \(105\) km/h. The traffic law stipulates that for every kilometre per hour above the limit, the driver receives 2 demerit points, and a fine of N5,000 is imposed for each full 5 km/h excess. The driver already has 8 demerit points from previous offences. Determine (a) the total number of demerit points after this offence, (b) whether the driver's licence should be suspended (suspension occurs when the cumulative points exceed 12), and (c) the total monetary fine payable for this offence.

A. (a) 58 points; (b) licence not suspended; (c) N25,000

Correct B. (a) 58 points; (b) licence suspended; (c) N25,000

C. (a) 58 points; (b) licence suspended; (c) N20,000

D. (a) 50 points; (b) licence suspended; (c) N25,000

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11 View Details

Given that \(70\%\) of citizens fulfill the responsibility of voting, \(55\%\) fulfill paying taxes, and \(40\%\) fulfill community service, and assuming independence, what proportion of citizens fulfill exactly two of these three responsibilities? Express your answer as a percentage to one decimal place.

A. 45.0\%

Correct B. 42.3\%

C. 39.2\%

D. 38.5\%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12 View Details

In a parliamentary election four parties received the following votes: Party A \(340{,}000\), Party B \(260{,}000\), Party C \(150{,}000\), and Party D \(90{,}000\). Using the D'Hondt method to allocate \(10\) seats, how many seats does each party obtain?

Correct A. A: 4, B: 3, C: 2, D: 1

B. A: 3, B: 3, C: 3, D: 1

C. A: 4, B: 4, C: 1, D: 1

D. A: 5, B: 2, C: 2, D: 1

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13 View Details

In a civil service of \(800\) employees, \(60\%\) attended a leadership training, \(45\%\) attended a technical training, and \(25\%\) attended an ethics training. The overlaps are: \(30\%\) attended both leadership and technical, \(15\%\) attended leadership and ethics, \(12\%\) attended technical and ethics, and \(10\%\) attended all three trainings. How many employees attended at least one of the trainings?

Correct A. 664

B. 744

C. 504

D. 584

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14 View Details

State one fundamental duty of a Nigerian citizen as stipulated in the Constitution.

Correct A. To pay taxes honestly and promptly.

B. To serve in the national armed forces when called upon.

C. To vote in every election.

D. To respect the symbols of the nation.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15 View Details

In a recent election there were \(1{,}200{,}000\) registered voters. Urban voters made up \(60\%\) of the electorate and had a turnout of \(55\%\); rural voters made up \(40\%\) and had a turnout of \(70\%\). Of all voters who turned out, \(48\%\) voted for Party X. How many votes did Party X receive?

A. 366,000

B. 576,000

C. 329,400

Correct D. 351,360

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16 View Details

A citizen allocates weekly hours to three civic responsibilities: voting (\(2\) hours per election year), community service (\(3\) hours per month), and staying informed (\(1\) hour per day). In a year that includes an election, calculate the total hours spent on these responsibilities. Then, if the citizen wants to increase the total yearly civic‑responsibility hours by \(20\%\) by adding a new responsibility that requires a fixed number of hours each week, how many hours per week must the new activity require? Express your answer to the nearest tenth of an hour.

A. 1.7

B. 1.5

C. 2.0

Correct D. 1.6

Correct Answer: D

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Question 17 View Details

In a community, two peace committees operate. Committee A resolves \(70\%\) of the conflicts it handles and handles twice as many conflicts as Committee B. Committee B resolves \(85\%\) of its conflicts. Together they resolve a total of \(225\) conflicts in a year.\n(a) How many conflicts does each committee handle?\n(b) After a training programme, Committee B's success rate rises by \(5\) percentage points while Committee A's handling capacity drops by \(10\%\). Assuming the total number of conflicts handled by the two committees together remains unchanged, how many conflicts will be resolved in total after the changes?

A. 240

Correct B. 234

C. 225

D. 210

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18 View Details

The electorate of a country is divided into three age groups: 18‑30 (\(30\%\) of voters), 31‑50 (\(45\%\)), and 51+ (\(25\%\)). Their respective voter turn‑out rates are \(60\%\), \(75\%\) and \(85\%\).\n(a) What is the overall voter‑turnout percentage?\n(b) If a civic‑education campaign raises the turnout of the youngest group by \(10\) percentage points (to \(70\%\)) while the other groups remain unchanged, what is the new overall turnout percentage?

A. 78\%

B. 82\%

C. 71\%

Correct D. 76\%

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19 View Details

A study of 1,000 youths finds that \(40\%\) have used drugs. Among drug users, \(35\%\) have a family history of substance abuse; among non‑users, \(10\%\) have such a history. Overall, \(20\%\) of the youths have a family history.\n(a) Given that a youth has a family history, what is the probability that they are a drug user?\n(b) A prevention programme reduces the probability of drug use among youths with a family history by \(25\%\) (relative reduction). Assuming the probability for youths without a family history remains unchanged, what is the new overall proportion of drug users in the population? Express your answer as a percentage to one decimal place.

A. 34.2\%

Correct B. 36.5\%

C. 31.5\%

D. 38.0\%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20 View Details

In a class of \(30\) students, \(18\) are Nigerian citizens, \(7\) hold dual citizenship, and the rest are non‑citizens. How many non‑citizens are in the class?

A. 4

Correct B. 5

C. 9

D. 6

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21 View Details

In a community of 12,000 eligible voters, the turnout for a local election was \(68\%\). Among those who voted, \(55\%\) supported candidate A. To be declared elected, a candidate must receive at least \(40\%\) of the total eligible voters. Did candidate A meet the requirement?

A. Yes, candidate A meets the required 40\% of the total eligible voters.

B. Yes, candidate A receives more than 40\% of the total eligible voters.

C. No, candidate A obtains exactly 40\% of the total eligible voters.

Correct D. No, candidate A fails to obtain the required 40\% of the total eligible voters.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22 View Details

The constitution guarantees freedom of expression but permits restriction if speech \(\text{incites violence}\). A newspaper publishes a satirical article criticizing government policy. A survey shows that \(30\%\) of readers felt offended, while only \(5\%\) said they felt motivated to act violently. Using the reasonable limits test, is the government's restriction of the article justified?

Correct A. No, the restriction is not justified because the article does not demonstrably incite violence.

B. Yes, the restriction is justified since the article could potentially motivate violent action.

C. No, the restriction is not justified, but only because any limitation on speech is prohibited by the constitution.

D. Yes, the restriction is justified because the article offended many readers.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23 View Details

Parliament has 150 members. A bill is passed and sent to the President, who vetoes it. To override the veto, at least two‑thirds of the members must vote in favour. In the override vote, 90 members voted for the override. Did the override succeed?

A. No, the override failed because at least 110 votes were required.

Correct B. No, the override did not succeed because it fell short of the required 100 votes.

C. Yes, the override succeeded since a simple majority of 90 votes is sufficient.

D. Yes, the override succeeded because 90 votes met the two‑thirds requirement.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24 View Details

To amend the constitution, the following steps are required: (i) at least two‑thirds majority in both House A (120 members) and House B (80 members); (ii) a national referendum with at least 50\% voter turnout and at least 60\% of votes cast in favour. The votes recorded are: House A - 85 yes, 35 no; House B - 55 yes, 25 no; Referendum - 1,000,000 registered voters, 480,000 turned out, of which 62\% voted yes. Did the amendment pass?

A. No, the amendment fails because House B only achieved a 55\\% yes vote, which is below the required two‑thirds majority.

Correct B. No, the amendment fails because the referendum turnout was only 48\%, below the required 50\%.

C. Yes, the amendment passes because both houses achieved the required two‑thirds majority and the referendum had a 62\\% approval rate.

D. No, the amendment fails because only 62\\% of the votes cast were in favour, which is below the required 60\\%.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25 View Details

In a district election three parties obtain the following vote shares: Party X 40\%, Party Y 35\%, Party Z 25\%. (a) Under first‑past‑the‑post, which party wins the seat? (b) If the district elects five seats using the largest‑remainder proportional representation method, how many seats does each party receive?

Correct A. (a) Party X. (b) Party X - 2 seats, Party Y - 2 seats, Party Z - 1 seat.

B. (a) Party X. (b) Party X - 2 seats, Party Y - 1 seat, Party Z - 2 seats.

C. (a) Party Y. (b) Party X - 3 seats, Party Y - 1 seat, Party Z - 1 seat.

D. (a) Party Z. (b) Party X - 1 seat, Party Y - 3 seats, Party Z - 1 seat.

Correct Answer: A

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