Practice neco islamic_religious_studies 2021 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

A merchant discovers that a shipment he purchased contains a small amount of prohibited (haram) substance mixed with permissible (halal) goods. He can either (i) sell the entire shipment and keep the profit, or (ii) separate the haram part, discard it, and sell only the halal portion, which will reduce his profit by 30%. According to the hierarchy of objectives (Maq\^{a}\c{s}id al‑Shar\={i}\text{\'a}) and the principle of avoiding harm (dar\={a}\text{\'a}), which option is permissible and why?

A. Option (i) - sell the entire shipment and keep the profit; this is permissible because the majority of the goods are halal.

B. Option (i) - keep the haram portion separate but sell it at a reduced price; this satisfies the hierarchy of objectives by minimizing loss.

C. Option (ii) - discard the haram part and sell only the halal portion; this is not allowed because it unnecessarily reduces profit, contrary to the principle of avoiding harm.

Correct D. Option (ii) - discard the haram part and sell only the halal portion; this complies with the hierarchy of objectives and the principle of avoiding harm.

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 2 View Details

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) migrated to Madinah in the month of Rabi\' al\-Awal, \(1\) AH (corresponding to September 622\,CE). The Battle of Badr occurred two lunar months later, in the month of Ramadan, \(1\) AH. Assuming each lunar month is exactly \(29.5\) days, determine the Gregorian month and year of the Battle of Badr.

Correct A. November 622 CE

B. October 622 CE

C. December 622 CE

D. January 623 CE

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 3 View Details

At the Battle of Badr, 70 companions fought. At the Battle of Uhud, 120 companions fought. Historical records indicate that 30 companions fought in both battles, and of those 30, 20 later migrated to Abyssinia. How many companions fought in at least one of the two battles but did not migrate to Abyssinia?

A. 170

B. 130

C. 150

Correct D. 140

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 4 View Details

Abu Bakr's reign lasted \(2\) years \(4\) months, Umar's reign \(10\) years \(1\) month, Uthman's reign \(12\) years \(5\) months, and the total period of the Rashidun Caliphate from Abu Bakr's accession (632\,CE) to Ali's death (661\,CE) was \(29\) years \(2\) months. What was the length of Ali's reign in years and months?

A. 4 years 5 months

B. 5 years 4 months

Correct C. 4 years 4 months

D. 3 years 4 months

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 5 View Details

According to Islamic inheritance law, a deceased man left an estate of \(120{,}000\) Naira. His heirs are: one wife, his mother, two sons and one daughter. The fixed shares are: wife \(\frac{1}{8}\) of the estate (since there are children), mother \(\frac{1}{6}\). The remaining estate is distributed among the children, where each son receives twice the share of the daughter. Calculate the daughter's share in Naira.

A. 18000

B. 21000

C. 14000

Correct D. 17000

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 6 View Details

The Abbasid Caliphate lasted from \(750\) CE to \(1258\) CE, the Fatimid Caliphate from \(909\) CE to \(1171\) CE, and the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba from \(756\) CE to \(1031\) CE. Determine the total number of years during which at least two of these dynasties existed simultaneously.

A. 413

B. 425

Correct C. 415

D. 416

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 7 View Details

Which Surah of the Qur'an is commonly called the "Heart of the Qur'an", and what is its chapter number?

A. Al-Baqarah (2)

B. Al-Mulk (67)

C. Al-Fatiha (1)

Correct D. Yasin (36)

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 8 View Details

In a contemporary issue of digital contract signing, the Qur'an and Sunnah give no explicit ruling. A scholar therefore resorts to analogy (\(qiy\=as\)) based on the Prophet's practice of written contracts. List the hierarchy of primary sources of Shariah in their order of authority and indicate which source supplies the ruling in this case.

A. Qur'an → Sunnah → Ijma' → Qiyās; ruling from Ijma'

B. Sunnah → Qur'an → Ijma' → Qiyās; ruling from Qiyās

Correct C. Qur'an → Sunnah → Ijma' → Qiyās; ruling from Qiyās

D. Qur'an → Sunnah → Qiyās → Ijma'; ruling from Qiyās

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 9 View Details

A merchant buys 200 kg of dates at ₦\(1200\) per kg. Five percent of the dates are spoiled and must be discarded. He sells the remaining dates at ₦\(1500\) per kg. Zakat is due at 2.5 % on the net profit after accounting for the spoiled portion. Calculate the amount of zakat the merchant must pay (in naira).

A. 1500

B. 1125

Correct C. 1425

D. 1710

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 10 View Details

Islam was introduced to the Ghana Empire around \(800\) CE, the Mali Empire was founded about \(1235\) CE, and the Songhai Empire rose to prominence in \(1493\) CE when Askia Muhammad seized power. Compute the average number of years between the successive milestones (Ghana → Mali and Mali → Songhai). Then state whether the historian's claim that this average interval is less than \(300\) years is correct.

A. 300 (claim false)

Correct B. 346.5 (claim false)

C. 346.5 (claim true)

D. 258 (claim false)

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 11 View Details

A teacher presents three statements about Allah. Identify the statement that contradicts the principle of Tawhid al‑Uluhiyyah (the oneness of worship).\n\nA) Allah is the sole creator of the heavens and the earth.\nB) Allah shares His lordship with other deities.\nC) Allah alone is worthy of worship.

A. Statement D: Allah is a mortal being.

B. Statement C: Allah alone is worthy of worship.

C. Statement A: Allah is the sole creator of the heavens and the earth.

Correct D. Statement B: Allah shares His lordship with other deities.

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 12 View Details

Four major Islamic dynasties are listed with their periods of uninterrupted rule (in CE):\n\n- Umayyad Caliphate: 661 - 750\n- Abbasid Caliphate: 750 - 1258\n- Ottoman Empire: 1299 - 1922\n- Mughal Empire: 1526 - 1857\n\nWhich dynasty ruled for the greatest number of years?

A. Umayyad Caliphate

Correct B. Ottoman Empire

C. Abbasid Caliphate

D. Mughal Empire

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 13 View Details

Who compiled the famous hadith collection known as \(\text{Sahih al‑Bukhari}\)?

A. Imam Muhammad al‑Tirmidhi

B. Imam Ahmad al‑Bukhari

Correct C. Imam Muhammad al‑Bukhari

D. Imam Abu al‑Bukhari

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 14 View Details

A Muslim plans to perform the five daily prayers within a 12‑hour window from Fajr to Isha. The interval between Fajr and Dhuhr is twice the interval between Dhuhr and Asr. The interval between Asr and Maghrib is 1 hour, and the interval between Maghrib and Isha is also 1 hour. How long (in hours and minutes) is the interval between Dhuhr and Asr?

Correct A. 3 hours 20 minutes

B. 3 hours 45 minutes

C. 4 hours 10 minutes

D. 2 hours 40 minutes

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 15 View Details

What is the name of the hadith collection compiled by Imam Muslim?

A. Jami' al-Tirmidhi

B. Sunan Abu Dawood

C. Sahih Bukhari

Correct D. Sahih Muslim

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 16 View Details

A Muslim investor holds \(2.5\) Bitcoin, each valued at \(\text{₦}3,200,000\), and has cash savings of \(\text{₦}12,000,000\). The investor also owes a debt of \(\text{₦}5,000,000\) that is due within the next year. The nisab for zakat is equivalent to 85 g of gold, valued at \(\text{₦}45,000,000\). Zakat is due at \(2.5\%\) on net zakatable assets (total assets minus immediate debts).\n\n(a) Determine whether the investor is obligated to pay zakat.\n(b) If zakat is obligatory, calculate the exact zakat amount (in naira, rounded to the nearest thousand).\n(c) After paying zakat, the investor wishes to allocate \(30\%\) of the remaining wealth to a charitable project that requires a minimum of \(\text{₦}10,000,000\). State whether the remaining wealth meets this requirement, and if not, specify the additional amount needed.

A. a) No, zakat is not obligatory; b) ₦0; c) Allocation = ₦5,000,000, shortfall = ₦5,000,000

Correct B. a) No, zakat is not obligatory; b) ₦0; c) Allocation = ₦4,500,000, shortfall = ₦5,500,000

C. a) Yes, zakat is obligatory; b) ₦375,000; c) Allocation = ₦3,825,000, shortfall = ₦6,175,000

D. a) Yes, zakat is obligatory; b) ₦500,000; c) Allocation = ₦4,500,000, shortfall = ₦5,500,000

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 17 View Details

In a standard printed Qur'an containing 604 pages, Surah Al‑Baqarah occupies 48 pages. If a student reads 5 pages each day, after how many full days will the student have completed reading Surah Al‑Baqarah? (Assume the student stops reading once the last page of the Surah is reached.)

Correct A. 10 days

B. 12 days

C. 11 days

D. 9 days

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 18 View Details

The Qur'an prohibits riba (interest). The Sunnah includes the Prophet's statement that any increase over the principal in a loan is forbidden. Scholars have used qiyās (analogical reasoning) to extend this prohibition to modern credit‑card charges that accrue interest on unpaid balances.\n\nA new digital lending platform charges a fixed service fee of \(5\%\) of the loan amount, payable regardless of how quickly the borrower repays. Using the steps of qiyās, determine whether this fixed fee is classified as riba. Provide a brief justification.

Correct A. Not riba; the fee is permissible because it is not time‑based.

B. Riba; the fee is prohibited because any additional charge on a loan is considered interest.

C. Riba; the fee is forbidden as it resembles usury despite being fixed.

D. Riba; the fee is considered interest since it is a percentage of the loan amount.

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 19 View Details

The reign periods of the Rightly Guided Caliphs are as follows:\n\n- Abu Bakr: \(632\)-\(634\)\n- Umar ibn al‑Khatṭāb: \(634\)-\(644\)\n- Uthmān ibn Affān: \(644\)-\(656\)\n- ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib: \(656\)-\(661\)\n\n(a) Calculate the total number of years the Rashidun Caliphate lasted (exclusive of the end year).\n(b) Identify which Caliph ruled for the greatest number of years.\n(c) What percentage of the total period does this longest reign represent? Express the answer to one decimal place.

Correct A. Total years = 29; Longest reign = Uthman ibn Affān (12 years); Percentage = 41.4\%

B. Total years = 30; Longest reign = Uthman ibn Affān (12 years); Percentage = 40.0\%

C. Total years = 29; Longest reign = Umar ibn al‑Khatṭāb (10 years); Percentage = 34.5\%

D. Total years = 28; Longest reign = Uthman ibn Affān (12 years); Percentage = 42.9\%

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 20 View Details

Consider the following statements about a person's belief:\n\n1. The person believes in the existence of Allah.\n2. The person affirms that the Qur'an is the final revelation.\n3. The person accepts that the angels are created beings.\n4. The person denies the belief in the Day of Judgment.\n\nWhich of the six Articles of Faith (Iman) is NOT affirmed by this person?

A. Belief in the Qur'an

B. Belief in Allah

C. Belief in Angels

Correct D. Day of Judgment

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 21 View Details

A farmer harvested \(12{,}000\) kg of wheat. Zakat on agricultural produce is \(10\%\) if the produce is irrigated by artificial means, and \(5\%\) if it is rain‑fed. The farmer obtained \(7{,}000\) kg from rain‑fed fields and the remaining wheat from irrigated fields. The nisab for wheat is \(5{,}000\) kg. Determine the total amount of wheat on which zakat is payable and calculate the total zakat due (in kg).

A. Zakat is payable on the full 12,000 kg of wheat; total zakat due = 600 kg.

Correct B. Zakat is payable on the full 12,000 kg of wheat; total zakat due = 850 kg.

C. Zakat is payable on 7,000 kg of wheat; total zakat due = 350 kg.

D. Zakat is payable on 5,000 kg of wheat; total zakat due = 250 kg.

Correct Answer: B

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 22 View Details

A seller contracts to sell a piece of land for \(\text{₦}2{,}000{,}000\) payable in two installments: \(\text{₦}1{,}200{,}000\) on signing and the balance after one year. The contract includes a clause that if the buyer fails to pay the second installment on time, a penalty of \(5\%\) of the outstanding amount per month will be added. After a delay of three months, the buyer pays the outstanding amount together with the accrued penalty. (a) Is the penalty clause permissible under Islamic commercial law? (b) What total amount did the buyer actually pay for the land?

A. The penalty clause is not permissible because it creates uncertainty; the buyer ultimately paid \\\\(\\text{₦}2{,}130{,}000\\)

B. The penalty clause is permissible under Islamic law; the buyer ultimately paid \\\\(\\text{₦}2{,}125{,}000\\)

Correct C. The penalty clause is not permissible because it creates riba; the buyer ultimately paid \(\text{₦}2{,}120{,}000\).

D. The penalty clause is permissible as a legitimate compensation; the buyer ultimately paid \\\\(\\text{₦}2{,}115{,}000\\)

Correct Answer: C

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 23 View Details

List the four primary sources of Islamic law in their order of authority. Then, given that Imam Abu Hanifa died in the year \(767\) CE, determine the century (CE) in which the Hanafi school was founded.

Correct A. Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma', Qiyas; the Hanafi school was founded in the 8th century CE.

B. Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma', Qiyas; the Hanafi school was founded in the 9th century CE.

C. Qur'an, Sunnah, Qiyas, Ijma'; the Hanafi school was founded in the 8th century CE.

D. Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma', Qiyas; the Hanafi school was founded in the 7th century CE.

Correct Answer: A

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 24 View Details

State the name of the hadith collection compiled by Imam Muslim that is regarded as authentic.

A. Jami' al-Tirmidhi

B. Sunan Abu Dawood

C. Sahih al-Bukhari

Correct D. Sahih Muslim

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

Question 25 View Details

What is the Arabic name of the 36th surah of the Qur'an and how many verses does it contain?

A. Al‑Mulk, 30 verses

B. Al‑Ankabut, 69 verses

C. Ya‑Sin, 84 verses

Correct D. Ya‑Sin, 83 verses

Correct Answer: D

Want to see the full step-by-step solution? Unlock AI Explanation & Analytics

neco 2021 islamic_religious_studies | Objective

Master the Exam!

Help others prepare! Share this practice hub: