Practice neco government 2021 Past Questions | Edcrib

Question 1 View Details

Consider the National Assembly (200 members) and the Senate (80 members). A bill was passed with a simple majority in each house. In the Assembly, 120 members voted for the bill. In the Senate, 45 members voted for it. There are 30 individuals who serve on a special joint committee and therefore have voting rights in both houses, and they vote the same way in each house. What is the minimum possible number of distinct individuals who voted for the bill across the two houses?

A. 140

B. 130

C. 150

Correct D. 135

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2 View Details

After a bill passed the lower house (200 members) with 110 votes for and the upper house (100 members) with 55 votes for, the President vetoed it. To override the veto, at least two‑thirds of the members of each house must vote for the bill. Assuming all members who originally voted for the bill continue to support it, what is the minimum additional number of members that must change their vote from against to for in the lower house and in the upper house respectively to achieve the required two‑thirds majority?

A. 22 in the lower house and 13 in the upper house

B. 24 in the lower house and 10 in the upper house

Correct C. 24 in the lower house and 12 in the upper house

D. 26 in the lower house and 12 in the upper house

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3 View Details

In the International Monetary Fund, voting power is allocated as follows: Country A 30\%, Country B 25\%, Country C 20\%, Country D 15\%, Country E 10\%. A resolution requires at least 85\% of the total voting power to pass. Countries A and D form a coalition.\n\n(a) What is the minimum additional voting percentage that the coalition must obtain from the remaining countries (B, C, E) to reach the 85\% threshold?\n(b) Give one possible combination of the remaining countries that provides exactly that minimum additional percentage.

A. 35% additional, obtained by adding Countries C and E

B. 50% additional, obtained by adding Countries B and C

C. 40% additional, obtained by adding Countries B and E

Correct D. 45% additional, obtained by adding Countries B and C

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4 View Details

State one primary function of the legislative branch in a democratic system.

Correct A. Making laws

B. Representing constituents

C. Enforcing laws

D. Interpreting laws

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5 View Details

Nigeria is evaluating two trade agreements.\n\nAgreement X: reduces the tariff on imported machinery by 40\% of the existing rate and imposes a 5\% export tax on agricultural products.\n\nAgreement Y: imposes an additional 10\% import tariff on machinery (on top of the existing rate) and reduces the export tax on agricultural products by 30\% (the current export tax is zero).\n\nCurrently, Nigeria imports machinery worth \(\text{₦}200\) billion annually with a 20\% tariff and exports agricultural products worth \(\text{₦}150\) billion annually with no export tax. Assume the quantities remain unchanged and that tariffs are applied to the monetary value of the goods.\n\nWhich agreement results in a higher net change in government revenue, and what is that net change (in billions of naira)?

A. Agreement Y, which increases revenue by ₦10 billion

B. Agreement X, which increases revenue by ₦20 billion

C. Agreement X, which decreases revenue by ₦5 billion

Correct D. Agreement Y, which increases revenue by ₦20 billion

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6 View Details

A bill to restrict public assemblies requires a two‑thirds majority in both the House of Representatives (360 members) and the Senate (109 members) before it can be presented to the President. The President must give assent within 30 days; if he refuses, the Supreme Court may strike down the bill if it violates the constitutional right to peaceful assembly. In the recent vote, the House recorded 250 votes in favour, 100 against and 10 abstentions. The Senate recorded 70 votes in favour, 30 against and 9 abstentions. The President refused to sign the bill. Determine whether the bill becomes law.

A. Yes, the bill becomes law because the President's refusal can be overridden.

B. No, the bill becomes law after the Supreme Court upholds it.

Correct C. No, the bill does not become law.

D. Yes, the bill becomes law.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7 View Details

In a mixed‑member proportional electoral system a parliament consists of 70 constituency seats and 30 list seats (total 100 seats). The election results are: Party X won 40 constituency seats and received 30 % of the national vote; Party Y won 20 constituency seats and received 45 % of the vote; Party Z won 10 constituency seats and received 25 % of the vote. List seats are allocated to bring each party's total seats as close as possible to its proportional share of the 100‑seat parliament. If a party already has more constituency seats than its proportional entitlement, the excess becomes over‑hang seats and the size of parliament increases accordingly. How many total seats will Party X occupy in the final parliament?

Correct A. 40

B. 50

C. 45

D. 30

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8 View Details

A cabinet of 9 members must be formed from a pool of 12 eligible legislators and 8 eligible judges. The President (who is one of the legislators) must be included. At least three legislators (including the President) must be in the cabinet and no more than two judges may be appointed. How many distinct cabinets can be formed under these conditions?

A. 41613

Correct B. 15741

C. 12936

D. 2640

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9 View Details

A new department must be staffed with a total of 120 employees consisting of supervisors (S) and officers (O). Each supervisor must supervise at least 2 officers but not more than 8 officers. Moreover, supervisors must constitute at least 10 % of the total staff, rounded up to the nearest whole person. Determine the minimum possible number of officers that can be employed while satisfying all constraints.

A. 90

B. 78

C. 84

Correct D. 80

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10 View Details

A state allocates a development grant of ₦200 million to its five local government areas (LGAs) using the following weighted formula: 40 % of the grant is divided equally among all LGAs, 30 % is distributed proportionally to each LGA's population, and the remaining 30 % is distributed proportionally to each LGA's road‑network length (in kilometres). The populations are: LGA 1 - 150 000, LGA 2 - 200 000, LGA 3 - 120 000, LGA 4 - 180 000, LGA 5 - 250 000. The road lengths are: LGA 1 - 80 km, LGA 2 - 120 km, LGA 3 - 70 km, LGA 4 - 110 km, LGA 5 - 130 km. Calculate the amount allocated to LGA 4 (in millions of naira), rounded to two decimal places.

A. 40.31

B. 44.94

C. 41.20

Correct D. 40.94

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11 View Details

In a two‑round presidential election, the first‑round vote shares are: Candidate A \(38\%\), Candidate B \(35\%\), Candidate C \(27\%\). No candidate obtains more than \(50\%\), so a runoff is held between A and B. Assuming the same total number of voters turn out for the runoff and that all of Candidate C's supporters vote either for A or for B, what minimum percentage of Candidate C's voters must vote for B for B to win the runoff?

Correct A. 59.3

B. 70.0

C. 55.6

D. 62.5

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12 View Details

In a proportional representation system with a 5\% electoral threshold, parties receiving less than 5\% of the total votes are excluded from seat allocation. Six parties obtain the following vote shares: Party P1 \(40\%\), Party P2 \(25\%\), Party P3 \(15\%\), Party P4 \(12\%\), Party P5 \(4\%\), Party P6 \(4\%\). The legislature has 200 seats. How many seats does Party P3 receive after excluding parties below the threshold and allocating seats proportionally to the remaining parties?

A. 31

B. 34

C. 32

Correct D. 33

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13 View Details

A study evaluates the influence of pressure groups using three criteria: Membership size (M), Financial resources (F) and Political access (A). The criteria are weighted at 40\%, 35\% and 25\% respectively. Raw values are converted to a 0‑100 scale as follows: for M, 0 corresponds to 0 members and 100 to 150\,000 members; for F, 0 corresponds to ₦0 and 100 to ₦15\,million; for A, the score (0‑10) is multiplied by 10. Group X has M = 120\,000 members, F = ₦8\,million and A = 7. Group Y has M = 80\,000 members, F = ₦12\,million and A = 9. Calculate the overall influence score for each group and state which group has the higher score.

A. Group X (score ≈ 65.2) has the higher influence.

B. Group X (score ≈ 71.8) has the higher influence.

Correct C. Group Y (score ≈ 71.8) has the higher influence.

D. Group Y (score ≈ 68.5) has the higher influence.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14 View Details

In Nigeria, amending the Constitution requires a two‑thirds majority in both the Senate (109 members) and the House of Representatives (360 members), and a simple majority in a national referendum. A proposed amendment receives 70 votes in favour in the Senate, 240 votes in favour in the House, and 55\% approval in the referendum. Does the amendment pass? If it fails, how many additional votes are needed in the Senate to meet the two‑thirds requirement, assuming the other results remain unchanged?

A. No; 4 additional Senate votes are required.

Correct B. No; 3 additional Senate votes are required.

C. No; 2 additional Senate votes are required.

D. No; 6 additional Senate votes are required.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15 View Details

Under Nigeria's jurisdictional rules, the Federal High Court has original jurisdiction over civil matters where the claim exceeds ₦200\,000, while the State High Court handles claims up to that amount. A plaintiff sues a federal agency for ₦250\,000. The defendant moves to transfer the case to the State High Court, arguing that the matter concerns a state law issue. Which court should hear the case and why?

A. Federal High Court, because the case involves a state law issue, which gives the federal court exclusive jurisdiction.

Correct B. Federal High Court, because the claim exceeds ₦200\,000 and involves a federal agency, giving it original jurisdiction.

C. State High Court, because the claim is under ₦200\,000 and therefore falls within its jurisdiction.

D. State High Court, because the defendant is a federal agency and such matters are heard in the State High Court.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16 View Details

Within the IMF, each member receives 5 basic votes plus one additional vote for each 100 million SDR of its quota. Country X has a quota of 2 400 million SDR, Country Y 1 800 million SDR, and Country Z 600 million SDR. A decision is adopted only if it obtains at least \\(85\\%\\) of the total voting power. If Countries X and Z vote against the proposal while Country Y votes in favour, can the proposal be adopted? Show all calculations.

A. Yes, the proposal can be adopted because the votes in favour (23) meet the required 23 votes (85% of 27).

Correct B. No, the proposal cannot be adopted because the votes in favour (23) are less than the required 54 votes (85% of 63).

C. No, the proposal cannot be adopted because the votes in favour (23) are less than the required 55 votes (85% of 65).

D. No, the proposal cannot be adopted because the votes in favour (23) are less than the required 48 votes (80% of 60).

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17 View Details

President A assumed office on 1 January 2020 after the death of the incumbent, completing the remainder of that term which ends on 31 December 2023. He is subsequently elected in 2023 and re‑elected in 2027. According to the 1999 Constitution, a person may not hold the office of President for more than two terms, and any period of less than \(2\) years does not count as a term. How many total years can President A lawfully serve, and is he constitutionally eligible to stand for the 2027 election?

A. He can serve at most 10 years (including the partial term) and is eligible to stand for the 2027 election.

B. He can serve at most 6 years (one full term) and is not eligible to stand for the 2027 election.

C. He can serve at most 8 years (two full terms) and is eligible to stand for the 2027 election.

Correct D. He can serve at most 8 years (two full terms) and is not eligible to stand for the 2027 election.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18 View Details

The Senate has 109 members. To confirm a ministerial appointment, a simple majority of members present and voting is required. In a particular session, 12 senators are absent, and 5 senators abstain from voting. What is the minimum number of affirmative votes needed for confirmation?

A. 48

Correct B. 47

C. 45

D. 46

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19 View Details

The National Assembly consists of 360 members in the House of Representatives and 109 members in the Senate. To amend the Constitution, a two‑thirds (\(\\frac{2}{3}\)) majority in each house is required, followed by a national referendum in which at least \(50\\%\) of registered voters must approve. In a proposed amendment, 250 House members support it, 100 oppose it, and 10 are absent. In the Senate, 70 support it, 30 oppose it, and 9 are absent. The referendum has 12 million registered voters; 5.5 million vote, of which 2.9 million approve. Determine whether the amendment is successfully passed.

Correct A. No, the amendment fails because it did not achieve the required two‑thirds majority in the Senate.

B. No, the amendment fails because it did not achieve the required two‑thirds majority in the House of Representatives.

C. Yes, the amendment passes because it met the two‑thirds majority in both houses and the referendum threshold.

D. No, the amendment fails because the referendum did not achieve the required majority of registered voters.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20 View Details

In a state election using the D'Hondt method to allocate 5 seats, three parties obtain the following votes: Party A - 120 000, Party B - 90 000, Party C - 45 000. Allocate the seats to the parties.

A. Party A - 3 seats, Party B - 1 seat, Party C - 1 seat

B. Party A - 2 seats, Party B - 1 seat, Party C - 2 seats

C. Party A - 1 seat, Party B - 3 seats, Party C - 1 seat

Correct D. Party A - 2 seats, Party B - 2 seats, Party C - 1 seat

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21 View Details

Country X uses a mixed electoral system in which (60\%\) of the (200\) seats in the National Assembly are filled by proportional representation (PR) and the remaining (40\%\) by first‑past‑the‑post (FPTP) constituencies. In the most recent election a political party received (30\%\) of the total PR votes, which amounted to (1\,200\,000\) votes, and it won (45\) of the FPTP seats. Seats under PR are allocated proportionally to the share of PR votes and are rounded to the nearest whole seat. How many total seats does the party hold in the Assembly?

Correct A. 81

B. 80

C. 82

D. 105

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22 View Details

Three pressure groups A, B and C operate in Country Y. Their influence can be estimated by an Influence Index (II) defined as \(II = 0.6 \times (\text{number of members in thousands}) + 0.4 \times (\text{annual budget in millions of naira})\). Group A has \(150\,000\) members and a budget of \(\text{₦}20\) million; Group B has \(80\,000\) members and a budget of \(\text{₦}45\) million; Group C has \(200\,000\) members and a budget of \(\text{₦}10\) million. Which group has the highest Influence Index?

A. Group A and B

Correct B. Group C

C. Group B

D. Group A

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23 View Details

Country Z is a non‑permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and also a member of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In the UNSC each of the five permanent members (P5) holds a veto and counts as one vote; each of the ten non‑permanent members counts as one vote without veto. A resolution is adopted if it receives at least nine affirmative votes, including the affirmative votes of all five permanent members. In the IMF the voting power of each member is proportional to its quota. Country Z holds a quota that represents \(0.5\%\) of the total IMF quota. Assuming that all five permanent members support a particular resolution, what is the minimum number of non‑permanent members that must also support it for the resolution to be adopted? Additionally, compute the combined voting power of Country Z expressed as the sum of its UNSC vote (counted as 1) and its IMF quota percentage.

A. 3; 1 + 0.5%

B. 4; 1 + 0.75%

C. 5; 1 + 0.5%

Correct D. 4; 1 + 0.5%

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24 View Details

What term describes the supreme authority of a state to govern itself without external interference?

A. Self-determination

B. Independence

C. Autonomy

Correct D. Sovereignty

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25 View Details

During the fiscal year 2025 the Ministry of Health prepared a budget for the National Hospital Upgrade Programme (NHUP). The total approved budget is \(\text{₦}2\,500\) million, of which capital expenditure (building, equipment) is allocated to three projects: Project A (\(\text{₦}300\) million), Project B (\(\text{₦}450\) million) and Project C (\(\text{₦}250\) million). The remaining budget is recurrent expenditure (staff salaries, maintenance). (a) What percentage of the total NHUP budget is allocated to capital expenditure? (b) The government policy states that capital expenditure must not exceed \(30\%\) of the total budget for any health programme. Does the NHUP comply with this policy? Justify your answer with a brief calculation.

A. (a) 45 %; (b) No, it exceeds the 30 % limit

Correct B. (a) 40 %; (b) No, it exceeds the 30 % limit

C. (a) 40 %; (b) Yes, it complies with the 30 % limit

D. (a) 35 %; (b) Yes, it complies with the 30 % limit

Correct Answer: B

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