neco 2019 physics | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A student is required to determine the length of a metal rod using a vernier caliper whose least count is 0.01 cm. The zero error of the caliper is +0.02 cm (i.e., the reading is 0.02 cm more than the true zero). The student records the following five successive readings (in cm): 12.34, 12.36, 12.35, 12.33, 12.35.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the mean of the five readings.
(b)
Correct the mean length for the zero error and state the final measured length of the rod.
(c)
Calculate the percentage uncertainty of the measurement using the least count of the instrument.
(d)
Mention two possible sources of error in this experiment and suggest one method to minimise each.
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Question 2 View Details
In a force table experiment, two forces are applied as follows: - Force F₁ = 5.0 N acting at an angle of 30° measured anticlockwise from the positive x‑axis. - Force F₂ = 8.0 N acting at an angle of 120° measured anticlockwise from the positive x‑axis. The table is level and frictionless. The student is required to determine the resultant of the two forces.
Question Parts
(a)
Resolve each force into its horizontal (x) and vertical (y) components, showing the work.
(b)
Using the components obtained in part (a), calculate the magnitude and direction (angle measured anticlockwise from the positive x‑axis) of the resultant force.
(c)
Explain why speed, a scalar quantity, cannot be added vectorially in the same way as the forces above.
(d)
Suggest one precaution that should be observed when using the force table to obtain accurate results.
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Question 3 View Details
A student investigates the motion of a cart down a smooth inclined plane using a ticker timer. The ticker timer marks a dot every 0.05 s on a strip of paper. The distances between successive dots recorded for five consecutive intervals are shown in the table below. | Interval | Distance between dots (cm) | |----------|----------------------------| | 1 | 5.2 | | 2 | 6.8 | | 3 | 8.5 | | 4 | 10.3 | | 5 | 12.2 | The angle of the inclined plane is 30°. Answer the following questions:
Question Parts
(a)
Determine the instantaneous velocity of the cart for each of the five intervals recorded by the ticker timer. Express your answers in m s⁻¹ (to two decimal places).
(b)
Calculate the acceleration of the cart for each successive interval and the average acceleration over the whole motion.
(c)
The plane is inclined at 30°. Calculate the theoretical acceleration of a body sliding down a smooth plane and compare it with the experimental average acceleration obtained. State two possible reasons for any discrepancy.
(d)
State two precautions that should be observed when using a ticker timer to minimise error.
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Question 4 View Details
A wooden block of mass 0.50 kg is placed on a wooden inclined plane. The plane is gradually raised until the block just begins to slide. The angle of inclination at this instant is measured as 22°. The same block is then placed on a horizontal smooth table and a spring balance is used to pull it horizontally. The smallest pull that just initiates motion is recorded as 2.5 N. Answer the following questions:
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the coefficient of static friction (μₛ) between the block and the plane using the angle method.
(b)
Determine μₛ using the horizontal pull method.
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