neco 2019 government | Essay

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Question 1 View Details
Government is a system of authority that organizes and regulates the affairs of a society. In Nigeria, the Constitution provides the legal framework for the operation of government at the federal, state and local levels.
Question Parts
(a)
Define 'government' and distinguish it from the concept of 'state'.
(b)
Identify and explain three core functions of government in a modern democratic society.
(c)
Discuss how the principle of separation of powers contributes to good governance, giving specific examples from Nigeria's political system.
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Question 2 View Details
The table below shows the number of registered voters and the number of votes cast in the most recent presidential election in three Nigerian states. State | Registered Voters | Votes Cast --------|-------------------|----------- A | 1,200,000 | 720,000 B | 950,000 | 475,000 C | 800,000 | 560,000
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the average voter turnout percentage across the three states.
(b)
Identify two factors that could explain the variation in turnout among the states.
(c)
Propose two specific measures the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) could implement to increase voter participation, justifying each with reference to the factors identified in part (b).
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Question 3 View Details
The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria adopts the principle of separation of powers among the three arms of government.
Question Parts
(a)
Explain the principle of separation of powers and its intended purpose in a democratic system.
(b)
Identify three specific provisions in the 1999 Constitution that embody the principle of separation of powers. State the article numbers and briefly describe what each provision does.
(c)
Discuss how the provisions identified in part (b) help to prevent abuse of power, giving at least one concrete example for each.
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Question 4 View Details
Nigeria is a democratic republic that operates under a system of representative democracy as provided for in its Constitution.
Question Parts
(a)
Define direct democracy and representative democracy, highlighting the key differences between the two forms of governance.
(b)
Assess how Nigeria’s political system reflects the characteristics of representative democracy, citing at least two constitutional features that support this assessment.
(c)
Identify two major challenges confronting the consolidation of democracy in Nigeria and propose realistic measures that could address each challenge.
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Question 5 View Details
Answer the following questions on the Rule of Law in Nigeria.
Question Parts
(a)
Define the principle of Rule of Law and outline its essential elements.
(b)
Explain why the Rule of Law is vital for democratic governance in Nigeria.
(c)
Analyse at least three major challenges that impede the full realisation of the Rule of Law in Nigeria and suggest possible measures to address them.
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Question 6 View Details
Answer the following questions on the Separation of Powers in Nigeria.
Question Parts
(a)
Define the doctrine of Separation of Powers and describe the three branches of government envisaged by the doctrine.
(b)
Discuss how the Separation of Powers contributes to the system of checks and balances in Nigeria's democratic framework.
(c)
Evaluate the extent to which the Separation of Powers operates effectively in Nigeria today, identifying at least two areas where the doctrine is weakened and suggesting reforms to strengthen it.
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Question 7 View Details
The National Assembly of Nigeria is a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Discuss its role in the law‑making process, the checks and balances between the two chambers, and evaluate how effectively this system promotes accountability in governance.
Question Parts
(a)
Outline the stages a bill must pass through in the National Assembly before it becomes law.
(b)
Explain the specific function of the Senate in reviewing bills that have been passed by the House of Representatives.
(c)
Critically assess how the bicameral structure of the National Assembly contributes to accountability, giving at least one concrete example from recent Nigerian legislative practice.
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Question 8 View Details
The President of Nigeria is the head of the Executive arm of government. Analyse the constitutional powers and functions of the President, the role of the Vice‑President and the Federal Executive Council, and evaluate how the system of checks and balances between the Executive and the National Assembly limits executive over‑reach.
Question Parts
(a)
Enumerate the major constitutional powers vested in the President of Nigeria.
(b)
Discuss the constitutional role of the Vice‑President and the significance of the Federal Executive Council (FEC) in the administration of government.
(c)
Evaluate how the National Assembly can check the powers of the Executive, citing at least one recent incident where legislative action restrained executive over‑reach.
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