neco 2017 geography | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A map of a local government area is drawn with a scale of 1 cm = 2 km. The map shows three towns A, B and C. Town B is located 3 cm east and 2 cm north of town A. Town C is located 5 cm west and 4 cm south of town A. The road from A to B passes through a forest that occupies 1.5 cm on the map, while the road from A to C passes through a hilly area that occupies 2 cm on the map. Using this information, answer the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the real (ground) distance between towns A and B.
(b)
Calculate the real (ground) distance between towns A and C.
(c)
State which of the two routes (A–B or A–C) is longer and by what percentage the longer route exceeds the shorter one.
(d)
Briefly discuss how the nature of the terrain (forest vs. hilly) might affect travel time on each route, assuming a vehicle travels at the same speed on level ground.
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Question 2 View Details
A student uses a map to estimate the area of a rectangular lake. The map scale is 1 cm = 250 m. On the map the lake measures 6.4 cm in length and 3.2 cm in width. A field survey later gives the actual dimensions of the lake as 1.65 km in length and 0.85 km in width. Using this information, answer the following:
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the area of the lake as obtained from the map scale.
(b)
Calculate the actual area of the lake from the field measurements.
(c)
Determine the percentage error of the map‑derived area with respect to the actual area.
(d)
Suggest two possible reasons for the discrepancy between the map area and the actual area, and propose one method to improve the accuracy of future map‑based area estimates.
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Question 3 View Details
A world map with a scale of 1 cm : 200 km is provided. The coordinates of two Nigerian cities are given as follows: City A: 6°30' N, 3°20' E City B: 9°15' N, 7°45' E
Question Parts
(a)
Convert the coordinates of each city to decimal degrees.
(b)
Determine the difference in latitude (Δφ) and longitude (Δλ) between the two cities in decimal degrees.
(c)
Using the mean latitude, calculate the approximate straight‑line distance between the cities with the formula: Distance ≈ √[(Δφ·111 km)² + (Δλ·111 km·cos φ̄)²] Show all steps and give your answer in kilometres (km) to the nearest kilometre.
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Question 4 View Details
During a field observation on 15 March, the following synoptic data were recorded at two stations situated 500 km apart along a north‑south line. Station A (northern station): - Pressure = 1010 hPa - Temperature = 25°C - Wind direction = from the North‑East (45°) Station B (southern station): - Pressure = 990 hPa - Temperature = 20°C - Wind direction = from the South‑East (135°) The latitude of the line is approximately 30° N.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the pressure gradient (Δp/Δx) in pascals per metre (Pa m⁻¹) between the two stations.
(b)
Assuming geostrophic balance, compute the geostrophic wind speed using the formula V = (1 / ρ f) · (Δp/Δx) where air density ρ = 1.2 kg m⁻³ and the Coriolis parameter f = 2Ω sin φ with Ω = 7.292 × 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ and φ = 30°. Show all intermediate calculations and give the speed in metres per second (m s⁻¹) to the nearest whole number.
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