ijmb model questions vol1 2017 physics | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A simple pendulum is to be used to determine the acceleration due to gravity (g). The pendulum consists of a thin light string attached to a small spherical bob. The length of the pendulum is measured from the point of suspension to the centre of the bob.
Question Parts
(a)
Describe a procedure for obtaining the period of the pendulum with a stopwatch, ensuring that the angular displacement is small (≤5°). State at least three precautions that improve the reliability of the measurement.
(b)
The length of the pendulum is measured as 0.980 m with an uncertainty of ±0.002 m. Ten successive measurements of the time for 20 complete oscillations give the following total times (s): 40.12, 40.15, 40.10, 40.18, 40.13, 40.11, 40.14, 40.16, 40.09, 40.17. Using these data:
() Calculate the mean period of one oscillation and its standard deviation.
() Determine the value of g and its percentage uncertainty, assuming the uncertainty in length dominates.
(c)
List two possible sources of systematic error in this experiment and suggest a method to minimise each.
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Question 2 View Details
A force table is provided with two adjustable force springs and a central pivot. The table can be rotated to read the direction of the resultant force indicated by a spring balance attached at the centre.
Question Parts
(a)
Explain how to set the two known forces so that the theoretical resultant has a magnitude of 5.0 N and is directed 30° north of east. State the required magnitudes of the two forces and the angles at which they must be applied.
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Question 3 View Details
A smooth inclined plane of length 2.00 m is set at an unknown angle to the horizontal. A small steel ball is released from rest at the top and allowed to roll down. The time taken for the ball to travel the whole length is recorded for three trials: 1.85 s, 1.78 s and 1.82 s. The vertical height of the plane is measured as 0.60 m. Use g = 9.8 m s⁻².
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the average time for the three trials and the corresponding average speed of the ball along the plane.
(b)
Assuming uniform acceleration from rest, determine the magnitude of the ball’s acceleration using the average speed and the length of the plane.
(c)
From the geometry of the plane, determine the angle of inclination, calculate the theoretical acceleration of the ball down the plane, and comment on the difference between the experimental and theoretical values.
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Question 4 View Details
A vertical spring of unknown stiffness is investigated using a set of standard masses. The following data are recorded: Mass (kg) : 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 Extension (cm) : 2.5 5.1 7.6 10.2 Take g = 9.8 m s⁻². The spring is assumed to obey Hooke’s law.
Question Parts
(a)
Plot a graph of extension (x in metres) against the applied load (F = mg in newtons). From the graph determine the gradient and hence calculate the spring constant k.
(b)
Using the value of k obtained, calculate the mass of an unknown object that produces an extension of 12.8 cm.
(c)
State two possible systematic errors in this experiment and explain how each would affect the calculated value of k.
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