Igcse Model Questions Vol1 2025 English Language Question 15

Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power have become increasingly vital in the global effort to reduce carbon emissions. While fossil fuels still dominate the energy market, the cost of installing solar panels has dropped dramatically over the past decade, making them accessible to households in both developed and developing nations. Wind farms, particularly offshore installations, generate large amounts of electricity without emitting greenhouse gases, though they sometimes face opposition due to visual impact on coastal landscapes. Hydroelectric dams provide reliable baseload power but can disrupt local ecosystems and displace communities. Governments worldwide are introducing subsidies and tax incentives to encourage the transition to cleaner energy, aiming to meet the targets set by the Paris Agreement. However, the shift requires substantial investment in grid infrastructure and storage technologies to manage the intermittent nature of renewable sources. Write a summary of this passage in no more than 30 words, capturing the main idea.