igcse model questions vol1 2020 chemistry | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A mass‑spectrometer was used to analyse a sample of chlorine gas. The instrument gave the following relative intensity data for the isotopic peaks. | Mass number (u) | Relative intensity (%) | |----------------|------------------------| | 35 | 75.8 | | 37 | 24.2 | Using this information, answer the questions that follow.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the relative atomic mass of chlorine to two decimal places.
(b)
State the number of neutrons present in the most abundant isotope of chlorine.
(c)
Explain why the relative atomic mass of chlorine is not a whole number.
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Question 2 View Details
A student performed flame‑test investigations on four known metal salts and an unknown metal salt. The observations are recorded in the table below. | Sample | Flame colour observed | |-------------------|-----------------------| | Sodium chloride (NaCl) | Bright yellow | | Potassium chloride (KCl) | Lilac | | Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) | Brick‑red | | Barium chloride (BaCl₂) | Green | | Unknown metal salt | Bright orange‑red | Answer the questions that follow.
Question Parts
(a)
Identify the metal ion present in the unknown sample.
(b)
State the group of the periodic table to which this metal belongs.
(c)
Using periodic trends, justify why the flame colour of the unknown differs from those of the known salts.
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Question 3 View Details
A white crystalline solid labelled “A” is provided for investigation. The following observations are recorded during the practical investigation: • Appearance: white crystalline solid, colourless. • Melting point: 801 °C (high). • Solubility: soluble in water, forming a colourless solution. • Conductivity of the aqueous solution (0.10 mol L⁻¹): 15 mS cm⁻¹ (moderate). • Conductivity of the molten solid (measured with a high‑temperature conductivity probe): high. • When a few drops of dilute HCl are added to the solid, no visible reaction occurs. • When a few drops of the aqueous solution are added to silver nitrate solution, a white precipitate forms. Using the data above, answer the following questions:
Question Parts
(a)
Write the net ionic equation for the reaction that occurs when the aqueous solution of A is mixed with silver nitrate solution.
(b)
State the type of chemical bonding present in compound A.
(c)
Give two observed properties that support the classification made in part (b).
(d)
Suggest a suitable method for separating compound A from a mixture that also contains an insoluble covalent solid such as sand.
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Question 4 View Details
A gas was collected over water at 25 °C. The following data were recorded: • Volume of gas collected: 250.0 mL • Total pressure (barometer reading): 101.3 kPa • Temperature: 25 °C • Water‑vapour pressure at 25 °C: 3.17 kPa • Mass of the dry gas after passing through a drying tube: 0.436 g Using the ideal gas law, answer the questions below.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the number of moles of gas collected. Show all steps.
(b)
Determine the molar mass of the gas (in g mol⁻¹).
(c)
Identify the gas from the following list: O₂, N₂, CO₂, H₂. Give one piece of evidence that supports your identification.
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