igcse model questions vol1 2017 physics | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A solid metal cylinder is to be investigated in the laboratory to determine its density. The apparatus available are a digital balance (least count 0.1 g), a vernier caliper (least count 0.02 cm) and a ruler (least count 0.1 cm). The following measurements are recorded:
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the average diameter of the cylinder from the three readings 2.00 cm, 2.02 cm and 1.98 cm and then obtain the radius.
(b)
Determine the average height of the cylinder from the two readings 5.00 cm and 5.02 cm.
(c)
Using the radius from (a) and the average height from (b), calculate the volume of the cylinder. (Use π = 3.1416.)
(d)
The mass of the cylinder was measured as 150.0 g. Calculate the density of the metal and the percentage error if the accepted density of copper is 8.96 g cm⁻³. State two possible sources of error in the experiment.
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Question 2 View Details
A force table is used to investigate the resultant of two forces acting on a ring. The forces are applied as follows:
Question Parts
(a)
Resolve each force into its horizontal (east‑west) and vertical (north‑south) components. Force A has magnitude 5.0 N acting 30° north of east. Force B has magnitude 7.0 N acting 120° measured anticlockwise from east.
(b)
Using the components from (a), calculate the magnitude and direction (angle north of east) of the resultant force.
(c)
The resultant was also measured directly with a spring balance and found to be 8.8 N acting at 85° north of east. Calculate the percentage difference in magnitude and the difference in direction between the calculated and measured results.
(d)
Suggest two possible sources of error that could affect the experimental result.
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Question 3 View Details
A cart is released from rest and allowed to roll down a smooth inclined plane. A ticker timer records the position of the cart at intervals of 0.02 s. The distances measured from the start point are given in the table below. | Tick (n) | Distance from start (cm) | |----------|--------------------------| | 0 | 0 | | 1 | 5 | | 2 | 22 | | 3 | 48 | | 4 | 84 | | 5 | 130 | Using this data, answer the following questions.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the average speed of the cart between the 2nd and 4th tick.
(b)
Assuming the cart started from rest, determine its acceleration using the s ∝ t² method. Show the calculation steps.
(c)
Identify two possible sources of systematic error in this experiment and explain how each would affect the calculated acceleration.
(d)
Predict qualitatively how the calculated acceleration would change if the angle of the incline were increased, and justify your prediction.
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Question 4 View Details
A force table is used to determine the resultant of two forces acting in the same plane. The table is set up as follows: - Force F₁ = 5.0 N directed along the 0° (horizontal) line. - Force F₂ = 3.0 N directed along the 90° line (perpendicular to F₁). - The resultant is measured with a spring balance attached to the string that represents the combined force. The reading on the balance is 8.0 N and the direction of the resultant string makes an angle of 31° with the 0° line. Answer the questions below.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the theoretical magnitude and direction of the resultant of F₁ and F₂ using vector addition.
(b)
Using the measured resultant (8.0 N at 31°), calculate the percentage error in the magnitude of the resultant.
(c)
Suggest two reasons why the measured resultant may differ from the theoretical value and briefly explain each.
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