Practice gce model questions vol1 civic_education 2019 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

In a community, \(40\%\) of residents support mediation, \(30\%\) support arbitration, \(20\%\) support litigation, and \(10\%\) are undecided. A policy states that if any two approaches together have more than \(50\%\) support, they will be combined into a hybrid approach, and the pair with the highest combined support will be chosen. Which hybrid approach will be adopted?

A. Arbitration‑Undecided hybrid

B. Mediation‑Litigation hybrid

C. Arbitration‑Litigation hybrid

Correct D. Mediation‑Arbitration hybrid

Correct Answer: D

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Question 2 View Details

A town has 12,000 eligible voters. \(85\%\) of them register to vote. Of the registered voters, \(5\%\) are exempt from voting due to age, and \(90\%\) of the remaining registered voters actually cast a ballot. How many people actually vote?

Correct A. 8721

B. 8730

C. 8712

D. 8625

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3 View Details

A public service department receives a total allocation of \(\text{₦}2,500,000\). It must allocate funds to three programmes A, B and C subject to the following conditions: (i) Programme A receives at least \(30\%\) of the total allocation; (ii) Programme B receives no more than \(40\%\) of the total allocation; (iii) Programme A receives exactly twice the amount allocated to Programme C. Determine the amount allocated to each programme that satisfies all conditions and uses the minimum possible amount for Programme C.

A. Programme A: ₦1,200,000; Programme B: ₦800,000; Programme C: ₦500,000

B. Programme A: ₦1,000,000; Programme B: ₦900,000; Programme C: ₦600,000

Correct C. Programme A: ₦1,000,000; Programme B: ₦1,000,000; Programme C: ₦500,000

D. Programme A: ₦900,000; Programme B: ₦1,100,000; Programme C: ₦500,000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4 View Details

In 2018 a census of 8,000 youths aged 15-24 in a city showed that \(12\%\) used illicit drugs. After a community programme, a 2021 survey of 1,200 youths found that \(9\%\) used illicit drugs. Calculate the reduction in the absolute number of drug‑using youths and state whether this reduction meets a target of at least a \(20\%\) decrease in the absolute number of users.

A. No; 720 fewer users, a 75% reduction

B. No; 852 fewer users, a 70% reduction

C. Yes; 600 fewer users, an 80% reduction

Correct D. Yes; 852 fewer users, an 88.8% reduction

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5 View Details

A criminal verdict was delivered on 15 March 2023. The law allows an appeal to be filed within 21 days of the verdict, but if the appellant is a minor (under 18 years) the period is extended by 14 days. The appellant turned 17 on 1 February 2023. What is the last date on which the appeal can be filed?

A. 30 April 2023

Correct B. 19 April 2023

C. 19 May 2023

D. 4 April 2023

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6 View Details

In a country with 10 parliamentary seats, three parties receive the following percentages of the national vote: Party A (40\%), Party B (35\%), Party C (25\%). Assume the votes are evenly distributed across all constituencies. (a) Under a first‑past‑the‑post system, how many seats does Party A win? (b) If the electoral system is changed to a proportional‑representation system with a (5\%\) threshold and seats allocated by the largest‑remainder method, how many seats does Party A win? Give your answer as two integers separated by a comma (FPTP seats, PR seats).

A. 9, 4

B. 0, 4

Correct C. 10, 4

D. 10, 5

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7 View Details

In the 2015 general election there were 1,200,000 eligible voters and the turnout was (55\%). By the 2019 election the number of eligible voters had increased by (8\%) while the turnout percentage fell by 3 percentage points. Calculate (i) the number of people who actually voted in 2019, and (ii) the percentage change in the number of voters compared with 2015 (rounded to one decimal place). Present your answer as the number of voters followed by the percentage change, separated by a comma.

A. 650,000, 1.8\%

B. 700,000, 2.5\%

Correct C. 673,920, 2.1\%

D. 673,920, 1.9\%

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8 View Details

State the civic value that encourages respect for different cultural traditions and beliefs.

A. Equality

B. Solidarity

C. Respect

Correct D. Tolerance

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9 View Details

A community's tension level is measured on a scale from 0 to 100, with an initial value of 80. Three peace‑building interventions can be applied:\n- Dialogue reduces tension by \(30\%\);\n- Economic development reduces tension by \(20\%\);\n- Joint community projects reduce tension by \(25\%\).\nWhen an intervention is applied after another, its effectiveness is reduced by \(10\%\) of its original reduction for the second intervention and by \(20\%\) of its original reduction for the third intervention. Determine the order of applying the three interventions that yields the lowest final tension level and compute that final tension (rounded to one decimal place). Give your answer as the three interventions in order (use the words Dialogue, Economic, Joint) followed by the final tension, separated by a semicolon.

A. Joint, Dialogue, Economic; 36.8

B. Economic, Joint, Dialogue; 37.7

Correct C. Dialogue, Joint, Economic; 36.5

D. Dialogue, Economic, Joint; 36.7

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10 View Details

To amend the constitution, a proposal must be approved by at least two‑thirds of both houses of parliament (each house has 120 members) and then by a national referendum in which at least \(60\%\) of votes cast are in favour, provided that at least \(40\%\) of the total registered electorate votes. A recent proposal received 78 votes in the lower house and 68 votes in the upper house. In the referendum, 1,200,000 votes were cast out of an electorate of 2,000,000, with 720,000 voting in favour. Has the amendment been adopted? Answer ‘Yes' or ‘No'.

A. Yes (subject to verification)

Correct B. No

C. Yes, but not yet

D. Yes

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11 View Details

Community X has 2,000 drug users. A prevention programme A is taken up by (40\%\) of the users and reduces drug use among its participants by (30\%\) after six months. Programme B is taken up by (30\%\) of the users and reduces drug use among its participants by (45\%\) after twelve months. (10\%\) of the total users enrol in both programmes. Assuming the reductions for those in both programmes are applied sequentially (first programme A then programme B), what is the overall percentage reduction in the number of drug users in the community after twelve months? Give your answer to one decimal place.

A. 22.5%

Correct B. 24.2\%

C. 25.0%

D. 26.8%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12 View Details

Under the Anti‑Cultism Act, a person convicted of cult participation may be sentenced to a fine of up to N200,000, imprisonment of up to 5\,years, or both. Empirical research shows that each additional year of imprisonment reduces the probability of re‑offending by \(12\%\), and each additional N50,000 fine reduces it by \(5\%\), with the effects acting independently. If a convicted individual receives the maximum penalty of five years' imprisonment together with the maximum fine, what is the total percentage reduction in the probability of re‑offending compared with receiving no penalty? Express your answer as a percentage.

A. 64%

B. 80%

C. 60%

Correct D. 68\%

Correct Answer: D

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Question 13 View Details

In Country Y, language surveys give the following data: \(70\%\) of the population speak Language X, \(55\%\) speak Language Y, and \(40\%\) speak Language Z. The percentages of people who speak each pair of languages are: \(30\%\) speak both X and Y, \(20\%\) speak both X and Z, and \(15\%\) speak both Y and Z. \(10\%\) of the population speak all three languages. Using this information, what percentage of the population speaks at least two of the three languages?

A. 40\%

B. 35\%

Correct C. 45\%

D. 55\%

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14 View Details

In a secondary school, the number of students who practise the value of respect daily is twice the number who practise honesty daily. Together, the two groups comprise 120 students. How many students practise respect daily?

A. 40

B. 120

C. 60

Correct D. 80

Correct Answer: D

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Question 15 View Details

In a local council election, three parties receive the following numbers of votes: Party A - 45,000 votes, Party B - 30,000 votes, Party C - 25,000 votes. Ten seats are to be allocated using the D'Hondt highest‑average method. How many seats does each party obtain?

A. Party A: 4, Party B: 4, Party C: 2

Correct B. Party A: 4, Party B: 3, Party C: 3

C. Party A: 3, Party B: 4, Party C: 3

D. Party A: 5, Party B: 2, Party C: 3

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16 View Details

A government plans a two‑month peace‑building operation using any combination of the following mechanisms, each of which may be employed for the whole period or not at all: - Negotiation: costs \(2\) million per month, effectiveness \(30\) points per month. - Mediation: costs \(3\) million per month, effectiveness \(45\) points per month. - Peacekeeping: costs \(5\) million per month, effectiveness \(70\) points per month. The total budget for the two months is \(12\) million and the operation must achieve at least \(150\) effectiveness points in total. Which combination of mechanisms satisfies both the budget and effectiveness requirements? Provide one feasible set.

Correct A. Negotiation and Mediation

B. Negotiation and Peacekeeping

C. Negotiation only

D. Mediation and Peacekeeping

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17 View Details

In a country, the following percentages of the population enjoy these rights: - Right to education: \(70\%\) - Right to health: \(60\%\) - Right to free speech: \(80\%\) The overlaps are: - Both education and health: \(60\%\) - Both health and free speech: \(55\%\) - Both education and free speech: \(50\%\) - All three rights: \(30\%\) Using the principle of inclusion-exclusion, what percentage of the population enjoys at least one of the three rights?

Correct A. 75\%

B. 80\%

C. 70\%

D. 85\%

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18 View Details

A survey reports the proportion of citizens who regularly perform each of five civic responsibilities: - Voting: \(68\%\) - Paying taxes: \(85\%\) - Obeying the law: \(95\%\) - Serving on a jury: \(12\%\) - Volunteering in the community: \(20\%\) Assuming the performance of each responsibility is statistically independent, what is the probability (as a percentage) that a randomly chosen citizen performs at least two of these responsibilities?

A. 90.00\%

Correct B. 95.24\%

C. 96.78\%

D. 94.12\%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19 View Details

During a year the Supreme Court delivered 30 judgments concerning the rule of law. The judgments are classified as follows: - 18 affirmed the principle of legality, - 12 affirmed due‑process rights, - 15 affirmed equality before the law. Some judgments affirmed more than one principle: - 10 affirmed both legality and due process, - 8 affirmed both legality and equality, - 6 affirmed both due process and equality, - 4 affirmed all three principles. Using inclusion-exclusion, how many judgments affirmed at least one of the three principles?

Correct A. 25

B. 30

C. 23

D. 27

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20 View Details

A country received 2 000 asylum applications broken down as follows: - Political refugees: 800 applications, acceptance rate \(70\%\) - Economic migrants: 600 applications, acceptance rate \(40\%\) - Environmental displacement: 400 applications, acceptance rate \(50\%\) - Family reunification: 200 applications, acceptance rate \(90\%\) How many applications are expected to be approved in total?

A. 1190

B. 1080

Correct C. 1180

D. 1220

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21 View Details

An elected official receives bribes from three contractors in the ratio \(2:3:5\). The total amount of bribes received is unknown. He declares only the smallest bribe and pays income tax of \(10\%\) on the declared amount. The undeclared portion, if discovered, attracts a penalty equal to \(50\%\) of that undeclared amount. After paying tax and the penalty, his net gain from the bribes is exactly ₦580,000. What was the total amount of bribes received (in naira)?

A. 900000

Correct B. 1000000

C. 1100000

D. 1250000

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22 View Details

The country's GDP this year is ₦5 trillion and the government currently spends \(4\%\) of GDP on education. UNESCO recommends spending at least \(6\%\) of GDP on education. The government plans to increase education spending by \(5\%\) per year, while GDP is expected to grow by \(3\%\) per year. Assuming both growth rates are compounded annually, after how many full years will the proportion of education spending reach or exceed the recommended \(6\%\) of GDP? Give the smallest integer number of years.

Correct A. 22

B. 20

C. 26

D. 24

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23 View Details

In a bicameral parliament, a constitutional amendment requires a two‑thirds majority in both houses. The lower house has 150 members and the upper house 60 members. For the recent amendment vote, 120 members were present in the lower house (90 voted for, 20 against, 10 abstained) and 45 members were present in the upper house (30 voted for, 10 against, 5 abstained). A quorum of at least \(75\%\) of the total membership of each house must be present for the vote to be valid. Did the amendment pass? Answer "Yes" or "No".

A. Yes

B. Maybe

Correct C. No

D. Undecided

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24 View Details

A university has a constant enrolment of 12,000 students. Initially, \(8\%\) of the students are involved in cult activities. The university implements a programme that reduces the number of cult members by \(40\%\) each year for three consecutive years. After the third year, what percentage of the total student population is still involved in cult activities? Express your answer as a percentage rounded to two decimal places.

A. 3.20

B. 0.96

C. 2.40

Correct D. 1.73

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25 View Details

In a city, traffic offences are classified into three types with the following fines: Speeding - ₦20,000, Illegal parking - ₦5,000, and Running a red light - ₦15,000. In a particular month, the number of offences recorded are in the ratio \(3:5:2\) respectively, totalling 1,000 offences. Offenders who pay within 7 days receive a \(10\%\) discount on the fine. Historical data shows that \(60\%\) of Speeding offenders, \(80\%\) of Illegal parking offenders, and \(70\%\) of Red‑light offenders pay early. Calculate the total revenue collected from fines that month after applying the discounts. Give your answer in naira.

Correct A. 10730000

B. 10350000

C. 11500000

D. 11140000

Correct Answer: A

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