gce model questions vol1 2017 government | Essay

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Question 1 View Details
Answer the following questions on the basic concepts of government.
Question Parts
(a)
Define the term “government”.
(b)
Explain the difference between a “state” and a “government”.
(c)
Discuss two essential functions of government in a democratic society.
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Question 2 View Details
The table below shows the percentage of registered voters who actually voted in the three most recent national elections in Nigeria. Election Year | Voter Turnout (%) --------------|------------------- 2015 | 68 2019 | 62 2023 | 55 Using this information, answer the following questions on political participation.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the percentage change in voter turnout:
() From 2015 to 2019.
() From 2019 to 2023.
(b)
Discuss two political or socio‑economic factors that could explain the declining trend shown in the table.
(c)
Propose two realistic measures that could be adopted to improve voter turnout in future elections, and explain how each measure addresses the factors identified in part (b).
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Question 3 View Details
The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria establishes a system of separation of powers among the three arms of government. Using this constitutional framework, discuss the principle of separation of powers, evaluate how effectively it operates in Nigeria, and recommend reforms that could strengthen the system.
Question Parts
(a)
Explain the principle of separation of powers and how it is reflected in the Nigerian Constitution.
(b)
Assess the extent to which the three arms of government in Nigeria respect the limits of their powers in practice. Provide at least two illustrative examples.
(c)
Propose two specific constitutional or institutional reforms that could improve the functioning of the separation of powers in Nigeria.
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Question 4 View Details
Democracy in Nigeria faces several structural and socio‑political challenges. Compare direct and representative democracy, analyse the main obstacles to democratic consolidation in Nigeria, and suggest measures that could enhance democratic governance.
Question Parts
(a)
Contrast the concepts of direct democracy and representative democracy, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each.
(b)
Identify and discuss three major challenges that impede the deepening of democracy in Nigeria.
(c)
Propose two concrete measures that could be adopted by the Nigerian government or civil society to strengthen democratic practice.
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Question 5 View Details
Explain the concept of the Rule of Law and evaluate its significance for democratic governance in Nigeria.
Question Parts
(a)
Define the Rule of Law and distinguish it from the rule of man.
(b)
Discuss two ways in which the Rule of Law contributes to political stability and the protection of human rights in Nigeria.
(c)
Analyse two major challenges to the effective implementation of the Rule of Law in Nigeria and suggest possible measures to overcome them.
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Question 6 View Details
Analyse the principle of Separation of Powers in the Nigerian Constitution and assess its effectiveness in preventing abuse of power.
Question Parts
(a)
Outline the three branches of government and their primary functions as set out in the 1999 Constitution.
(b)
Explain how the system of checks and balances operates among these branches, giving two specific examples.
(c)
Critically evaluate the extent to which the separation of powers has succeeded in limiting executive overreach in Nigeria, citing recent political events.
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Question 7 View Details
The National Assembly is the supreme legislative body in Nigeria.
Question Parts
(a)
Explain the bicameral structure of the National Assembly, stating how members of the Senate and the House of Representatives are chosen.
(b)
Analyse two specific mechanisms by which the National Assembly checks the actions of the Executive.
(c)
Evaluate the effectiveness of legislative oversight in Nigeria, using a recent example such as the 2022 national budget scrutiny.
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Question 8 View Details
The President is the head of the Executive in Nigeria.
Question Parts
(a)
Describe the constitutional powers vested in the President of Nigeria.
(b)
Discuss the impact of executive dominance on the separation of powers in Nigeria, citing two specific case studies from the period 2015‑2023.
(c)
Propose two reforms that could strengthen accountability of the Executive, justifying how each would improve governance.
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Question 9 View Details
The judiciary is a cornerstone of democratic governance. Answer the following questions in detail, using appropriate examples from Nigeria where relevant.
Question Parts
(a)
Explain the principle of separation of powers and describe how the judiciary fits within this framework in Nigeria.
(b)
Identify and discuss two major challenges to the independence of the Nigerian judiciary.
(c)
Evaluate the impact of the 2019 amendment to the National Judicial Council (NJC) Code of Conduct on judicial accountability and public confidence.
(d)
Propose two concrete measures that could further strengthen judicial independence in Nigeria, justifying how each measure would address the challenges identified in part (b).
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Question 10 View Details
Political parties play a pivotal role in shaping Nigeria’s democratic landscape. Respond to the following prompts with detailed analysis and relevant examples.
Question Parts
(a)
Define a political party and outline its core functions in a democratic system.
(b)
Analyse how the degree of internal democracy within parties influences the overall quality of democracy in Nigeria, citing specific party practices.
(c)
Discuss two major contemporary challenges confronting political parties in Nigeria.
(d)
Recommend two reforms that could strengthen the Nigerian party system, explaining how each reform would address the challenges identified in part (c).
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