Practice city guilds model questions vol1 information_technology 2021 Past Questions

Question 1 View Details

Relation (R(A, B, C, D, E)) is defined by the functional dependencies (A \rightarrow B), (A \rightarrow C), (BC \rightarrow D) and (D \rightarrow E). Determine a lossless‑join, dependency‑preserving decomposition of (R) into Third Normal Form (3NF) and list the resulting relation schemas.

A. R1(A,B,C), R2(B,D), R3(C,D,E)

B. R1(A,B), R2(B,C,D), R3(D,E)

Correct C. R1(A,B,C), R2(B,C,D), R3(D,E)

D. R1(A,B,C,D), R2(D,E)

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2 View Details

A document is typed in Times New Roman 12‑pt, single‑spaced, with 1‑inch margins on all sides. The printable area is therefore 6 inches wide and 9 inches high. Each character (including spaces) occupies on average 0.12 inches in width and a line occupies 12 pt (\(12/72 = 0.1667\) inches) in height.\n\n(a) Find the maximum number of characters that can be placed on one page.\n(b) If a report contains 45 000 characters, how many pages are required (round up to the next whole page)?\n(c) Assuming each character is stored as 1 byte and each paragraph requires a 2‑byte formatting tag, with 30 paragraphs on every page, compute the total file size in bytes for the whole report.

A. 16 pages, 45 500 bytes

B. 18 pages, 47 200 bytes

C. 15 pages, 44 800 bytes

Correct D. 17 pages, 46 020 bytes

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3 View Details

In a spreadsheet the monthly sales (in units) for three products over the first six months are entered as follows:\n\nProduct X: 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 210\nProduct Y: 200, 190, 210, 220, 230, 240\nProduct Z: 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 110\n\n(a) Write a formula that computes the average monthly growth rate of Product X using the expression \(((\text{last}\,/\,\text{first})^{1/5})-1\).\n(b) Using the growth rate from (a), predict the sales for the seventh month (July) for Product X.\n(c) Does the predicted July sales exceed 150 % of the average of the first‑month sales of all three products? Answer Yes or No.

A. 240, Yes

B. 225, No

Correct C. 235, Yes

D. 210, No

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4 View Details

Consider the following pseudocode that is intended to compute the sum of the digits of all integers from 1 to \(n\).\n\n``` sum = 0\nfor i = 1 to n\n digit_sum = 0\n num = i\n while num > 0\n digit_sum = digit_sum + (num mod 10)\n num = num // 10\n end while\n sum = digit_sum // <-- possible error line\nend for\nprint sum\n```\n\n(a) What output does the program produce when \(n = 20\)?\n(b) Identify the logical error and give the corrected line of code.\n(c) With the correction, what is the correct output for \(n = 20\)?\n(d) State the time‑complexity of the algorithm in Big‑O notation (as a function of \(n\)).

A. Buggy output: 2; Correct output: 120; Time complexity: O(n log n)

Correct B. Buggy output: 2; Correct output: 102; Time complexity: O(n log n)

C. Buggy output: 12; Correct output: 102; Time complexity: O(n log n)

D. Buggy output: 2; Correct output: 102; Time complexity: O(n^2)

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5 View Details

A presentation consists of 25 slides. Every slide (except the title slide) contains a background image of resolution 1280 × 720 pixels saved as a JPEG that on average compresses to a size 10 times smaller than the raw bitmap (each pixel uses 24 bits). Each slide also contains about 2 KB of text. The title slide has no image but contains 5 KB of text.\n\nCalculate the total file size of the presentation in megabytes (MB) to two decimal places and state whether it fits within a 10 MB email attachment limit.

Correct A. 6.38 MB, Yes

B. 6.38 MB, No

C. 5.12 MB, No

D. 7.45 MB, Yes

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6 View Details

The system has three resource types A, B and C with total amounts \((10,5,7)\). The current Allocation matrix (processes P1, P2, P3) is \[\begin{array}{c|ccc}\ & A & B & C\\\hline P1 & 0 & 1 & 0\\ P2 & 2 & 0 & 0\\ P3 & 3 & 0 & 3\end{array}\] and the Max matrix is \[\begin{array}{c|ccc}\ & A & B & C\\\hline P1 & 7 & 5 & 3\\ P2 & 3 & 2 & 2\\ P3 & 9 & 0 & 6\end{array}\]. Process P2 makes an additional request of \((1,0,2)\). Can this request be granted while keeping the system in a safe state? Answer **Yes** if it can be granted, otherwise **No**.

Correct A. Yes

B. Unsafe

C. No

D. Cannot

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7 View Details

A company records its monthly sales (in Naira) in column A of a spreadsheet. The commission structure is: - 5 % on the first 100 000 Naira of sales each month, - 7 % on the next 50 000 Naira (i.e., sales from 100 001 to 150 000), - 10 % on any amount above 150 000 Naira. The sales for the twelve months are: 120 000, 80 000, 160 000, 140 000, 200 000, 95 000, 130 000, 110 000, 150 000, 175 000, 85 000 and 190 000. What is the total annual commission payable to the salesperson?

Correct A. 95000

B. 100000

C. 90000

D. 96000

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8 View Details

A presentation consists of 20 slides. Each slide is displayed for a base time of 30 seconds. Between consecutive slides there is a transition of 2 seconds. The following slides contain extra animations: - Slide 3: 2 animations, each lasting 5 seconds; - Slide 5: 1 animation lasting 8 seconds; - Slide 9: 3 animations, each lasting 4 seconds; - Slide 12: 2 animations, each lasting 6 seconds; - Slide 15: 1 animation lasting 10 seconds. All other slides have no extra animation time. Calculate the total duration of the presentation and state whether it fits within a 15‑minute time limit.

A. 12 minutes 10 seconds (exceeds the 15‑minute limit)

B. 13 minutes 5 seconds (exceeds the 15‑minute limit)

C. 10 minutes 45 seconds (fits within the 15‑minute limit)

Correct D. 11 minutes 30 seconds (fits within the 15‑minute limit)

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9 View Details

In an operating system, what is the primary purpose of a CPU scheduler?

A. To handle input/output device scheduling, coordinating peripheral access

B. To provide security authentication for user processes

Correct C. To allocate CPU time to processes, improving responsiveness and throughput

D. To manage memory allocation for processes, ensuring efficient use of RAM

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10 View Details

Relation R(A,B,C,D) is subject to the functional dependencies: A→B, B→C, and A→D. Determine a lossless‑join, dependency‑preserving decomposition of R into relations that are in Boyce‑Codd Normal Form (BCNF). List the resulting relations.

Correct A. R1(B, C) and R2(A, B, D)

B. R1(A, C) and R2(B, D)

C. R1(A, B) and R2(B, C, D)

D. R1(A, D) and R2(B, C)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11 View Details

Consider a relation R(E, D, P, H, S) with the functional dependencies: (i) \(E \rightarrow D, S\); (ii) \(P \rightarrow H\); (iii) \(D \rightarrow E\). (a) Determine all candidate keys of R. (b) State the highest normal form that R satisfies. (c) Decompose R into a set of relations that are in Boyce‑Codd Normal Form (BCNF). Indicate whether the decomposition preserves all functional dependencies.

A. Candidate keys: {E,P} and {D,P}. Highest normal form: 2NF. BCNF decomposition: R1(E,D,S), R21(P,H), R22(E,P). Dependency preservation: Yes.

B. Candidate keys: {E,P}. Highest normal form: 1NF. BCNF decomposition: R1(E,D,S), R2(P,H), R3(E,P). Dependency preservation: No.

Correct C. Candidate keys: {E,P} and {D,P}. Highest normal form: 1NF. BCNF decomposition: R1(E,D,S), R21(P,H), R22(E,P). Dependency preservation: No.

D. Candidate keys: {E,D} and {P,S}. Highest normal form: 1NF. BCNF decomposition: R1(E,D), R2(P,H,S), R3(E,P). Dependency preservation: No.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12 View Details

A round‑robin scheduler uses a time quantum of 4 ms. Three processes arrive simultaneously with CPU‑burst times: P1 = 10 ms, P2 = 6 ms, and P3 = 8 ms. The ready‑queue order is P1, P2, P3 and repeats cyclically. How many context switches occur until all three processes have completed?

Correct A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D. 5

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13 View Details

A password policy requires a password of exactly nine characters that contains exactly two uppercase letters, exactly two digits, and the remaining five characters are lowercase letters. No other character types are allowed. Uppercase letters can be any of the 26 letters, digits any of the 10 digits, and lowercase letters any of the 26 letters. An attacker can test \(10^{9}\) guesses per second. Assuming the attacker guesses uniformly at random, what is the expected time, in days, to crack such a password?

Correct A. Approximately 3.5 days

B. Approximately 2.1 days

C. Approximately 5.8 days

D. Approximately 0.9 days

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14 View Details

A PowerPoint presentation contains 25 slides. Each slide includes a JPEG image of resolution 1920\(\times\)1080 pixels. The average JPEG compression ratio is 10:1 (i.e., the compressed file is one‑tenth the size of the raw bitmap). In addition, each slide has 100 words of plain text (average 5 characters per word, 1 byte per character). The presentation also embeds a background music track of 2 minutes encoded at 128 kbps. Estimate the total file size of the presentation in megabytes (MB), rounding to two decimal places.

A. 14.23 MB

B. 19.45 MB

Correct C. 16.67 MB

D. 12.80 MB

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15 View Details

Convert the decimal number 345 to binary. Then add an even‑parity bit (the most significant bit) so that the total number of 1s in the resulting binary string is even. Give the final binary code.

A. 1101011011

B. 0101011001

C. 1101011000

Correct D. 1101011001

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16 View Details

A relation R(A,B,C,D,E) has the functional dependencies: A→B, BC→D, D→E, and AB→C. Determine the highest normal form of R and, after decomposing R into BCNF, state how many relations result from the decomposition.

A. 4

B. 5

C. 2

Correct D. 3

Correct Answer: D

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Question 17 View Details

A Windows PC shows the following IP configuration: IP address 192.168.1.45, subnet mask 255.255.255.0, default gateway 192.168.1.1, DNS server 8.8.8.8. Ping to the gateway (192.168.1.1) succeeds, ping to 8.8.8.8 fails, but ping to the internal DNS server 192.168.1.254 succeeds. Web browsing fails with a "Server not found" error. Identify the most likely cause of the problem and state the corrective action required.

A. The DNS server address is wrong; change it to 8.8.8.8.

B. The subnet mask is incorrect; change it to 255.255.254.0.

C. The default gateway is misconfigured; change it to 192.168.1.254.

Correct D. The DNS server address is wrong; change it to 192.168.1.254.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18 View Details

A company has been allocated the network 10.0.0.0/8. It needs subnets for three departments requiring 2000, 1200 and 500 hosts respectively, using VLSM. Allocate the subnets, giving the network address and subnet mask for each department, and state the first usable IP address of the largest subnet.

A. 10.0.0.255

B. 10.0.0.2

C. 10.0.0.5

Correct D. 10.0.0.1

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19 View Details

A report is prepared in a word‑processor with the following formatting: heading style 24 pt, body style 12 pt, line spacing 1.5, and 2.5 cm margins on all sides of A4 paper (21 cm × 29.7 cm). The document contains 4500 words, with an average of 5 characters per word and one space after each word. Assuming an average of 70 characters fit on a line, estimate the total number of pages the report will occupy.

A. 12

B. 13

C. 10

Correct D. 11

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20 View Details

What is the smallest decimal integer greater than 200 whose binary representation contains exactly three 1's?

A. 216

Correct B. 208

C. 209

D. 210

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21 View Details

Consider the following pseudo‑code: ``` integer n = 1, total = 0, count = 0 while count < 5 do integer s = 0 for i = 1 to n do if i mod 3 = 0 then s = s + i else if i mod 2 = 0 then s = s + 2*i end if end for if s mod 4 = 0 then count = count + 1 end if n = n + 1 end while output n ``` What integer is printed when the program terminates?

A. 23

B. 30

C. 25

Correct D. 24

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22 View Details

The following pseudo‑code is executed: ``` int a = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) { int j = i; while (j < 20) { if (j % 5 == 0) break; a = a + j; j = j + i; } } output a; ``` What integer value is printed?

A. 156

B. 146

C. 126

Correct D. 136

Correct Answer: D

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Question 23 View Details

A company has been allocated the IPv4 block \(172.16.0.0/20\). It must create three sub‑networks for Marketing (≥ 500 hosts), Development (≥ 200 hosts) and HR (≥ 50 hosts). Sub‑nets must use the smallest possible CIDR mask for each department and must not overlap. What CIDR mask should be assigned to the Development department?

A. /23

B. /25

C. /26

Correct D. /24

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24 View Details

A report is typed in a word processor using Times New Roman 12‑pt, single‑spaced. Each character (including spaces) occupies 1 byte. The document has 45 pages. Each page contains 30 lines, each line has on average 12 words, and each word averages 6 characters. In addition, each page has a header of 150 bytes and a footer of 100 bytes. Estimate the total file size in kilobytes (1 KB = 1024 bytes), rounding up to the nearest whole kilobyte.

A. 132 KB

B. 115 KB

Correct C. 121 KB

D. 128 KB

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25 View Details

A 5 MB file is transferred over a 4 Mbps link that has a round‑trip time of 100 ms. The protocol uses stop‑and‑wait ARQ with a fixed packet payload of 1500 bytes (ignoring header overhead). Assuming no packet loss, what is the total time required to transfer the entire file, in seconds, rounded to the nearest whole second?

A. 480 seconds

B. 420 seconds

C. 300 seconds

Correct D. 360 seconds

Correct Answer: D

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