city guilds model questions vol1 2018 information_technology | Practical

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Question 1 View Details
A micro‑controller development board is supplied with the following specifications: data bus width = 8 bits, address bus width = 12 bits, memory is byte‑addressable, and the processor uses a 16‑bit word (2 bytes).
Question Parts
(a)
Determine the maximum number of distinct memory locations that can be addressed by the board.
(b)
Calculate the maximum memory capacity, in kilobytes, that can be addressed by the board.
(c)
Explain why, even though the address bus is 12‑bit wide, the board could not address more than the amount found in part (b) if the word size were increased to 4 bytes without changing the address bus.
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Question 2 View Details
A small operating system is to schedule three processes P1, P2 and P3 using the Round Robin algorithm. All processes arrive at time 0 ms. Their CPU burst times are: P1 = 10 ms, P2 = 6 ms, P3 = 8 ms. The time quantum is q = 4 ms and each context‑switch incurs an overhead of 1 ms.
Question Parts
(a)
Draw the Gantt chart showing the order of execution for the first 20 ms.
(b)
Calculate the average waiting time of the three processes (to two decimal places).
(c)
Determine the CPU utilisation percentage, taking the context‑switch overhead into account.
(d)
If the time quantum is increased to 6 ms, briefly discuss (in 2‑3 sentences) how the average waiting time and CPU utilisation would be affected.
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Question 3 View Details
A student is preparing a two‑page newsletter in a word processor. The page size is A4 (21 cm × 29.7 cm). The margins are 2.5 cm on the left and right and 2 cm on the top and bottom. The newsletter will contain three equal columns separated by 0.5 cm gutters. The student wants each column to hold exactly 350 words. The average word occupies 5 characters plus a space (6 characters). The chosen font is Times New Roman 11 pt, and on average 65 characters fit on a line. The line spacing is set to 1.15. Assume the height of a single‑spaced 11‑pt line is 0.5 cm.
Question Parts
(a)
Calculate the usable width of each column (in centimetres).
(b)
Determine the number of lines required in each column to accommodate the 350 words.
(c)
Check whether the chosen line spacing of 1.15 will allow the 33 lines to fit within the printable height of the page. If it does not fit, suggest a line‑spacing value (to two decimal places) that would make it fit.
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Question 4 View Details
A small business owner records monthly sales of three products (A, B, C) for the first six months of the year in a spreadsheet. The units sold and unit prices are given below. | Month | Product A (units) | Product B (units) | Product C (units) | |-------|-------------------|-------------------|-------------------| | Jan | 120 | 80 | 150 | | Feb | 130 | 95 | 160 | | Mar | 140 | 120 | 170 | | Apr | 150 | 150 | 180 | | May | 160 | 180 | 190 | | Jun | 170 | 210 | 200 | Unit prices: Product A – ₦250 per unit, Product B – ₦400 per unit, Product C – ₦150 per unit. The owner wants to analyse revenue, average sales and growth trends using spreadsheet formulas.
Question Parts
(a)
Write the spreadsheet formula (using cell references) that would calculate the total revenue for a given month, assuming the units for the month are in cells B2:D2 and the unit‑price range is in cells B8:D8.
(b)
Using the data provided, calculate (i) the total revenue for June and (ii) the overall total revenue for the six‑month period.
(c)
Find the average monthly revenue generated by Product C over the six months.
(d)
The units sold of Product B grew from March (120 units) to June (210 units). Assuming a constant percentage increase each month, (i) calculate that monthly growth rate (to two decimal places) and (ii) project the expected units for July.
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Question 5 View Details
TechMart Ltd. maintains a relational database for its e‑commerce operations. The database currently contains the following tables (primary keys are underlined): Customers(**CustomerID**, Name, Email, Phone, City) Products(**ProductID**, ProductName, Category, UnitCost, UnitPrice, StockQty) Orders(**OrderID**, CustomerID, OrderDate, TotalAmount) OrderItems(**OrderItemID**, OrderID, ProductID, Quantity, UnitPrice) All foreign‑key relationships are correctly defined. The store wishes to perform several tasks related to reporting, normalisation, data migration and concurrency control. Answer the following sub‑questions.
Question Parts
(a)
Write an SQL statement that lists the three customers who have spent the greatest total amount on orders placed in the last six months. Display CustomerID, Name and the total amount spent, ordered from highest to lowest spender.
(b)
The Products table is intended to be in Third Normal Form (3NF). Identify any functional dependencies that breach 3NF and propose a revised schema (list new tables and their attributes) that satisfies 3NF.
(c)
A CSV file containing new product data is to be imported. The file has columns: ProductName, Category, UnitCost, UnitPrice, StockQty. Some product names appear more than once with different Category values. Outline a systematic procedure, including the necessary SQL statements, to detect such duplicate product names, resolve the conflict, and insert only valid, non‑duplicate rows into the database.
(d)
During peak periods two users sometimes experience deadlocks when updating StockQty in the Products table. Explain the likely cause of these deadlocks and recommend two practical measures that the database administrator can implement to minimise them.
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