WAEC 2022 Physics | Essay

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Question 1 View Details
The diagram illustrates the trajectory of a fired missile from point P at \( 250 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1} \), If the missile hits point \( \mathbf{Q} \) after \( 40 s \). Calculate the distance \( |\mathbf{P Q}| \).
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Question 2 View Details
State three properties of an intrinsic semiconductor.
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Question 3 View Details
The effective potential energy, E of a lunar satellite of mass, \( \mathbf{m}_{\mathbf{1}} \), moving in an elliptical orbit around the moon of mass, \( \mathrm{m}_{2} \) is given by \( E=\frac{K^{2}}{2 m_{1} r^{2}}=\frac{G m_{1} m_{2}}{r} \), where \( r \) is the distance of the satellite from the moon and G is the universal gravitational constant of dimensions, \( \mathbf{M}^{-\mathbf{1}} \mathbf{L}^{\mathbf{3}} \mathbf{T}^{-\mathbf{2}} \). Determine the dimensions of the angular momentum, K of the satellite using dimensional analysis.
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Question 4 View Details
A 50N force is applied to the free end of a spiral spring of force constant, \( 100 N m^{-1} \). Calculate the work done by the force to stretch the spring.
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Question 5 View Details
5(a) What is geostationary satellite? (b) Name two types of LASERS.
Question Parts
(a)
What is geostationary satellite?
(b)
Name two types of LASERS.
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Question 6 View Details
State; (a) the S.I. unit of the intensity of a blackbody radiation. (b) two features of the intensity-wavelength graph of a perfect blackbody at different temperature.
Question Parts
(a)
the S.I. unit of the intensity of a blackbody radiation.
(b)
two features of the intensity-wavelength graph of a perfect blackbody at different temperature.
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Question 7 View Details
State three differences between magnetic and non-magnetic materials.
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Question 8 View Details
8a(i) State the law of inertia (ii) List the law stated in 8a(i) to explain how wearing a safety belt in a moving vehicle could reduce the possibilities of severe injuries when the vehicle is involved in a collision. b(i) Define the term moment of a force. (ii) A uniform plank measures \( 2 m \) long from its ends point A to point B, if the weight of the plank is 54 N and it rests on a knife edge \( 0.50 m \) from end \( B \) and point A is supported by a vertical string so that AB balances horizontally: I. Draw a force diagram for the arrangement; II. Determine the tension, T, in the string III. Determine the force, F , acting on the knife edge. (c) State three difference between solid friction and viscosity. (d) State one method of increasing the velocity ratio of a pulley system.
Question Parts
(a)
(i) State the law of inertia
(a)
(ii) List the law stated in 8a(i) to explain how wearing a safety belt in a moving vehicle could reduce the possibilities of severe injuries when the vehicle is involved in a collision.
(b)
(i) Define the term moment of a force.
(b)
(ii) A uniform plank measures \( 2 m \) long from its ends point A to point B, if the weight of the plank is 54 N and it rests on a knife edge \( 0.50 m \) from end \( B \) and point A is supported by a vertical string so that AB balances horizontally: I. Draw a force diagram for the arrangement; II. Determine the tension, T, in the string III. Determine the force, F , acting on the knife edge.
(c)
State three difference between solid friction and viscosity.
(d)
State one method of increasing the velocity ratio of a pulley system.
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Question 9 View Details
9a(i) State coulomb's law of electrostatics. (ii) The electron and proton of a hydrogen atom are separated by a mean distance of \( 5.2 \times 10^{-11} \mathrm{~m} \). Calculate the magnitude of the electrostatic force between the particles, \( \left[e=1.6 \times 10^{-19} C,\left(4 \pi \varepsilon_{0}\right)^{-1}\right. \left.=9.0 \times 10^{9} m F^{-1}\right] \). b(i) The diagram below shows a potential divider circuit. I. Show that \( V_{\text {out }}=V_{\text {in }}\left(\frac{R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}\right) \). II. If \( \frac{V_{\text {in }}}{V_{\text {out }}}=2.5 \) and \( R_{1}=30 \Omega \), calculate \( R_{2} \). (ii) Define the volt. (c) Explain why wood is not suitable for use as the core of transformers. (d) State one application of the cathode ray tube.
Question Parts
(a)
(i) State coulomb's law of electrostatics.
(a)
(ii) The electron and proton of a hydrogen atom are separated by a mean distance of \( 5.2 \times 10^{-11} \mathrm{~m} \). Calculate the magnitude of the electrostatic force between the particles, \( \left[e=1.6 \times 10^{-19} C,\left(4 \pi \varepsilon_{0}\right)^{-1}\right. \left.=9.0 \times 10^{9} m F^{-1}\right] \).
(b)
(i) The diagram above shows a potential divider circuit. I. Show that \( V_{\text {out }}=V_{\text {in }}\left(\frac{R_{2}}{R_{1}+R_{2}}\right) \). II. If \( \frac{V_{\text {in }}}{V_{\text {out }}}=2.5 \) and \( R_{1}=30 \Omega \), calculate \( R_{2} \).
(b)
(ii) Define the volt.
(c)
Explain why wood is not suitable for use as the core of transformers.
(d)
State one application of the cathode ray tube.
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Question 10 View Details
10(a) State one condition each necessary for each of the following occurrences (i) constructive interference of waves; (ii) total internal reflection; (iii) production of beats (b) In a resonance tube experiment using a tuning fork of frequency 256 Hz , the first position of resonance was \( 35 c m \), the next position was \( 100 c m \). Calculate the velocity of sound in air from the experiment. (c)(i) State the three classifications of musical instruments. (ii) Give one example each of the classifications stated in 10c(i). (d) Calculate the critical angle for light travelling from glass to air. [refractive index of glass = 1.5] (e) The speed of sound in a medium at a temperature of 102 °C is \( 240 \mathrm{~ms}{ }^{-1} \). If the speed of sound in the medium is \( 310 m s^{-1} \). Calculate its temperature.
Question Parts
(a)
(i) State one condition necessary for constructive interference of waves.
(a)
(ii) State one condition necessary for total internal reflection.
(a)
(iii) State one condition necessary for production of beats.
(b)
In a resonance tube experiment using a tuning fork of frequency 256 Hz , the first position of resonance was \( 35 c m \), the next position was \( 100 c m \). Calculate the velocity of sound in air from the experiment.
(c)
(i) State the three classifications of musical instruments.
(c)
(ii) Give one example each of the classifications stated in 10c(i).
(d)
Calculate the critical angle for light travelling from glass to air. [refractive index of glass = 1.5]
(e)
The speed of sound in a medium at a temperature of 102 °C is \( 240 \mathrm{~ms}{ }^{-1} \). If the speed of sound in the medium is \( 310 m s^{-1} \). Calculate its temperature.
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Question 11 View Details
11(a) State two factors that affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid. (b) Explain the term latent heat. (c) Explain each of the following phenomena: (i) One a dry day, water in a clay pot is cooler than water in a rubber container. (ii) Cooking of food is faster in pressure cooker than in an ordinary pot. (d) A 40 V electric heater is used to supply a current of \( 12 A \) for 1400 seconds to a body of mass \( 1.5 k g \) at its melting point. The body melts and its temperature rises by 60 °C in an extra 1.2 minutes. Calculate the: (i) latent heat of fusion of the body; (ii) specific heat capacity of the body. (e) State two differences between evaporation and boiling.
Question Parts
(a)
State two factors that affect the rate of evaporation of a liquid.
(b)
Explain the term latent heat.
(c)
(i) Explain why on a dry day, water in a clay pot is cooler than water in a rubber container.
(c)
(ii) Explain why cooking of food is faster in a pressure cooker than in an ordinary pot.
(d)
A 40 V electric heater is used to supply a current of \( 12 A \) for 1400 seconds to a body of mass \( 1.5 k g \) at its melting point. The body melts and its temperature rises by 60 °C in an extra 1.2 minutes. Calculate the: (i) latent heat of fusion of the body; (ii) specific heat capacity of the body.
(e)
State two differences between evaporation and boiling.
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Question 12 View Details
12a(i) What is meant by the term artificial radioactivity? (ii) Complete the table below. Emission Nature Charge Ionizing ability High speed electron Moderately ionizing Neutral Negligible ionizing ability Alpha particle Positive (b) In an X-ray tube, an electron is accelerated from rest towards a metal target by a \( 30 k V \) source. Calculate the kinetic energy of the electron. \( [e=1.6 \times 10^{-19} C] \). (c) The table below shows the frequencies of radiation incident on a certain metal and the corresponding kinetic energies of the photoelectrons. (ii) Plot a graph of kinetic energy, K.E., on the vertical axis and frequency, \( f \), on the horizontal axis starting both axes from the origin \( (0,0) \). (ii) From the graph, determine the I. Planck's constant; II. threshold frequency of radiations; III. work function of the metal.
Question Parts
(a)
(i) What is meant by the term artificial radioactivity?
(a)
(ii) Complete the table below. Emission Nature Charge Ionizing ability High speed electron Moderately ionizing Neutral Negligible ionizing ability Alpha particle Positive.
(b)
In an X-ray tube, an electron is accelerated from rest towards a metal target by a \( 30 k V \) source. Calculate the kinetic energy of the electron. \( [e=1.6 \times 10^{-19} C] \).
(c)
The table below shows the frequencies of radiation incident on a certain metal and the corresponding kinetic energies of the photoelectrons. (ii) Plot a graph of kinetic energy, K.E., on the vertical axis and frequency, \( f \), on the horizontal axis starting both axes from the origin \( (0,0) \). (ii) From the graph, determine the I. Planck's constant; II. threshold frequency of radiations; III. work function of the metal.
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