POST UTME VERITAS UNIVERSITY 2021 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME VERITAS UNIVERSITY exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2021 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1
A 20-year-old male patient presents with symptoms of chronic kidney disease. His serum creatinine level is 3.5 mg/dL, and his glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 25 mL/min. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his kidney disease?
Correct A. Diabetic nephropathy
B. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis
C. Chronic pyelonephritis
D. Polycystic kidney disease

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A 35-year-old female patient is diagnosed with breast cancer. Her tumor is found to be estrogen receptor-positive \( ER+ \) and progesterone receptor-positive \( PR+ \). Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option for her?
Correct A. Tamoxifen
B. Anastrozole
C. Trastuzumab
D. Paclitaxel

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A 45-year-old male patient is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. His HbA1c level is 9.5%. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option for him?
Correct A. Metformin
B. Sulfonylurea
C. Pioglitazone
D. Insulin

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A 28-year-old female patient is diagnosed with a 2.5 cm diameter ovarian cyst. Her CA-125 level is 35 U/mL. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option for her?
Correct A. Surgery
B. Chemotherapy
C. Hormonal therapy
D. Observation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
A 50-year-old male patient is diagnosed with a 3 cm diameter prostate cancer. His PSA level is 10 ng/mL. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option for him?
Correct A. Surgery
B. Radiation therapy
C. Hormonal therapy
D. Chemotherapy

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic drift leads to the loss of genetic variation in a population?
A. Natural selection
Correct B. Genetic drift
C. Gene flow
D. Mutation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7
A diagram of the human brain is shown below. Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating body temperature?
A. Cerebellum
Correct B. Hypothalamus
C. Pons
D. Medulla oblongata

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
In a population of 100 individuals, 20% have the genotype AA, 40% have the genotype Aa, and 40% have the genotype aa. What is the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' in this population?
A. 0.2
B. 0.4
Correct C. 0.6
D. 0.8

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9
A diagram of the human digestive system is shown below. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing most of the water from the chyme?
A. Stomach
Correct B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Pancreas

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
In a population of 100 individuals, the frequency of the dominant allele 'A' is 0.6. What is the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' in this population?
A. 0.2
B. 0.4
C. 0.6
Correct D. 0.8

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.36
Correct B. 0.64
C. 0.48
D. 0.56

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12
A plant with the genotype 'Rr' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'RR'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'Rr'?
A. 0.25
Correct B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?
A. swell
Correct B. shrink
C. remain the same
D. increase in size

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A person with a blood type of 'A' is married to a person with a blood type of 'O'. What is the probability that their child will have a blood type of 'A'?
A. 0.25
Correct B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15
A plant with the genotype 'Tt' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'tt'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'Tt'?
A. 0.25
Correct B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16
The process of natural selection can lead to the evolution of a population in which the frequency of a particular trait increases over time. Which of the following is an example of a trait that would be favored by natural selection in a population of birds that live in a forest with a dense canopy?
A. Large wingspan
B. Small beak size
Correct C. Dark plumage
D. Long neck

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17
In a forest e\cosystem, the primary producers are the plants that undergo photosynthesis to produce glu\cose and oxygen. Which of the following is a characteristic of the primary consumers in this e\cosystem?
Correct A. They are herbivores
B. They are carnivores
C. They are omnivores
D. They are decomposers

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
The process of respiration in cells involves the breakdown of glu\cose to produce energy in the form of ATP. Which of the following is a byproduct of this process?
Correct A. Carbon dioxide
B. Water
C. Oxygen
D. Nitrogen

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19
The human eye has a complex structure that allows it to detect light and transmit visual information to the brain. Which of the following is a part of the eye that is responsible for focu\sing light onto the retina?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Lens
D. Retina

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
The circulatory system in humans is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products. Which of the following is a type of blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body?
Correct A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Capillaries
D. Xylem

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily herbivores that feed on the abundant plant life. Which of the following is a characteristic of these primary consumers?
A. They have a high metabolic rate to quickly digest plant material.
B. They have a low metabolic rate to conserve energy.
Correct C. They have a specialized digestive system to break down cellulose.
D. They have a large body size to intimidate predators.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22
In a desert e\cosystem, the primary producers are primarily succulents that store water in their leaves. Which of the following is a characteristic of these primary producers?
A. They have a deep root system to access groundwater.
Correct B. They have a thick cuticle to prevent water loss.
C. They have a high surface area to absorb sunlight.
D. They have a low surface area to conserve water.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
In a coral reef e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily fish that feed on the abundant algae. Which of the following is a characteristic of these primary consumers?
Correct A. They have a high metabolic rate to quickly digest algae.
B. They have a low metabolic rate to conserve energy.
C. They have a specialized digestive system to break down cellulose.
D. They have a large body size to intimidate predators.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
In a forest e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily deer that feed on the abundant leaves. Which of the following is a characteristic of these primary consumers?
A. They have a high metabolic rate to quickly digest leaves.
B. They have a low metabolic rate to conserve energy.
Correct C. They have a specialized digestive system to break down cellulose.
D. They have a large body size to intimidate predators.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25
In a grassland e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily grasshoppers that feed on the abundant grass. Which of the following is a characteristic of these primary consumers?
Correct A. They have a high metabolic rate to quickly digest grass.
B. They have a low metabolic rate to conserve energy.
C. They have a specialized digestive system to break down cellulose.
D. They have a large body size to intimidate predators.

Correct Answer: A

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