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POST UTME UNILAG 2024 Physics | Objective

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Question 1

A gas is enclosed in a container with a movable piston. The gas is heated at cons\tant volume. What is the effect on the pressure of the gas?

Correct A. The pressure increases

B. The pressure decreases

C. The pressure remains cons\tant

D. The pressure becomes zero

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A radioactive sample has a half-life of 5 years. If the initial activity is 100 Bq, what is the activity after 10 years?

A. 50 Bq

Correct B. 25 Bq

C. 12.5 Bq

D. 6.25 Bq

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

A 100 W heater is connected to a 230 V AC supply. What is the current drawn by the heater?

A. 0.43 A

Correct B. 0.87 A

C. 1.30 A

D. 1.73 A

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

A magnetic field is produced by a current-carrying wire. What is the direction of the magnetic field at a point 2 cm away from the wire?

Correct A. Into the page

B. Out of the page

C. Along the wire

D. Perp\endicular to the wire

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

A thermodynamic system is in equilibrium. What is the change in entropy when 100 J of heat is transferred to the system at a temperature of 300 K?

A. 0.33 J/K

B. 0.67 J/K

Correct C. 1.00 J/K

D. 1.33 J/K

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

A particle of mass 2 kg is moving in a circular path of radius 3 m with a cons\tant speed of 4 m/s. If the particle is subjected to a centripetal force of 12 N, what is the magnitude of the force?

A. 8 N

Correct B. 12 N

C. 16 N

D. 20 N

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

A capacitor consists of two parallel plates, each of area 0.1 m^2, separated by a dis\tance of 0.01 m. If the capaci\tance is 10^-6 F, what is the charge on the plates when a potential difference of 10 V is applied?

Correct A. 0.1 C

B. 0.2 C

C. 0.3 C

D. 0.4 C

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A magnetic field of 0.5 T is applied to a current-carrying wire of length 2 m. If the current is 5 A, what is the force on the wire?

A. 0.25 N

Correct B. 0.5 N

C. 0.75 N

D. 1 N

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

A projectile is launched from the ground with an initial velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 30° above the horizontal. If the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s^2, what is the maximum height reached by the projectile?

A. 10 m

B. 15 m

Correct C. 20 m

D. 25 m

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

A wave of frequency 50 Hz and wavelength 0.05 m is traveling through a medium. If the speed of the wave is 100 m/s, what is the amplitude of the wave?

Correct A. 0.01 m

B. 0.02 m

C. 0.03 m

D. 0.04 m

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

A particle of mass $m$ is moving in a circular orbit of radius $r$ with a speed $v$. If the particle is subjected to a uniform magnetic field of strength $B$, what is the magnitude of the magnetic force acting on the particle?

Correct A. $ \frac{mv^2}{r} $

B. $ \frac{mv}{r} $

C. $ \frac{m^2v^2}{r^2} $

D. $ \frac{mv^2}{r^2} $

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

A wave of wavelength $\lambda$ and frequency $f$ is traveling through a medium with speed $v$. If the wave is reflected from a fixed \end, what is the wavelength of the reflected wave?

A. $ \lambda $

Correct B. $ \frac{\lambda}{2} $

C. $ \frac{\lambda}{4} $

D. $ \frac{\lambda}{3} $

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

A radioactive sample of $^{238}U$ has a half-life of $4.5 \times 10^9$ years. If the initial activity of the sample is $A_0 = 10^6$ Bq, what is the activity of the sample after $t = 1.8 \times 10^9$ years?

A. $ 2.5 \times 10^5 $

Correct B. $ 5.0 \times 10^5 $

C. $ 1.0 \times 10^6 $

D. $ 2.0 \times 10^6 $

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

A particle of mass $m$ is moving in a simple harmonic motion with a frequency $f$ and amplitude $A$. If the particle is subjected to a damping force proportional to its velocity, what is the equation of motion?

Correct A. $ m \frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + b \frac{dx}{dt} + kx = 0 $

B. $ m \frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + kx = 0 $

C. $ m \frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + b \frac{dx}{dt} = 0 $

D. $ m \frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + kx = F_0 \cos\( \omega t $

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

A beam of light is incident on a glass slab of thickness $t$ and re\fractive index $n$. If the angle of incidence is $\theta_i$, what is the angle of re\fraction?

Correct A. $ \sin^{-1}\left\( \frac{n_1}{n_2} \sin\theta_i \right $

B. $ \sin^{-1}\left\( \frac{n_2}{n_1} \sin\theta_i \right $

C. $ \sin^{-1}\left\( \frac{n_1}{n_2} \cos\theta_i \right $

D. $ \sin^{-1}\left\( \frac{n_2}{n_1} \cos\theta_i \right $

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

A quantum particle of mass $m$ is confined to a one-dimensional box of length $L$. If the particle is in the ground state, what is the energy of the particle?

Correct A. $ \frac{h^2}{8mL^2} $

B. $ \frac{h^2}{4mL^2} $

C. $ \frac{h^2}{2mL^2} $

D. $ \frac{h^2}{mL^2} $

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A thermodynamic system is undergoing a process from state $A$ to state $B$. If the system is in equilibrium at state $A$, what is the change in entropy of the system?

A. $ \Delta S = \frac{Q}{T} $

B. $ \Delta S = \frac{W}{T} $

Correct C. $ \Delta S = \frac{Q}{T} - \frac{W}{T} $

D. $ \Delta S = \frac{Q}{T} + \frac{W}{T} $

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

A circuit consists of a resistor $R$, an inductor $L$, and a capacitor $C$ connected in series. If the circuit is driven by a voltage source of amplitude $V_0$ and frequency $f$, what is the impedance of the circuit?

Question 19

A radioactive sample of Uranium-238 undergoes \alpha decay. If the initial mass of the sample is 100 g, and the mass of the \alpha particle is 4 u, what is the mass of the resulting Radium-226 nucleus?

A. 234 u

B. 238 u

Correct C. 226 u

D. 242 u

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

A 10 Ω resistor is connected in series with a 20 Ω resistor and a 30 Ω resistor. If a 12 V battery is connected across the circuit, what is the current flowing through the 10 Ω resistor?

Correct A. 0.4 A

B. 0.6 A

C. 0.8 A

D. 1.2 A

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

A 5 kg block is susp\ended from a spring with a spring cons\tant of 100 N/m. If the block is displaced by 0.2 m from its equilibrium position, what is the potential energy stored in the spring?

A. 10 J

Correct B. 20 J

C. 30 J

D. 40 J

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22

A magnetic field of 0.5 T is directed perp\endicular to a current-carrying wire. If the current in the wire is 2 A, what is the force exerted on a 0.1 m length of the wire?

A. 0.1 N

Correct B. 0.2 N

C. 0.3 N

D. 0.4 N

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

A 2 kg object is moving in a circular path with a radius of 1 m. If the object has a velocity of 4 m/s, what is its centripetal acceleration?

A. 2 m/s^2

B. 4 m/s^2

Correct C. 6 m/s^2

D. 8 m/s^2

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24

A 10 Ω resistor is connected in parallel with a 20 Ω resistor. If a 12 V battery is connected across the circuit, what is the current flowing through the 10 Ω resistor?

A. 0.6 A

Correct B. 0.8 A

C. 1.2 A

D. 1.4 A

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

A 5 kg block is moving with a velocity of 2 m/s. If the block is subjected to a force of 10 N, what is its acceleration?

A. 0.5 m/s^2

B. 1 m/s^2

Correct C. 2 m/s^2

D. 4 m/s^2

Correct Answer: C

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