Practice Post UTME UNILAG geography 2023 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of 'carrying capacity' in environmental management refers to the maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainably support. Which of the following is a key factor that determines carrying capacity?

Correct A. Availability of food resources

B. Predation pressure

C. Disease prevalence

D. Habitat quality

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A map projection is a way of representing the Earth's surface on a flat surface. Which of the following map projections is known for preserving angles and shapes?

A. Mercator projection

Correct B. Gall-Peters projection

C. Robinson projection

D. Azimuthal equidistant projection

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

The Niger Delta is a major economic hub in Nigeria, with significant oil and gas reserves. What is the primary economic activity that drives the region's economy?

A. Agriculture

B. Mining

C. Manufacturing

Correct D. Petroleum extraction

Correct Answer: D

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Question 4

The Earth's atmosphere is composed of several layers, including the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere. Which of the following is a characteristic of the stratosphere?

A. It is the hottest layer of the atmosphere

B. It is the thickest layer of the atmosphere

Correct C. It contains the majority of the Earth's ozone

D. It is the coldest layer of the atmosphere

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

The concept of 'sustainable development' was first introduced in the 1987 report by the World Commission on Environment and Development. Which of the following is a key principle of sustainable development?

Correct A. Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

B. Reducing poverty and inequality

C. Protecting the environment and conserving natural resources

D. Promoting economic growth and development

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

In a study on population growth, the population of a city is modeled using the logistic growth equation: ( P(t) = rac{c}{1 + Ae^{-kt}} ), where ( P(t) ) is the population at time ( t ), ( c ) is the carrying capacity, ( A ) is the initial population, and ( k ) is the growth rate. If the initial population is 1000, the carrying capacity is 5000, and the growth rate is 0.05, what is the population at time ( t = 10 )?

A. 2500

B. 3000

Correct C. 3500

D. 4000

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

A company is considering two different locations for a new factory. Location A has a population of 100,000 people, while Location B has a population of 50,000 people. The company wants to locate the factory in a place where the population is at least 75,000 people. Which location should the company choose?

Correct A. Location A

B. Location B

C. Both locations are suitable

D. Neither location is suitable

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A city is experiencing a severe drought, and the water level in the reservoir has dropped to 20% of its capacity. The reservoir has a capacity of 10 million cubic meters. How many cubic meters of water are currently in the reservoir?

A. 1,000,000

Correct B. 2,000,000

C. 3,000,000

D. 4,000,000

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

A company is planning to build a new factory in a rural area. The factory will require a minimum of 100 hectares of land. The company has identified two potential locations, Location A and Location B. Location A has 150 hectares of land available, while Location B has 200 hectares of land available. However, Location B is located in a floodplain and is prone to flooding. Which location should the company choose?

Correct A. Location A

B. Location B

C. Both locations are suitable

D. Neither location is suitable

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

A city is planning to implement a new transportation system. The city has a population of 500,000 people and a total road network of 100 km. The city wants to allocate 20% of the road network for public transportation. How many kilometers of road should be allocated for public transportation?

A. 10 km

Correct B. 20 km

C. 30 km

D. 40 km

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

The diagram below shows a cross-section of the African continent. Which of the following climate belts is NOT present in the region marked 'A'?

A. Tropical Rainforest

B. Savanna

C. Desert

Correct D. Temperate Grassland

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12

A company in the manufacturing sector is considering relocating its factory from a region with high labor costs to a region with lower labor costs. Which of the following economic factors is most likely to influence this decision?

A. Transportation costs

Correct B. Labor costs

C. Raw material costs

D. Market demand

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

The diagram below shows a soil profile. Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of the layer marked 'B'?

A. Weathering

B. Erosion

C. Deposition

Correct D. Leaching

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14

A river flows through a region with a high population density. Which of the following land-forming processes is most likely to occur in this region?

A. Meandering

Correct B. Erosion

C. Deposition

D. Tectonic uplift

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

The diagram below shows a map of a region with different types of vegetation. Which of the following climate belts is most likely to be present in the region marked 'C'?

A. Tropical Rainforest

Correct B. Savanna

C. Desert

D. Temperate Grassland

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16

A firm's production function is given by Q = 2L^0.5H^0.5, where Q is output, L is labor, and H is capital. If the firm wants to increase output by 20% while keeping labor constant at 100 units, what percentage increase in capital is required?

A. 10%

Correct B. 20%

C. 30%

D. 40%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

A map shows the distribution of rainfall in a region. The map has a scale of 1 cm : 100 km. If the distance between two cities on the map is 8 cm, what is the actual distance between them in kilometers?

Correct A. 800 km

B. 1200 km

C. 1600 km

D. 2000 km

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

A soil profile shows the following layers: A (0-10 cm), B (10-30 cm), C (30-50 cm), and D (50-70 cm). If the soil in layer A has a pH of 6.5, what is the pH of the soil in layer B?

A. 6.0

Correct B. 6.5

C. 7.0

D. 7.5

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

A firm's production function is given by Q = 2L^0.5H^0.5, where Q is output, L is labor, and H is capital. If the firm wants to increase output by 20% while keeping labor constant at 100 units, what percentage increase in capital is required?

A. 10%

Correct B. 20%

C. 30%

D. 40%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20

A map shows the distribution of rainfall in a region. The map has a scale of 1 cm : 100 km. If the distance between two cities on the map is 8 cm, what is the actual distance between them in kilometers?

Correct A. 800 km

B. 1200 km

C. 1600 km

D. 2000 km

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of 'threshold effect' in population studies refers to the idea that a certain level of environmental degradation must be reached before it has a significant impact on population growth. Which of the following is an example of a threshold effect?

A. Deforestation leading to soil erosion

Correct B. Climate change causing sea-level rise

C. Urbanization leading to increased access to healthcare

D. Overfishing causing depletion of fish stocks

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22

A rock is composed of 60% quartz, 20% feldspar, and 20% mica. If a sample of the rock weighs 100g, how much of the rock is composed of mica?

A. 10g

Correct B. 20g

C. 30g

D. 40g

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

A map shows a river flowing through a valley. The river is 5km wide at its narrowest point. If the map scale is 1:50,000, what is the actual width of the river in meters?

A. 250m

Correct B. 500m

C. 750m

D. 1000m

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

The diagram below shows a cross-section of a river valley. Which of the following is a characteristic of the river's course?

Correct A. Meandering

B. Straight

C. Winding

D. U-shaped

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The graph below shows the relationship between population growth and economic development. Which of the following is a characteristic of the relationship?

Correct A. Positive correlation

B. Negative correlation

C. No correlation

D. Inverse correlation

Correct Answer: A

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