POST UTME SUMMIT UNIVERSITY 2021 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME SUMMIT UNIVERSITY exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2021 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
Correct A. 0.36
B. 0.64
C. 0.48
D. 0.52

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3
A cell is placed in a solution with a pH of 5.5. If the cell membrane has a permeability coefficient of 0.01 cm/s, what is the rate of diffusion of H+ ions into the cell?
A. 0.05
Correct B. 0.01
C. 0.005
D. 0.001

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4
A diagram of a mitotic cell is shown below. Which stage of mitosis is represented?
A. Prophase
Correct B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
A. Mitochondria
Correct B. Chloroplast
C. Endoplasmic Reticulum
D. Golgi Apparatus

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
In a population of 1000 individuals, 60% are heterozygous for the ABO blood group gene. If 20% of the population is type A, 30% is type B, and 10% is type AB, what is the probability that a randomly selected individual is type O?
Correct A. 0.05
B. 0.10
C. 0.15
D. 0.20

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A 2.5 L flask contains 1.5 mol of an ideal gas at 27°C. If 1.0 mol of gas is added to the flask, what is the new pressure, assuming the temperature remains cons\tant?
A. 2.5 atm
Correct B. 3.0 atm
C. 3.5 atm
D. 4.0 atm

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
A patient has a blood glu\cose level of 120 mg/dL. If the patient is given an oral glu\cose tolerance test (OGTT) with a dose of 75 g of glu\cose, what is the expected increase in blood glu\cose level after 2 hours?
A. 50 mg/dL
B. 75 mg/dL
Correct C. 100 mg/dL
D. 150 mg/dL

Correct Answer: C

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Question 9
A 5-year-old child has a body mass index (BMI) of 20 kg/m^2. What is the expected growth rate of the child's height over the next 2 years?
A. 5 cm/year
Correct B. 6 cm/year
C. 7 cm/year
D. 8 cm/year

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
A 30-year-old woman has a history of recurrent miscarriages. What is the most likely cause of her condition?
A. Thyroid dysfunction
B. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Correct C. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
D. Chromosomal abnormalities

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11
A patient with a rare genetic disorder has a mutation in the HFE gene, leading to an accumulation of iron in the body. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
Correct A. Hemochromatosis
B. Thalassemia
C. Sickle Cell Anemia
D. Cystic Fibrosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A 35-year-old woman presents with symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Her thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is 0.5 mU/L. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her condition?
Correct A. Graves' disease
B. Toxic multinodular goiter
C. Subacute thyroiditis
D. Thyroiditis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
A 25-year-old man is diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder that affects his ability to synthesize certain amino acids. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
Correct A. Homocystinuria
B. Maple syrup urine disease
C. Phenylketonuria
D. Tyro\sinemia

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14
A 40-year-old woman presents with symptoms of osteoporosis. Her bone mineral density (BMD) is 0.8 g/cm^2. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her condition?
Correct A. Postmenopausal osteoporosis
B. Primary osteoporosis
C. Secondary osteoporosis
D. Osteomalacia

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
A 30-year-old man is diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder that affects his ability to synthesize certain amino acids. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
Correct A. Phenylketonuria
B. Maple syrup urine disease
C. Homocystinuria
D. Tyro\sinemia

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16
In the context of sense organs, what is the primary function of the cochlea in the human ear?
A. To transmit sound vibrations to the auditory nerve
Correct B. To convert sound vibrations into electrical signals
C. To amplify sound vibrations
D. To filter out background noise

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
A. Respiration
Correct B. Photosynthesis
C. Decomposition
D. Fermentation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
Which of the following is an example of a heterotrophic organism?
A. Bacteria
B. Chloroplast
Correct C. Human
D. Algae

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19
What is the term for the process by which an organism's genetic information is passed from one generation to the next?
A. Mutation
B. Genetic drift
C. Natural selection
Correct D. Heritability

Correct Answer: D

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Question 20
What is the primary function of the xylem in plants?
Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To transport sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the rest of the plant
C. To provide structural support to the plant
D. To regulate the plant's water balance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
The xylem tissue in plants is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Which of the following is a characteristic of xylem tissue?
A. It is composed of dead cells
B. It is responsible for transporting sugars from the leaves to the roots
C. It is composed of living cells
Correct D. It is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22
The process of natural selection acts on variation in a population, leading to the evolution of new traits. Which of the following is an example of a trait that has evolved through natural selection?
A. The development of antibiotic resis\tance in bacteria
Correct B. The evolution of the peppered moth
C. The development of pesticide resis\tance in insects
D. The evolution of the human eye

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
The human eye has a complex structure that allows it to detect light and transmit signals to the brain. Which of the following is a component of the human eye?
A. The lens
Correct B. The retina
C. The cornea
D. The sclera

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24
The process of meiosis results in the production of gametes with unique combinations of chromosomes. Which of the following is a result of meiosis?
A. The production of somatic cells
Correct B. The production of gametes with unique combinations of chromosomes
C. The production of gametes with identical combinations of chromosomes
D. The production of gametes with half the number of chromosomes

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body. Which of the following is a type of neuron?
A. Motor neuron
B. Sensory neuron
C. Interneuron
Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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