Exam Body

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Subject

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POST UTME SUMMIT UNIVERSITY 2018 Biology | Objective

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Question 1

In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are heterozygous for a particular gene, while 30% are homozygous recessive. If a random sample of 50 individuals is taken, what is the probability that the sample will contain at least one homozygous dominant individual?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.50

C. 0.75

D. 0.90

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2

A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of a particular species of bacteria. The researcher measures the growth rate of the bacteria at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. If the graph shows a sigmoidal curve, what can be concluded about the growth of the bacteria?

Correct A. The bacteria grow exponentially at first, then slow down as they reach their carrying capacity.

B. The bacteria grow linearly at first, then slow down as they reach their carrying capacity.

C. The bacteria grow exponentially throughout their entire growth phase.

D. The bacteria grow linearly throughout their entire growth phase.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

A plant has a pair of alleles for a particular gene, one dominant and one recessive. If the plant is crossed with another plant that is homozygous recessive for the same gene, what is the probability that the offspring will be homozygous dominant?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.50

C. 0.75

D. 0.90

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

A researcher is studying the effect of light on the growth of a particular species of plant. The researcher measures the growth rate of the plant at different light intensities and plots the data on a graph. If the graph shows a hyperbolic curve, what can be concluded about the growth of the plant?

Correct A. The plant grows exponentially at first, then slows down as the light intensity increases.

B. The plant grows linearly at first, then slows down as the light intensity increases.

C. The plant grows exponentially throughout its entire growth phase.

D. The plant grows linearly throughout its entire growth phase.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

A population of 1000 individuals has a mean height of 170 cm and a s\tandard deviation of 10 cm. If a random sample of 50 individuals is taken, what is the probability that the sample mean height will be greater than 175 cm?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.50

C. 0.75

D. 0.90

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'b' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'BB'?

A. 0.2

B. 0.4

Correct C. 0.6

D. 0.8

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

A researcher studying the eco\logy of a forest e\cosystem discovers that the population of a certain species of tree is limited by the availability of light. Which of the following factors is most likely to be the primary limiting factor for this species?

A. Water

Correct B. Light

C. Temperature

D. Nutrients

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the HBB gene. Which of the following is a possible consequence of this mutation?

A. Anemia

Correct B. Sickle cell disease

C. Thalassemia

D. Leukemia

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

A researcher is studying the evolution of a population of birds. The population is undergoing a process of natural selection, where birds with a certain trait are more likely to survive and reproduce. Which of the following is a possible outcome of this process?

A. The population becomes more diverse

Correct B. The population becomes less diverse

C. The population remains the same

D. The population becomes extinct

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with a disease caused by a virus that replicates in the host cell's cytoplasm. Which of the following is a possible mechanism by which the virus replicates?

A. The virus uses the host cell's DNA replication machinery

Correct B. The virus uses the host cell's RNA replication machinery

C. The virus replicates indep\endently of the host cell

D. The virus is destroyed by the host cell's immune system

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11

In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining electrolyte balance?

A. To regulate the amount of water in the body

Correct B. To maintain the balance of electrolytes in the body

C. To remove waste products from the body

D. To regulate blood pressure

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

What is the process by which cells divide to produce daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Correct A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

C. Binary fission

D. Endosymbiosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the term for the process by which a species becomes reproductively isolated from other species?

Correct A. Speciation

B. Adaptation

C. Mutation

D. Genetic drift

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

What is the term for the process by which an organism's genetic information is passed from one generation to the next?

A. Heritability

Correct B. Inheri\tance

C. Genetic variation

D. Mutation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

In the context of cell structure, what is the term for the region of the cell where proteins are synthesized?

Correct A. Ribosome

B. Mitochondria

C. Endoplasmic reticulum

D. Golgi apparatus

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

In a population of 1000 bacteria, 80% are susceptible to antibiotic treatment, 15% are resis\tant, and 5% are in a latent state. If 200 bacteria are treated with an antibiotic, what is the expected number of bacteria that will be killed?

A. 80

Correct B. 120

C. 160

D. 200

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

A 2.5 L flask contains 0.5 M NaOH. If 25 mL of 1.0 M HCl is slowly added to the flask, what is the resulting concentration of NaOH?

Correct A. 0.4 M

B. 0.5 M

C. 0.6 M

D. 0.7 M

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

A cell is placed in a solution with a pH of 4.5. If the cell membrane has a permeability coefficient of 1.2 x 10^-5 cm/s, what is the rate of diffusion of H+ ions into the cell?

A. 1.2 x 10^-5 cm/s

Correct B. 2.4 x 10^-5 cm/s

C. 3.6 x 10^-5 cm/s

D. 4.8 x 10^-5 cm/s

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

A 50 mL sample of a solution containing 0.5 M glu\cose is placed in a dialysis bag. If the bag is submerged in a 1.0 M glu\cose solution, what is the concentration of glu\cose in the dialysis bag after 30 minutes?

A. 0.25 M

B. 0.5 M

Correct C. 0.75 M

D. 1.0 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

A 100 mL sample of a solution containing 0.1 M NaCl is placed in a centrifuge tube. If the tube is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes, what is the volume of the superna\tant?

A. 50 mL

Correct B. 75 mL

C. 90 mL

D. 100 mL

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.36

C. 0.48

D. 0.16

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A researcher is studying the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant. The data collected is shown in the graph below. What is the rate of photosynthesis when the light intensity is 200 μmol/m²s?

A. 10.5 μmol CO₂/m²s

Correct B. 12.8 μmol CO₂/m²s

C. 15.1 μmol CO₂/m²s

D. 17.4 μmol CO₂/m²s

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

A bacterium is placed in a medium with a pH of 7.5. The bacterium has a growth rate of 0.5/h when the pH is 7.5. If the pH of the medium is decreased to 6.5, what is the new growth rate of the bacterium?

Correct A. 0.2/h

B. 0.3/h

C. 0.4/h

D. 0.5/h

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

A plant has a root system with a total surface area of 100 cm². If the plant is placed in a solution with a concentration of 0.1 M, what is the rate of water uptake by the plant?

A. 0.01 cm³/s

Correct B. 0.02 cm³/s

C. 0.03 cm³/s

D. 0.04 cm³/s

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the rate of respiration in a plant. The data collected is shown in the graph below. What is the rate of respiration when the temperature is 25°C?

A. 10.2 μmol CO₂/g/h

Correct B. 12.5 μmol CO₂/g/h

C. 15.8 μmol CO₂/g/h

D. 19.1 μmol CO₂/g/h

Correct Answer: B

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