POST UTME SKYLINE UNIVERSITY 2024 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are heterozygous for the gene controlling the production of a particular enzyme, while 30% are homozygous recessive. If the gene is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, what is the probability that an individual chosen at random from this population will be homozygous dominant?
Correct A. 0.3
B. 0.4
C. 0.5
D. 0.7

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the activity of an enzyme. The enzyme is most active at a pH of 7.5, and its activity decreases by 50% for every 1-unit decrease in pH below 7.5. If the enzyme is 25% active at a pH of 6.5, what is the pH at which the enzyme will be 12.5% active?
A. 5.5
B. 6.0
Correct C. 6.5
D. 7.0

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'X'?
A. Site of protein synthesis
B. Site of lipid synthesis
Correct C. Site of carbohydrate synthesis
D. Site of DNA replication

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'Y'?
A. Detects light
B. Focuses light
Correct C. Transmits visual signals
D. Regulates pupil size

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
A diagram of a human brain is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'Z'?
A. Processes sensory information
B. Regulates body temperature
C. Controls voluntary movements
Correct D. Coordinates involuntary movements

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6
In the context of hormonal coordination, what is the primary function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis?
A. Regulation of body temperature
B. Maintenance of blood pressure
C. Stimulation of the immune system
Correct D. Response to stress and anxiety

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7
Which of the following biomes is characterized by a high level of precipitation and a diverse array of plant and animal species?
Correct A. Tropical rainforest
B. Temperate deciduous forest
C. Grassland
D. Desert

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8
In the context of transport systems, what is the primary function of the xylem in plants?
Correct A. Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves
B. Transport of sugars and amino acids from leaves to roots
C. Regulation of stomatal opening and clo\sing
D. Maintenance of turgor pressure in cells

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
Which of the following evolutionary theories proposes that species adapt to their environments through the process of natural selection?
A. Gradualism
B. Punctuated equilibrium
Correct C. Natural selection
D. Genetic drift

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10
In the context of classification of living things, what is the primary function of the kingdom level?
Correct A. Classification of organisms based on their cell structure
B. Classification of organisms based on their body symmetry
C. Classification of organisms based on their metabolic processes
D. Classification of organisms based on their genetic makeup

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, which is triggered by the activation of the Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mSpindle033[0m033[39m033[0m apparatus. Which of the following is a key component of the Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mSpindle033[0m033[39m033[0m apparatus?
Correct A. Microtubules
B. Centrioles
C. Mitochondria
D. Ribosomes

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
The Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mNervous033[0m033[39m033[0m system is responsible for transmitting signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. Which of the following types of sensory receptors are responsible for detecting changes in temperature?
A. Mechanoreceptors
Correct B. Thermoreceptors
C. Photoreceptors
D. Electroreceptors

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13
In the process of Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mRespiration033[0m033[39m033[0m, the breakdown of glu\cose to produce ATP occurs in the Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mMitochondria033[0m033[39m033[0m. Which of the following is the primary electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
A. NADH
B. FADH2
Correct C. O2
D. ATP

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14
The Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mTransport033[0m033[39m033[0m system in plants is responsible for moving water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. Which of the following is the primary function of the Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mXylem033[0m033[39m033[0m tissue?
Correct A. Transporting water and minerals
B. Storing food and water
C. Supporting the plant
D. Regulating gas exchange

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
The Δ033[1m033[4m033[32mHormonal033[0m033[39m033[0m system in animals is responsible for regulating various physio\logical processes. Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the growth and development of the reproductive system?
A. Growth hormone
B. Thyroid hormone
C. Adrenaline
Correct D. Oestrogen

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells is known as
Correct A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Binary Fission
D. Endoreduplication

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is known as
Correct A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Transpiration
D. Translocation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
The type of respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is known as
Correct A. Aerobic Respiration
B. Anaerobic Respiration
C. Fermentation
D. Glycolysis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19
The process by which the nervous system transmits signals is known as
A. Synaptic Transmission
Correct B. Neurotransmission
C. Action Potential
D. Resting Potential

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20
The type of classification that groups living organisms based on their evolutionary relationships is known as
Correct A. Phy\logenetic Classification
B. Taxonomic Classification
C. Morpho\logical Classification
D. Eco\logical Classification

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a population of 1000 individuals, 20% are heterozygous for the ABO blood group system. If 10% of the population is type A, 5% is type B, and 2% is type AB, what is the probability that a randomly selected individual is type O?
Correct A. 0.15
B. 0.20
C. 0.25
D. 0.30

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The researcher measures the growth of E. coli at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. If the graph shows a sigmoidal curve with a Hill coefficient of 2, what is the type of enzyme that is most likely responsible for the observed growth?
A. allosteric enzyme
Correct B. cooperative enzyme
C. non-cooperative enzyme
D. allosteric enzyme with a Hill coefficient of 2

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
A population of 1000 individuals is divided into 10 equal-sized groups. Each group is given a different diet, and the effect on the population's average height is measured. If the average height of the population increases by 2 cm after 10 years, what is the probability that the increase is due to the diet rather than other factors?
A. 0.05
B. 0.10
Correct C. 0.20
D. 0.30

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
A researcher is studying the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant. The researcher measures the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures and plots the data on a graph. If the graph shows a sigmoidal curve with a Hill coefficient of 3, what is the type of enzyme that is most likely responsible for the observed rate?
A. allosteric enzyme
Correct B. cooperative enzyme
C. non-cooperative enzyme
D. allosteric enzyme with a Hill coefficient of 3

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
A population of 1000 individuals is divided into 10 equal-sized groups. Each group is given a different exercise program, and the effect on the population's average strength is measured. If the average strength of the population increases by 5 kg after 10 years, what is the probability that the increase is due to the exercise program rather than other factors?
A. 0.05
B. 0.10
Correct C. 0.20
D. 0.30

Correct Answer: C

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