POST UTME RHEMA UNIVERSITY 2020 Biology | Objective

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1
In the context of respiratory physio\logy, what is the primary function of the diaphragm during inspiration?
A. To increase thoracic pressure
B. To decrease thoracic pressure
C. To maintain cons\tant thoracic pressure
D. To increase abdominal pressure
Question 2
The xylem of a plant consists of tracheids, vessels, and xylem parenchyma cells. What is the primary function of the xylem parenchyma cells?
A. To transport water and minerals
B. To store food and water
C. To support the plant's structure
D. To produce hormones
Question 3
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
A. 0.64
B. 0.36
C. 0.16
D. 0.04
Question 4
A 40-year-old man presents with a 5-year history of progressive difficulty with speech and swallowing. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this patient's symptoms?
A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
B. Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)
C. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)
D. Multiple system atrophy (MSA)
Question 5
A researcher is studying the effects of a new medication on blood pressure in a group of patients. Which of the following statistical tests would be most appropriate for analyzing the data?
A. t-test
B. ANOVA
C. Regression analysis
D. Chi-squared test
Question 6
A neuron's action potential is generated by the movement of ions across its membrane. Which of the following ions is primarily responsible for the depolarization phase of the action potential?
A. Sodium ions \( Na+ \)
B. Potassium ions \( K+ \)
C. Calcium ions \( Ca2+ \)
D. Chloride ions \( Cl- \)
Question 7
In a photosynthetic pathway, which of the following pigments is responsible for absorbing light energy in the blue-violet region of the visible spectrum?
A. Chlorophyll a
B. Chlorophyll b
C. Carotenoids
D. Phycobiliproteins
Question 8
A 35-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of amenorrhea. Physical examination reveals a well-developed female with a normal secondary sexual characteristic. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her amenorrhea?
A. Pituitary gland tumor
B. Hypothalamic dysfunction
C. Ovarian failure
D. Uterine anomaly
Question 9
A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatrician with a history of recurrent infections. Physical examination reveals a child with a small thymus and a lack of T cells in the blood. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. DiGeorge syndrome
B. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
C. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
D. Ataxia-telangiectasia
Question 10
A geneticist is studying the effect of a mutation on the structure of a protein. The geneticist uses X-ray crystal\lography to determine the structure of the protein and finds that the mutation causes a change in the secondary structure of the protein. Which of the following best describes the effect of the mutation on the protein?
A. The mutation causes a change in the primary structure of the protein.
B. The mutation causes a change in the secondary structure of the protein.
C. The mutation causes a change in the tertiary structure of the protein.
D. The mutation has no effect on the structure of the protein.
Question 11
A cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of glu\cose. Which of the following processes would be most likely to occur?
A. Osmosis
B. Diffusion
C. Active transport
D. Passive transport
Question 12
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for detecting light and transmitting visual information to the brain?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
C. Lens
D. Retina
Question 13
A researcher is studying the effect of pH on the growth of E. coli. The researcher measures the growth of E. coli at different pH levels and plots the data on a graph. Which of the following best describes the relationship between pH and E. coli growth?
A. The growth of E. coli increases as pH increases.
B. The growth of E. coli decreases as pH increases.
C. The growth of E. coli remains cons\tant regardless of pH.
D. The relationship between pH and E. coli growth is unclear.
Question 14
A diagram of the human circulatory system is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'D'?
A. To pump blood to the lungs
B. To pump blood to the body
C. To transport oxygenated blood
D. To transport deoxygenated blood
Question 15
In the context of eco\logy, what is the term for the process by which an organism's genetic makeup changes over time?
A. Adaptation
B. Evolution
C. Mutation
D. Genetic drift

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