POST UTME OSUSTECH 2017 Biology | Objective

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Question 1 View Details
In the context of the human visual system, what is the primary function of the optic nerve?
Correct A. To transmit visual information from the retina to the brain
B. To regulate the amount of light entering the eye
C. To focus light onto the retina
D. To detect changes in color

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2 View Details
A plant's xylem is responsible for transporting?
Correct A. water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. sugars and amino acids from the leaves to the roots
C. oxygen from the roots to the leaves
D. carbon dioxide from the leaves to the roots

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3 View Details
The process of asexual reproduction in which a new individual is produced from a \single parent cell is called?
A. mitosis
B. meiosis
Correct C. binary fission
D. budding

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4 View Details
The classification of living things into kingdoms is based on?
A. morpho\logy
B. physio\logy
C. biochemistry
Correct D. cellular structure

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5 View Details
The diagram below shows the structure of a typical plant cell. What is the function of the cell wall?
Correct A. to provide structural support to the cell
B. to regulate the movement of materials in and out of the cell
C. to synthesize proteins
D. to store genetic information

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6 View Details
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. What is the primary assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
A. Random mating
B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
Correct D. No natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7 View Details
A 2-year-old child is diagnosed with a rare genetic disorder that affects the kidneys and causes them to fail. Which of the following is a possible cause of this disorder?
Correct A. Mutation in the HNF1B gene
B. Deletion of the WT1 gene
C. Inheri\tance of the APOL1 gene
D. Infection with the BK virus

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8 View Details
A 35-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of progressive weakness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Her physical examination reveals a pale complexion, a low-grade fever, and a palpable spleen. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct A. Chronic myeloid leukemia
B. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
C. Polycythemia vera
D. Myelodysplastic syndrome

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9 View Details
A 45-year-old man presents with a 5-year history of progressive difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and shortness of breath. His physical examination reveals a palpable thyroid gland and a hoarse voice. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Papillary thyroid carcinoma
B. Follicular thyroid carcinoma
C. Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Correct D. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10 View Details
A 28-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of progressive difficulty walking, weakness, and numbness in her legs. Her physical examination reveals a decreased reflexes and a positive Babinski sign. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
C. Guillain-Barré syndrome
D. Transverse myelitis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11 View Details
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
Correct A. 0.64
B. 0.36
C. 0.16
D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12 View Details
A plant has a mutation that affects the expression of the gene encoding the enzyme responsible for the conversion of starch to glu\cose. If the plant is grown in a controlled environment with a cons\tant temperature and light intensity, what is the expected effect on the plant's growth rate?
A. Increased growth rate
Correct B. Decreased growth rate
C. No effect on growth rate
D. Increased root growth

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13 View Details
A scientist is studying the effect of pH on the activity of the enzyme catalase. If the pH of the solution is increased, what is the expected effect on the activity of the enzyme?
A. Increased activity
Correct B. Decreased activity
C. No effect on activity
D. Increased stability

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14 View Details
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplast
Correct C. Nucleus
D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15 View Details
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'B'?
A. Cornea
Correct B. Iris
C. Lens
D. Retina

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16 View Details
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population size is 1000, how many individuals are expected to be homozygous recessive?
A. 100
B. 200
Correct C. 400
D. 800

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17 View Details
A 0.1 M solution of NaOH is mixed with a 0.2 M solution of HCl. What is the pH of the resulting solution?
A. 1
Correct B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18 View Details
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'X'?
A. photosynthesis
B. respiration
C. transpiration
Correct D. osmoregulation

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19 View Details
A 2.0 g sample of a subs\tance is dissolved in 100 mL of water. What is the molarity of the solution?
A. 0.02 M
Correct B. 0.04 M
C. 0.06 M
D. 0.08 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20 View Details
A diagram of a simple harmonic motion is shown below. What is the frequency of the motion?
A. 1 Hz
B. 2 Hz
Correct C. 3 Hz
D. 4 Hz

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21 View Details
In the xylem transport system, what is the primary function of the xylem parenchyma cells?
A. To regulate water potential
Correct B. To store starch and other nutrients
C. To produce turgor pressure
D. To facilitate transpiration

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22 View Details
What is the primary difference between a sense organ and a sensory receptor?
Correct A. Sense organs are specialized to detect specific stimuli, while sensory receptors are general-purpose detectors
B. Sense organs are composed of sensory receptors, while sensory receptors are part of sense organs
C. Sense organs are responsible for transmitting signals to the brain, while sensory receptors are responsible for detecting stimuli
D. Sense organs are found only in animals, while sensory receptors are found in both animals and plants

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23 View Details
In the classification of living things, what is the primary function of the kingdom level?
A. To group organisms based on their cell structure and metabolism
B. To group organisms based on their body structure and development
Correct C. To group organisms based on their genetic makeup and evolutionary history
D. To group organisms based on their habitat and behavior

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24 View Details
What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
A. To synthesize proteins
B. To store genetic information
Correct C. To modify and package proteins for transport
D. To regulate cell growth and division

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25 View Details
In the process of mitosis, what is the primary function of the anaphase stage?
Correct A. To separate the sister chromatids
B. To align the chromosomes at the metaphase plate
C. To condense the chromosomes
D. To decondense the chromosomes

Correct Answer: A

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