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POST UTME NOUN 2023 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME NOUN exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2023 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1

In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis involves the separation of chromosomes into two daughter cells. Which stage of mitosis is characterized by the condensation of chromosomes and the formation of the spindle apparatus?

Correct A. Prophase

B. Metaphase

C. Anaphase

D. Telophase

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A plant cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of sucrose. What will happen to the cell?

A. The cell will shrink due to water loss.

Correct B. The cell will swell due to water uptake.

C. The cell will remain unchanged.

D. The cell will burst due to osmotic pressure.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

A genetic cross between two organisms results in a 9:3:3:1 ratio of phenotypes. What type of inheri\tance is occurring?

Correct A. Incomplete dominance

B. Codominance

C. Incomplete penetrance

D. Polygenic inheri\tance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The diagram below shows a cross-section of a nerve cell. What is the function of the myelin sheath?

A. To protect the nerve cell from damage.

Correct B. To increase the speed of nerve impulses.

C. To decrease the speed of nerve impulses.

D. To increase the strength of nerve impulses.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

A hormone is a chemical messenger that is produced by glands in the \endocrine system. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Correct A. Insulin

B. Glucagon

C. Adrenaline

D. Thyroxine

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'b' for black eyes is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'B'B'?

A. 0.2

Correct B. 0.4

C. 0.6

D. 0.8

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7

A 2.5 L flask contains 0.5 M HCl. If 2.0 g of NaOH is added to the flask, what is the concentration of the resulting solution?

A. 0.2 M

B. 0.4 M

Correct C. 0.6 M

D. 0.8 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8

A diagram shows a plant with 5 petals, 3 sepals, and 6 stamens. What is the correct classification of this plant?

A. Monocot

B. Dicot

C. Gymnosperm

Correct D. Angiosperm

Correct Answer: D

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Question 9

A 10 kg block is attached to a horizontal spring with a force cons\tant of 100 N/m. If the block is displaced by 0.2 m from its equilibrium position and released, what is the maximum speed of the block?

A. 0.5 m/s

B. 1.0 m/s

Correct C. 1.5 m/s

D. 2.0 m/s

Correct Answer: C

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Question 10

A diagram shows a simple harmonic motion with a period of 2 s. If the amplitude of the motion is 0.5 m, what is the maximum acceleration of the block?

A. 2 m/s^2

B. 4 m/s^2

Correct C. 6 m/s^2

D. 8 m/s^2

Correct Answer: C

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Question 11

In the process of osmoregulation, which of the following is a primary mechanism for maintaining water balance in the body?

Correct A. Active transport of ions across cell membranes

B. Passive transport of water through osmosis

C. Excretion of excess water through the kidneys

D. Ingestion of water through drinking

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

A diagram of the xylem and phloem tissues in a plant stem is shown below. Which of the following is the primary function of the xylem tissue?

Correct A. Transport of water and minerals from roots to leaves

B. Transport of sugars and other organic compounds from leaves to roots

C. Support and structure for the plant stem

D. Storage of food and water in the plant stem

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

The equation for the rate of diffusion of a gas across a membrane is given by Fick's law: \( J = -D \frac{dC}{dx} \). What is the unit of the diffusion coefficient (D) in this equation?

Correct A. m^2/s

B. m/s

C. s^-1

D. m^3/s

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

A diagram of the respiratory system is shown below. Which of the following is the primary function of the alveoli?

Correct A. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream

B. Filtering of the blood to remove waste products

C. Production of mucus to trap dust and other particles

D. Regulation of body temperature

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequency of a gene in a population remains cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary forces. What is the formula for the frequency of the dominant allele (A) in a population?

Correct A. \( p^2 \)

B. ( 2pq )

C. \( q^2 \)

D. \( p + q \)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

In the context of hormonal coordination, what is the primary function of the hypothalamus in regulating the pituitary gland?

Correct A. To produce hormones that stimulate the pituitary gland

B. To inhibit the production of hormones by the pituitary gland

C. To regulate the secretion of hormones by the adrenal glands

D. To stimulate the release of hormones by the thyroid gland

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

Which of the following types of tissue is characterized by its ability to contract and relax?

A. Epithelial tissue

B. Connective tissue

Correct C. Muscle tissue

D. Nervous tissue

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

In the context of genetics, what is the term for the process by which an organism's genetic information is passed from one generation to the next?

A. Mutation

B. Genetic drift

C. Natural selection

Correct D. Heritability

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19

Which of the following organs is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the human body?

Correct A. Lungs

B. Heart

C. Liver

D. Kidneys

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

In the context of respiration, what is the term for the process by which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body's cells?

Correct A. Oxygenation

B. Deoxygenation

C. Respiration

D. Perfusion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

In the process of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in a desert-dwelling organism?

Correct A. To conserve water by reabsorbing water from the filtrate

B. To excrete excess salt by producing a highly concentrated urine

C. To regulate electrolyte balance by adjusting the amount of ions in the urine

D. To produce a highly acidic urine to help eliminate excess hydrogen ions

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A 25-year-old male patient presents with symptoms of chronic bronchitis. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of this condition?

Correct A. Increased mucus production in the bronchi

B. Inflammation of the bronchial tubes

C. Obstruction of the airways by mucus plugs

D. Destruction of the alveolar-capillary membrane

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

A 35-year-old female patient is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of this condition?

Correct A. Hyperglycemia due to insulin resis\tance

B. Hypoglycemia due to insulin deficiency

C. Hyperinsulinemia due to insulin excess

D. Hypoinsulinemia due to insulin deficiency

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

A 40-year-old male patient presents with symptoms of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of this condition?

Correct A. Progressive loss of kidney function

B. Inflammation of the kidneys

C. Obstruction of the renal arteries

D. Destruction of the renal parenchyma

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

A 30-year-old female patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of this condition?

Correct A. Presence of pus in the affected area

B. Inflammation of the affected tissue

C. Fever and chills

D. Rapid progression of the infection

Correct Answer: A

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