Practice Post UTME MOUNTAIN TOP UNIVERSITY geography 2023 Past Questions

Question 1

A river's erosive power is influenced by its discharge, gradient, and bed load. Which of the following factors has the greatest impact on a river's erosive power?

Correct A. Discharge

B. Gradient

C. Bed load

D. Channel width

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

The diagram below shows the cross-section of a river valley. Which of the following landforms is NOT a result of fluvial erosion?

A. Meander

B. Oxbow lake

C. Delta

Correct D. Canyon

Correct Answer: D

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Question 3

The diagram below shows the climate and vegetation belts of Nigeria. Which of the following regions is characterized by a tropical rainforest climate?

Correct A. Tropical rainforest

B. Savanna

C. Desert

D. Mountainous region

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The diagram below shows the process of soil formation. Which of the following factors is NOT a component of the soil formation process?

A. Weathering

B. Erosion

C. Deposition

Correct D. Fusion

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5

The diagram below shows the geological map of Nigeria. Which of the following rock types is NOT found in Nigeria?

A. Igneous

B. Sedimentary

C. Metamorphic

Correct D. Foliated rock

Correct Answer: D

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Question 6

Using the concept of isostasy, explain the formation of mountain ranges and the subsequent effect on the Earth's crust.

Correct A. The formation of mountain ranges is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent collision of continents.

B. The formation of mountain ranges is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent rifting of continents.

C. The formation of mountain ranges is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent volcanic activity.

D. The formation of mountain ranges is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent erosion of the Earth's crust.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A diagram of a river system is shown below. Using the concept of drainage basins, explain the relationship between the river and its tributaries.

Correct A. The river and its tributaries are connected through a network of streams and rivers.

B. The river and its tributaries are connected through a network of lakes and wetlands.

C. The river and its tributaries are connected through a network of canals and aqueducts.

D. The river and its tributaries are connected through a network of glaciers and snowmelt.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

Using the concept of plate tectonics, explain the formation of a fault line and the subsequent effect on the Earth's crust.

A. The formation of a fault line is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent collision of continents.

Correct B. The formation of a fault line is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent rifting of continents.

C. The formation of a fault line is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent volcanic activity.

D. The formation of a fault line is due to the movement of tectonic plates and the subsequent erosion of the Earth's crust.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

A diagram of a soil profile is shown below. Using the concept of soil formation, explain the relationship between the different layers of soil.

Correct A. The different layers of soil are formed through the process of weathering and erosion.

B. The different layers of soil are formed through the process of sedimentation and deposition.

C. The different layers of soil are formed through the process of plate tectonics and volcanic activity.

D. The different layers of soil are formed through the process of human activity and agriculture.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

Using the concept of environmental management, explain the importance of conservation and sustainability in the management of natural resources.

Correct A. Conservation and sustainability are important for the management of natural resources because they help to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem services.

B. Conservation and sustainability are important for the management of natural resources because they help to reduce pollution and climate change.

C. Conservation and sustainability are important for the management of natural resources because they help to increase economic growth and development.

D. Conservation and sustainability are important for the management of natural resources because they help to improve human health and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The process of weathering that involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments due to the expansion and contraction of water within the rock's pores is known as:

A. Chemical Weathering

Correct B. Physical Weathering

C. Biological Weathering

D. Hydrolysis

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

A city with a population of 500,000 people has a growth rate of 3% per annum. If the city's population is expected to double in 20 years, what is the annual growth rate of the city's population?

A. 2%

B. 3%

Correct C. 4%

D. 5%

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13

The diagram below shows the relationship between the amount of rainfall and the number of days with rainfall in a given year. What is the type of relationship shown in the diagram?

A. Direct Proportion

B. Inverse Proportion

C. Direct Variation

Correct D. Inverse Variation

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14

The diagram below shows the cross-section of a river. What is the name of the landform shown in the diagram?

Correct A. Meander

B. Oxbow Lake

C. Delta

D. Floodplain

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The diagram below shows the relationship between the amount of rainfall and the number of days with rainfall in a given year. What is the type of relationship shown in the diagram?

A. Direct Proportion

B. Inverse Proportion

C. Direct Variation

Correct D. Inverse Variation

Correct Answer: D

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Question 16

The diagram below represents a cross-section of a river valley. Identify the type of soil formation that occurred in this valley.

Correct A. Alluvial soil

B. Residual soil

C. Colluvial soil

D. Glacial soil

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A company is planning to build a new factory in a region with a high level of soil erosion. Which of the following environmental management strategies would be most effective in mitigating this issue?

A. Reforestation

Correct B. Terracing

C. Contour farming

D. Crop rotation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18

The Earth's climate is influenced by the amount of solar energy it receives from the Sun. Which of the following factors affects the amount of solar energy the Earth receives?

Correct A. Earth's distance from the Sun

B. Earth's axis tilt

C. Atmospheric gases

D. Ocean currents

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

The diagram below represents a cross-section of a river delta. Identify the type of vegetation that is most likely to be found in this region.

A. Mangrove forest

Correct B. Salt marsh

C. Freshwater wetland

D. Grassland

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20

A company is planning to build a new factory in a region with a high level of soil erosion. Which of the following environmental management strategies would be most effective in mitigating this issue?

A. Reforestation

Correct B. Terracing

C. Contour farming

D. Crop rotation

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

The concept of 'Economic Man' in geography is associated with which of the following economists?

A. Adam Smith

B. David Ricardo

Correct C. Alfred Marshall

D. John Maynard Keynes

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22

The diagram below shows the relationship between GDP and population growth. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of the diagram?

A. GDP is directly proportional to population growth

Correct B. GDP is inversely proportional to population growth

C. Population growth is directly proportional to GDP

D. Population growth is inversely proportional to GDP

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

The concept of 'carrying capacity' in geography refers to the maximum number of people that a given area can support without degrading the environment. Which of the following is a factor that affects carrying capacity?

A. Climate

B. Soil quality

C. Water availability

Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The diagram below shows the different stages of the water cycle. Which of the following is a correct description of the process?

A. Evaporation occurs when water is heated by the sun

Correct B. Condensation occurs when water vapor cools and changes back to liquid

C. Precipitation occurs when water vapor falls to the ground as rain or snow

D. Runoff occurs when water flows over the ground and into streams and rivers

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25

The concept of 'sustainable development' in geography refers to the ability of a community to meet its current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Which of the following is a principle of sustainable development?

A. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

B. Conserve natural resources

C. Promote economic growth

Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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