Practice Post UTME MOUNTAIN TOP UNIVERSITY government 2018 Past Questions

Question 1

In a democratic system, what is the primary source of legitimacy for a government?

Correct A. The people

B. The constitution

C. The monarch

D. The military

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

What is the main difference between a federal system and a unitary system of government?

A. In a federal system, power is concentrated at the central government, while in a unitary system, power is decentralized

Correct B. In a federal system, power is decentralized, while in a unitary system, power is concentrated at the central government

C. In a federal system, there is a strong central government, while in a unitary system, there is a weak central government

D. In a federal system, there is a weak central government, while in a unitary system, there is a strong central government

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

What is the concept of 'checks and balances' in a system of government?

A. A system in which one branch of government has complete control over the other branches

Correct B. A system in which each branch of government has some power to limit the actions of the other branches

C. A system in which the government is divided into separate branches, each with its own powers and responsibilities

D. A system in which the government is controlled by a single individual or group

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

What is the main purpose of the rule of law in a democratic system?

A. To protect the rights of the minority

B. To promote the interests of the majority

Correct C. To ensure that the government is accountable to the people

D. To provide a framework for the government to make decisions

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

What is the concept of 'separation of powers' in a system of government?

A. A system in which one branch of government has complete control over the other branches

B. A system in which each branch of government has some power to limit the actions of the other branches

Correct C. A system in which the government is divided into separate branches, each with its own powers and responsibilities

D. A system in which the government is controlled by a single individual or group

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in public administration is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how the two concepts are intertwined, using the example of the pre-colonial Yoruba Empire.

A. Legitimacy is the acceptance of authority by the governed, while authority is the power to govern.

B. Authority is the power to govern, while legitimacy is the moral right to govern.

Correct C. Legitimacy is the moral right to govern, while authority is the acceptance of governance by the governed.

D. Authority and legitimacy are interchangeable terms in public administration.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

The United Nations has been criticized for its inability to prevent humanitarian crises in various parts of the world. Discuss the role of the UN in preventing humanitarian crises, using the example of the Rwandan genocide.

A. The UN has a clear mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but lacks the resources to do so.

Correct B. The UN has a clear mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but is hindered by the veto power of its permanent members.

C. The UN has no mandate to prevent humanitarian crises, but can provide humanitarian aid after the fact.

D. The UN is not responsible for preventing humanitarian crises, as this is the responsibility of individual states.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The concept of power in public administration is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how the two concepts are intertwined, using the example of the colonial administration in Nigeria.

A. Power is the ability to influence the behavior of others, while authority is the right to make decisions.

Correct B. Authority is the right to make decisions, while power is the ability to enforce those decisions.

C. Power and authority are interchangeable terms in public administration.

D. Authority is the acceptance of power by the governed, while power is the ability to govern.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been criticized for its inability to promote economic integration in the region. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting economic integration, using the example of the ECOWAS Trade Liberalization Scheme.

A. ECOWAS has a clear mandate to promote economic integration, but lacks the resources to do so.

Correct B. ECOWAS has a clear mandate to promote economic integration, but is hindered by the lack of commitment from its member states.

C. ECOWAS has no mandate to promote economic integration, but can provide technical assistance to its member states.

D. ECOWAS is not responsible for promoting economic integration, as this is the responsibility of individual states.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

The concept of rule of law in public administration is closely related to the idea of human rights. Discuss how the two concepts are intertwined, using the example of the Nigerian Constitution.

Correct A. Rule of law is the principle that the government and citizens are subject to the law, while human rights are the rights of citizens to be treated fairly and justly.

B. Human rights are the rights of citizens to be treated fairly and justly, while rule of law is the principle that the government and citizens are subject to the law.

C. Rule of law and human rights are interchangeable terms in public administration.

D. Human rights are not protected by the rule of law, but by international human rights instruments.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of 'indirect rule' in colonial administration refers to the practice of allowing local rulers to maintain a degree of autonomy while still being subject to the authority of the colonial power. Which of the following best describes the primary motivation behind this policy?

A. To reduce the financial burden of colonial administration

B. To promote cultural exchange between the colonizer and the colonized

Correct C. To maintain stability and order in the colonized territory

D. To exploit the natural resources of the colonized territory

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12

The United Nations Charter establishes the organization's primary purpose as promoting peace and security among its member states. However, the Charter also recognizes the right of member states to self-defense. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the UN's collective security system and the right of self-defense?

A. The UN's collective security system supersedes the right of self-defense

Correct B. The right of self-defense is a necessary condition for the UN's collective security system to function

C. The UN's collective security system and the right of self-defense are mutually exclusive

D. The UN's collective security system and the right of self-defense are equivalent concepts

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) was established in 1975 with the goal of promoting economic integration among its member states. Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism by which ECOWAS achieves its goal?

A. Through the establishment of a common currency

Correct B. Through the creation of a regional trade bloc

C. Through the promotion of infrastructure development

D. Through the provision of technical assistance to member states

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

The concept of 'separation of powers' in constitutional design refers to the division of power among separate branches of government. Which of the following best describes the primary advantage of this system?

A. It promotes accountability and transparency in government

B. It allows for more efficient decision-making

Correct C. It prevents the concentration of power in any one branch of government

D. It reduces the risk of conflict between branches of government

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

The concept of 'electoral system' refers to the rules and procedures governing the conduct of elections. Which of the following best describes the primary characteristic of a 'first-past-the-post' electoral system?

Correct A. It awards seats to the candidate with the most votes

B. It awards seats to the candidate with the least votes

C. It awards seats to the candidate with the highest percentage of votes

D. It awards seats to the candidate with the lowest percentage of votes

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, using examples from both democratic and authoritarian regimes.

Correct A. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for authority, but not sufficient.

B. Authority is a necessary condition for legitimacy, but not sufficient.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable concepts.

D. Legitimacy is a product of authority, but not the other way around.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

The United Nations (UN) has been criticized for its inability to prevent or resolve conflicts in various parts of the world. Discuss the role of the UN in conflict prevention and resolution, highlighting its successes and failures.

A. The UN has been successful in preventing conflicts, but has failed to resolve them.

B. The UN has been successful in resolving conflicts, but has failed to prevent them.

Correct C. The UN has been ineffective in both preventing and resolving conflicts.

D. The UN has been successful in both preventing and resolving conflicts.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

The concept of power in political systems is often associated with the ability to influence or control the behavior of others. Discuss the different types of power, including coercive, legitimate, and expert power, using examples from both domestic and international politics.

A. Coercive power is the most effective type of power in achieving desired outcomes.

Correct B. Legitimate power is the most effective type of power in achieving desired outcomes.

C. Expert power is the most effective type of power in achieving desired outcomes.

D. All types of power are equally effective in achieving desired outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

The concept of authority in political systems is often associated with the right to make decisions or take actions on behalf of others. Discuss the different types of authority, including legal, moral, and traditional authority, using examples from both democratic and authoritarian regimes.

Correct A. Legal authority is the most effective type of authority in achieving desired outcomes.

B. Moral authority is the most effective type of authority in achieving desired outcomes.

C. Traditional authority is the most effective type of authority in achieving desired outcomes.

D. All types of authority are equally effective in achieving desired outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is often associated with the idea of rightness or justice. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and justice, using examples from both democratic and authoritarian regimes.

A. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for justice, but not sufficient.

Correct B. Justice is a necessary condition for legitimacy, but not sufficient.

C. Legitimacy and justice are interchangeable concepts.

D. Legitimacy is a product of justice, but not the other way around.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

The concept of authority in political systems is often associated with the right to make decisions or take actions on behalf of others. Discuss the different types of authority, including legal, moral, and traditional authority, using examples from both democratic and authoritarian regimes.

Correct A. Legal authority is the most effective type of authority in achieving desired outcomes.

B. Moral authority is the most effective type of authority in achieving desired outcomes.

C. Traditional authority is the most effective type of authority in achieving desired outcomes.

D. All types of authority are equally effective in achieving desired outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

The concept of power in political systems is often associated with the ability to influence or control the behavior of others. Discuss the different types of power, including coercive, legitimate, and expert power, using examples from both domestic and international politics.

A. Coercive power is the most effective type of power in achieving desired outcomes.

Correct B. Legitimate power is the most effective type of power in achieving desired outcomes.

C. Expert power is the most effective type of power in achieving desired outcomes.

D. All types of power are equally effective in achieving desired outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is often associated with the idea of rightness or justice. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and justice, using examples from both democratic and authoritarian regimes.

A. Legitimacy is a necessary condition for justice, but not sufficient.

Correct B. Justice is a necessary condition for legitimacy, but not sufficient.

C. Legitimacy and justice are interchangeable concepts.

D. Legitimacy is a product of justice, but not the other way around.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

The concept of legitimacy in the context of political power is closely related to the idea of

A. Authority

B. Power

Correct C. Legitimacy

D. Mandate

Correct Answer: C

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Question 25

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that aims to promote economic integration and cooperation among its member states. Which of the following is a key objective of ECOWAS?

Correct A. To promote economic integration and cooperation among its member states

B. To promote political integration and cooperation among its member states

C. To promote social integration and cooperation among its member states

D. To promote cultural integration and cooperation among its member states

Correct Answer: A

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