Practice Post UTME MADONNA UNIVERSITY government 2018 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of legitimacy in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss.

Correct A. Legitimacy is the acceptance of authority by the governed.

B. Authority is the power to make decisions, while legitimacy is the right to make decisions.

C. Legitimacy is the moral justification for authority, while authority is the power to enforce decisions.

D. Legitimacy is the acceptance of authority by the governed, while authority is the power to make decisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

The electoral system in Nigeria is based on the principle of one man, one vote. Discuss the implications of this principle.

Correct A. The principle of one man, one vote ensures that every citizen has an equal say in the election process.

B. The principle of one man, one vote leads to a winner-takes-all scenario, where the winner gets all the seats.

C. The principle of one man, one vote ensures that the majority wins, but the minority has no say.

D. The principle of one man, one vote leads to a proportional representation system, where seats are allocated based on the number of votes received.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

The rule of law is a fundamental principle of democracy. Discuss the importance of the rule of law in Nigeria.

Correct A. The rule of law ensures that the government is accountable to the people and that the rights of citizens are protected.

B. The rule of law leads to a situation where the government is above the law and citizens have no rights.

C. The rule of law ensures that the government has absolute power and citizens have no say in the decision-making process.

D. The rule of law leads to a situation where the government is not accountable to the people and citizens have no rights.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

The concept of power in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the difference between power and authority.

Correct A. Power is the ability to make decisions, while authority is the right to make decisions.

B. Authority is the power to make decisions, while power is the ability to enforce decisions.

C. Power is the ability to make decisions, while authority is the moral justification for making decisions.

D. Authority is the power to make decisions, while power is the ability to make decisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The electoral system in Nigeria is based on the principle of proportional representation. Discuss the implications of this principle.

Correct A. The principle of proportional representation ensures that the number of seats allocated to a party is proportional to the number of votes received.

B. The principle of proportional representation leads to a situation where the winner gets all the seats.

C. The principle of proportional representation ensures that the majority wins, but the minority has no say.

D. The principle of proportional representation leads to a situation where the government is not accountable to the people and citizens have no rights.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, and provide examples of how they are exercised in different political systems.

Correct A. Legitimacy is the acceptance of authority by the people, while authority is the power to make decisions.

B. Authority is the source of legitimacy, while legitimacy is the outcome of authority.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms.

D. Legitimacy is the power to make decisions, while authority is the acceptance of those decisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A country's foreign policy is shaped by its national interests, values, and beliefs. Discuss the role of national interests in shaping a country's foreign policy, and provide examples of how different countries have pursued their national interests in international relations.

Correct A. National interests are the primary driver of a country's foreign policy.

B. National interests are secondary to a country's values and beliefs in shaping its foreign policy.

C. National interests are interchangeable with a country's values and beliefs.

D. National interests are not relevant in shaping a country's foreign policy.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A political party's ideology is a reflection of its core values and beliefs. Discuss the role of ideology in shaping a political party's policies and actions, and provide examples of how different political parties have pursued their ideologies in practice.

Correct A. Ideology is the primary driver of a political party's policies and actions.

B. Ideology is secondary to a political party's pragmatism in shaping its policies and actions.

C. Ideology is interchangeable with a political party's pragmatism.

D. Ideology is not relevant in shaping a political party's policies and actions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A constitution is a document that outlines the fundamental principles and rules of a country's government. Discuss the role of a constitution in shaping a country's political system, and provide examples of how different constitutions have been used to promote democracy and human rights.

Correct A. A constitution is a living document that can be amended to reflect changing societal values.

B. A constitution is a static document that cannot be changed.

C. A constitution is a guide for the government, but not a binding document.

D. A constitution is not relevant in shaping a country's political system.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

The concept of separation of powers is a fundamental principle of democracy, where power is divided among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. Discuss the role of separation of powers in promoting democracy and preventing the concentration of power, and provide examples of how different countries have implemented this principle in their governments.

Correct A. Separation of powers is essential for promoting democracy and preventing the concentration of power.

B. Separation of powers is not necessary for promoting democracy.

C. Separation of powers is a relic of the past and no longer relevant in modern governments.

D. Separation of powers is a hindrance to effective governance.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

In a democratic system, what is the primary source of legitimacy for a government?

Correct A. The people

B. The constitution

C. The monarch

D. The military

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

What is the main difference between a direct democracy and a representative democracy?

Correct A. In a direct democracy, citizens make decisions directly, while in a representative democracy, citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them.

B. In a direct democracy, citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them, while in a representative democracy, citizens make decisions directly.

C. In a direct democracy, citizens have more power than in a representative democracy.

D. In a representative democracy, citizens have more power than in a direct democracy.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

What is the concept of separation of powers in a government?

Correct A. The division of power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.

B. The concentration of power in the hands of a single person or group.

C. The idea that one branch of government should have more power than the others.

D. The idea that the government should not have any power.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

What is the purpose of checks and balances in a government?

Correct A. To prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.

B. To allow one branch of government to dominate the others.

C. To eliminate the need for a separate judicial branch.

D. To reduce the power of the executive branch.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

What is the concept of electoral systems and processes?

Correct A. The methods used to elect representatives to a government.

B. The ways in which citizens participate in the decision-making process.

C. The system of government in which citizens elect representatives to make decisions for them.

D. The process of selecting a leader or group of leaders to govern a country.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

The concept of Separation of Powers in Nigeria's Constitution is based on the idea of checks and balances among the three branches of government. Which of the following is a correct example of checks and balances?

A. The President can appoint judges to the Supreme Court.

Correct B. The National Assembly can impeach the President.

C. The President can dissolve the National Assembly.

D. The Judiciary can declare the President's actions unconstitutional.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

The concept of Public Administration in Nigeria is based on the idea of serving the public interest. Which of the following is a correct example of public administration in Nigeria?

A. The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) collecting taxes from citizens.

B. The Nigerian Police Force (NPF) enforcing traffic laws.

Correct C. The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) providing healthcare services.

D. The Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS) issuing passports.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

The concept of Local Government in Nigeria is based on the idea of decentralization. Which of the following is a correct example of local government in Nigeria?

A. The Lagos State Government collecting taxes from citizens.

Correct B. The Ogun State Government providing healthcare services.

C. The Oyo State Government enforcing traffic laws.

D. The Ekiti State Government issuing passports.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

The concept of Foreign Policy in Nigeria is based on the idea of promoting national interests. Which of the following is a correct example of foreign policy in Nigeria?

Correct A. Nigeria's membership in the African Union (AU).

B. Nigeria's participation in the United Nations (UN).

C. Nigeria's trade relations with the European Union (EU).

D. Nigeria's diplomatic relations with the United States (US).

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The concept of Pressure Groups in Nigeria is based on the idea of promoting special interests. Which of the following is a correct example of a pressure group in Nigeria?

Correct A. The Nigerian Labour Congress (NLC).

B. The Nigerian Bar Association (NBA).

C. The Nigerian Medical Association (NMA).

D. The Nigerian Union of Teachers (NUT).

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of legitimacy in government is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, and provide examples of how they are exercised in a democratic system.

Correct A. Legitimacy is the moral right to govern, while authority is the power to enforce laws and decisions.

B. Authority is the source of legitimacy, and legitimacy is the result of authority.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms, and are used to describe the same concept.

D. Legitimacy is the ability to make decisions, while authority is the ability to enforce those decisions.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

A country's foreign policy is shaped by its national interests, values, and goals. Discuss the role of national interests in shaping a country's foreign policy, and provide examples of how national interests have influenced foreign policy decisions.

Correct A. National interests are the primary driver of foreign policy, and are used to justify decisions and actions.

B. National interests are secondary to values and goals, and are only considered in exceptional circumstances.

C. National interests are not a significant factor in shaping foreign policy, and are often ignored in favor of values and goals.

D. National interests are a complex and multifaceted concept, and are influenced by a variety of factors.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of power in government refers to the ability to influence or control the actions of others. Discuss the different forms of power in government, and provide examples of how they are exercised.

Correct A. Power can be exercised through coercion, persuasion, or manipulation.

B. Power is only exercised through coercion, and is used to enforce laws and decisions.

C. Power is only exercised through persuasion, and is used to influence public opinion and behavior.

D. Power is only exercised through manipulation, and is used to deceive or mislead others.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

The system of government in a country is determined by its constitution and laws. Discuss the different types of systems of government, and provide examples of how they are implemented.

Correct A. A democratic system of government is characterized by the rule of law, protection of individual rights, and free and fair elections.

B. An authoritarian system of government is characterized by the concentration of power in the hands of a single individual or group, and the suppression of individual rights and freedoms.

C. A monarchical system of government is characterized by the rule of a king or queen, and is often accompanied by a system of nobility and aristocracy.

D. A theocratic system of government is characterized by the rule of a religious leader or group, and is often accompanied by a system of strict laws and regulations.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of public administration refers to the implementation of policies and programs by government agencies and officials. Discuss the different types of public administration, and provide examples of how they are used.

Correct A. Public administration can be divided into three main types: bureaucratic, democratic, and technocratic.

B. Public administration is only used in developed countries, and is not relevant to developing countries.

C. Public administration is only used in emergency situations, and is not a regular part of government operations.

D. Public administration is a complex and multifaceted concept, and is influenced by a variety of factors.

Correct Answer: A

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