Practice Post UTME LEAD CITY UNIVERSITY government 2018 Past Questions

Question 1

Analyze the concept of constitutional development in Nigeria, focusing on the pre-colonial and colonial periods. How did these periods shape the country's constitutional framework?

Correct A. The pre-colonial period laid the foundation for Nigeria's constitutional development, while the colonial period imposed a foreign framework.

B. The colonial period had a more significant impact on Nigeria's constitutional development than the pre-colonial period.

C. The pre-colonial period was characterized by a decentralized system of governance, while the colonial period introduced a centralized system.

D. The colonial period imposed a constitutional framework that was later modified by the pre-colonial period.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A diagram of a titration setup is shown below. What is the purpose of the burette in this setup?

Correct A. To measure the volume of the titrant

B. To mix the titrant with the analyte

C. To add the analyte to the titrant

D. To measure the pH of the solution

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

The diagram below shows a simple circuit. What is the purpose of the resistor in this circuit?

A. To reduce the voltage in the circuit

B. To increase the current in the circuit

Correct C. To reduce the current in the circuit

D. To increase the voltage in the circuit

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the mitochondria in this cell?

A. To synthesize proteins

B. To store genetic information

Correct C. To generate energy for the cell

D. To regulate cell growth

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5

Analyze the concept of electoral systems and processes in Nigeria, focusing on the 2019 general elections. What were the major challenges faced by the electoral commission during this period?

A. The major challenge faced by the electoral commission was the lack of funding

Correct B. The major challenge faced by the electoral commission was the insecurity in some parts of the country

C. The major challenge faced by the electoral commission was the technical issues with the voting machines

D. The major challenge faced by the electoral commission was the low voter turnout

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6

The concept of rule of law is closely related to the idea of separation of powers. Discuss how the separation of powers in a democratic system ensures that the rule of law is upheld.

Correct A. The separation of powers ensures that no single branch of government has too much power, thereby preventing the abuse of power.

B. The separation of powers ensures that the judiciary has the final say in matters of law, thereby upholding the rule of law.

C. The separation of powers ensures that the executive and legislative branches have equal power, thereby preventing the abuse of power.

D. The separation of powers has no impact on the rule of law.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

In a federal system of government, the power to make laws is divided between the central government and the regional governments. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this system.

A. The advantages of a federal system include the promotion of regional autonomy and the prevention of regional conflicts.

Correct B. The disadvantages of a federal system include the potential for regional inequality and the difficulty of coordinating regional policies.

C. The advantages of a federal system include the promotion of national unity and the prevention of regional conflicts.

D. The disadvantages of a federal system include the potential for regional inequality and the difficulty of coordinating regional policies.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The concept of legitimacy in government refers to the idea that a government has the right to govern because it has the consent of the governed. Discuss the importance of legitimacy in a democratic system.

Correct A. Legitimacy is important in a democratic system because it ensures that the government has the consent of the governed.

B. Legitimacy is not important in a democratic system because it can be used to justify authoritarian rule.

C. Legitimacy is important in a democratic system because it ensures that the government has the power to make laws.

D. Legitimacy is not important in a democratic system because it can be used to justify regional inequality.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

The concept of power in government refers to the ability of a government to make decisions and enforce laws. Discuss the different types of power in a democratic system.

Correct A. The different types of power in a democratic system include legislative, executive, and judicial power.

B. The different types of power in a democratic system include regional, national, and international power.

C. The different types of power in a democratic system include economic, social, and cultural power.

D. The different types of power in a democratic system include military, police, and judicial power.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

The concept of authority in government refers to the right of a government to make decisions and enforce laws. Discuss the different types of authority in a democratic system.

Correct A. The different types of authority in a democratic system include legislative, executive, and judicial authority.

B. The different types of authority in a democratic system include regional, national, and international authority.

C. The different types of authority in a democratic system include economic, social, and cultural authority.

D. The different types of authority in a democratic system include military, police, and judicial authority.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of 'separation of powers' in a democratic system is based on the idea of dividing power among three branches of government. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of this system?

A. Checks and balances

B. Separation of powers

Correct C. Concentration of power

D. Legislative supremacy

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12

In a pre-colonial African society, the concept of 'legitimacy' was often tied to the idea of divine right. Which of the following best describes this concept?

A. The idea that power comes from the people

Correct B. The idea that power comes from a divine source

C. The idea that power comes from a combination of divine and human sources

D. The idea that power comes from a single individual

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

In a democratic system, the concept of 'electoral systems' refers to the process by which citizens choose their representatives. Which of the following is a characteristic of a proportional representation system?

A. Single-member constituencies

B. Multi-member constituencies

Correct C. Proportional representation

D. First-past-the-post

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

In a constitutional democracy, the concept of 'separation of powers' is designed to prevent the concentration of power in any one branch of government. Which of the following is a characteristic of this system?

A. Checks and balances

Correct B. Separation of powers

C. Concentration of power

D. Legislative supremacy

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

In a pre-colonial African society, the concept of 'legitimacy' was often tied to the idea of divine right. Which of the following best describes this concept?

A. The idea that power comes from the people

Correct B. The idea that power comes from a divine source

C. The idea that power comes from a combination of divine and human sources

D. The idea that power comes from a single individual

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16

The concept of legitimacy in public administration is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss how the two concepts are intertwined, using examples from Nigeria's public sector.

A. Legitimacy is the acceptance of authority by the governed, while authority is the power to make decisions.

B. Authority is the source of legitimacy, while legitimacy is the outcome of effective governance.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms in public administration.

Correct D. Legitimacy is the moral justification for authority, while authority is the means to achieve legitimacy.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 17

The United Nations (UN) has been criticized for its inability to prevent humanitarian crises. Discuss the role of the UN in preventing and responding to humanitarian crises, using the example of the Rohingya crisis.

A. The UN has a clear mandate to prevent and respond to humanitarian crises, but lacks the resources to do so.

B. The UN's role in preventing humanitarian crises is limited to providing humanitarian aid.

Correct C. The UN has a responsibility to protect civilians from humanitarian crises, but often fails to do so.

D. The UN's inability to prevent humanitarian crises is due to the lack of international cooperation.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

The concept of power in public administration is often associated with the ability to make decisions. Discuss how power is exercised in Nigeria's public sector, using the example of the Ministry of Finance.

A. Power in public administration is exercised through the hierarchical structure of the bureaucracy.

B. Power is exercised through the use of coercion and force.

Correct C. Power is exercised through the ability to make decisions that affect the lives of citizens.

D. Power is exercised through the use of persuasion and negotiation.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been instrumental in promoting regional integration in West Africa. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting regional integration, using the example of the ECOWAS Trade Liberalization Scheme.

Correct A. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of economic incentives.

B. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of political coercion.

C. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of cultural exchange programs.

D. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of infrastructure development.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The concept of authority in public administration is often associated with the ability to make decisions. Discuss how authority is exercised in Nigeria's public sector, using the example of the National Assembly.

A. Authority in public administration is exercised through the hierarchical structure of the bureaucracy.

B. Authority is exercised through the use of coercion and force.

Correct C. Authority is exercised through the ability to make decisions that affect the lives of citizens.

D. Authority is exercised through the use of persuasion and negotiation.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21

The concept of legitimacy in public administration is often associated with the idea of authority. Discuss how the two concepts are intertwined, using examples from Nigeria's public sector.

A. Legitimacy is the acceptance of authority by the governed, while authority is the power to make decisions.

B. Authority is the source of legitimacy, while legitimacy is the outcome of effective governance.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms in public administration.

Correct D. Legitimacy is the moral justification for authority, while authority is the means to achieve legitimacy.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22

The concept of power in public administration is often associated with the ability to make decisions. Discuss how power is exercised in Nigeria's public sector, using the example of the Ministry of Finance.

A. Power in public administration is exercised through the hierarchical structure of the bureaucracy.

B. Power is exercised through the use of coercion and force.

Correct C. Power is exercised through the ability to make decisions that affect the lives of citizens.

D. Power is exercised through the use of persuasion and negotiation.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has been instrumental in promoting regional integration in West Africa. Discuss the role of ECOWAS in promoting regional integration, using the example of the ECOWAS Trade Liberalization Scheme.

Correct A. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of economic incentives.

B. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of political coercion.

C. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of cultural exchange programs.

D. ECOWAS has been successful in promoting regional integration through the use of infrastructure development.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a product of which of the following constitutional development processes?

Correct A. Constitutional Conference

B. National Assembly

C. Constitutional Amendment

D. Constitutional Review

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of 'checks and balances' in the Nigerian Constitution is primarily aimed at preventing which of the following?

A. Executive Overreach

B. Legislative Overreach

C. Judicial Overreach

Correct D. Executive-Legislative Overreach

Correct Answer: D

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