POST UTME JOSEPH AYO BABALOLA UNIVERSITY 2023 Biology | Objective

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1
A cell is undergoing apoptosis. Which of the following is a characteristic of the resulting cell?
A. Increased cell size
B. Decreased cell size
C. Increased cell membrane permeability
D. Decreased cell membrane permeability
Question 2
In the process of osmoregulation, what is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate the concentration of ions in the blood?
A. Reabsorption of ions in the proximal convoluted tubule
B. Secretion of ions in the distal convoluted tubule
C. Excretion of ions in the collecting duct
D. Regulation of ion channels in the renal tubules
Question 3
The xylem tissue in plants is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. What is the primary function of the tracheids in the xylem?
A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To store water and minerals in the leaves
C. To regulate the amount of water lost through transpiration
D. To absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
Question 4
A diagram of a simple circuit is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'A'.
A. Battery
B. Resistor
C. Switch
D. Ammeter
Question 5
The process of gas exchange in plants occurs primarily in the mesophyll cells of the leaves, where carbon dioxide is absorbed and oxygen is released. What is the primary function of the stomata in this process?
A. To regulate the amount of water lost through transpiration
B. To control the amount of carbon dioxide entering the leaf
C. To release oxygen into the atmosphere
D. To absorb water from the soil
Question 6
A researcher is studying the structure of a DNA molecule. Which of the following is a type of DNA structure?
A. Double helix
B. Single strand
C. RNA
D. DNA-RNA hybrid
Question 7
In a photosynthetic pathway, which of the following pigments is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy in the blue-violet region of the visible spectrum?
A. Chlorophyll a
B. Chlorophyll b
C. Carotenoids
D. Phycobiliproteins
Question 8
A researcher is studying the effects of a new medication on a population of patients. Which of the following is a type of study design?
A. Randomized controlled trial
B. Case-control study
C. Cohort study
D. Cross-sectional study
Question 9
In a population of 1000 individuals, 200 are heterozygous for a particular gene, while 300 are homozygous recessive. What is the frequency of the dominant allele?
A. 0.25
B. 0.3
C. 0.35
D. 0.4
Question 10
In a population of 1000 individuals, 50% are heterozygous for the gene controlling the production of the enzyme lactase. If 20% of the population is lactose intolerant, what is the probability that a randomly selected individual is lactose intolerant and homozygous recessive for the gene?
A. 0.05
B. 0.1
C. 0.2
D. 0.25
Question 11
The process of meiosis results in the production of which of the following?
A. Somatic cells
B. Germ cells
C. Muscle cells
D. Nerve cells
Question 12
In the context of classification of living things, what is the term for the process by which organisms are grouped based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships?
A. Taxonomy
B. Phy\logeny
C. Classification
D. Systematics
Question 13
The process of digestion involves the breakdown of large molecules of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the role of the pancreas in digestion?
A. The pancreas produces enzymes that help break down carbohydrates into simple sugars.
B. The pancreas produces hormones that help regulate blood sugar levels.
C. The pancreas produces enzymes that help break down proteins into amino acids.
D. The pancreas produces enzymes that help break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Question 14
A researcher isolates a new species of bacteria that exhibits antibiotic resis\tance. Which of the following is a likely mechanism of resis\tance?
A. Efflux pumps
B. Enzymatic degradation
C. Target modification
D. Outer membrane modification
Question 15
In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the term for the process by which a species becomes reproductively isolated from other species, leading to the formation of new species?
A. Speciation
B. Adaptation
C. Natural Selection
D. Genetic Drift

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