Practice Post UTME JOSEPH AYO BABALOLA UNIVERSITY biology 2022 Past Questions

Question 1

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.16

B. 0.36

C. 0.64

D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A diagram of the human brain is shown below. Which part of the brain is responsible for proces\sing visual information?

Correct A. Cerebrum

B. Cerebellum

C. Brainstem

D. Spinal Cord

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

In asexual reproduction, what is the term for the process by which a cell divides to produce two daughter cells?

A. Mitosis

B. Meiosis

Correct C. Binary Fission

D. Budding

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for adjusting the size of the pupil?

A. Cornea

Correct B. Iris

C. Lens

D. Retina

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5

In the human body, what is the term for the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment?

Correct A. Homeostasis

B. Regulation

C. Adaptation

D. Acclimatization

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

In the context of classification of living things, which of the following kingdoms is characterized by the presence of cell walls made of chitin?

Correct A. Fungi

B. Protista

C. Bacteria

D. Animalia

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7

A plant root is placed in a solution containing 0.1 M KNO3. If the root absorbs 10 mL of the solution, what is the concentration of K+ ions in the root?

Correct A. 0.01 M

B. 0.1 M

C. 0.5 M

D. 1 M

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8

A diagram of a plant's xylem and phloem is shown below. Which of the following statements is true about the xylem?

Correct A. It transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

B. It transports sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

C. It is responsible for the transport of gases between the roots and the leaves.

D. It is responsible for the transport of nutrients from the soil to the roots.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A person with a rare genetic disorder has a mutation in the gene that codes for a protein involved in the breakdown of a particular amino acid. Which of the following types of genetic variation is most likely to be responsible for this disorder?

Correct A. Point mutation

B. Frameshift mutation

C. Deletion

D. Insertion

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10

A diagram of a human respiratory system is shown below. Which of the following statements is true about the alveoli?

Correct A. They are the sites of gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream.

B. They are the sites of filtration of the blood.

C. They are the sites of absorption of nutrients from the digestive system.

D. They are the sites of excretion of waste products from the body.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

A. 0.36

Correct B. 0.64

C. 0.16

D. 0.04

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

A plant with the genotype 'Rr' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'RR'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'RR'?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.5

C. 0.75

D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'A'.

A. Mitochondria

B. Chloroplast

Correct C. Nucleus

D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14

A diagram of a human eye is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'B'.

A. Cornea

Correct B. Iris

C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

A diagram of a human brain is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'C'.

A. Cerebrum

B. Cerebellum

Correct C. Brainstem

D. Spinal Cord

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining the balance of electrolytes and water in the body?

A. To regulate blood pressure

B. To remove waste products from the blood

Correct C. To maintain the balance of electrolytes and water

D. To regulate body temperature

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?

Correct A. To focus light on the retina

B. To detect light and color

C. To regulate the amount of light entering the eye

D. To produce tears

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

The graph below shows the relationship between the concentration of a solution and the rate of diffusion. What is the name of the process represented by the graph?

A. Osmosis

Correct B. Diffusion

C. Active transport

D. Passive transport

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19

A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'B'?

Correct A. To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

B. To regulate body temperature

C. To produce mucus

D. To detect odors

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

The following equation represents the process of cellular respiration: \( C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP \). What is the byproduct of this reaction?

A. Glu\cose

B. Oxygen

Correct C. Carbon dioxide and water

D. ATP

Correct Answer: C

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Question 21

The process of meiosis in a diploid cell results in the production of four haploid daughter cells. Which of the following stages of meiosis is responsible for the reduction in chromosome number?

A. Prophase I

B. Metaphase I

Correct C. Anaphase I

D. Telophase II

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22

A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population size is 100 bacteria and the population size doubles every 2 hours, what will be the population size after 6 hours?

A. 1600

B. 3200

Correct C. 6400

D. 12800

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23

The diagram below shows the structure of a mitochondrion. Which of the following organelles is responsible for the synthesis of ATP?

A. A

B. B

Correct C. C

D. D

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that a population will be in equilibrium if the following conditions are met. Which of the following conditions is NOT necessary for a population to be in equilibrium?

A. No mutation

B. No gene flow

C. Random mating

Correct D. Cons\tant population size

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25

The diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Which of the following organelles is responsible for the synthesis of proteins?

A. A

B. B

Correct C. C

D. D

Correct Answer: C

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