POST UTME ESUT 2025 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME ESUT exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2025 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1
In the context of tissue classification, what is the primary function of the epithelial tissue?
A. To provide structural support to the body
Correct B. To form the lining of body cavities and organs
C. To produce movement in the body
D. To store energy for the body

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2
A population of a certain species is observed to have a mean height of 1.8 meters with a s\tandard deviation of 0.2 meters. If a random sample of 50 individuals is taken from this population, what is the probability that the sample mean height will be greater than 1.9 meters?
Correct A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
D. 0.9

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
The diagram below shows the structure of a plant cell. Identify the part labeled 'A'.
Correct A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. Chloroplast
D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A certain species of bird has a mean wingspan of 1.5 meters with a s\tandard deviation of 0.1 meters. If a random sample of 20 individuals is taken from this population, what is the probability that the sample mean wingspan will be less than 1.3 meters?
A. 0.25
B. 0.5
C. 0.75
Correct D. 0.9

Correct Answer: D

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Question 5
The diagram below shows the structure of a human eye. Identify the part labeled 'B'.
A. Cornea
Correct B. Iris
C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
In a photosynthetic pathway, which of the following pigments is responsible for absorbing light energy in the red region of the visible spectrum?
Correct A. Chlorophyll a
B. Chlorophyll b
C. Carotenoids
D. Phycobiliproteins

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A population of Drosophila melanogaster is being studied for its response to selection for a particular trait. Which of the following is a characteristic of the population after several generations of selection?
A. Increased genetic variation
Correct B. Decreased genetic variation
C. No change in genetic variation
D. Increased genetic drift

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
A neuron is stimulated by an action potential that travels along its axon. Which of the following is a characteristic of the action potential?
A. The action potential is a graded response
Correct B. The action potential is an all-or-nothing response
C. The action potential is a slow process
D. The action potential is a long-lasting process

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9
A person is experiencing respiratory distress due to a blockage in the airway. Which of the following is a characteristic of the person's respiratory system?
A. Increased tidal volume
Correct B. Decreased tidal volume
C. Increased respiratory rate
D. Decreased respiratory rate

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
A person is experiencing visual impairment due to a defect in the retina. Which of the following is a characteristic of the person's visual system?
Correct A. Decreased visual acuity
B. Increased visual acuity
C. Decreased visual field
D. Increased visual field

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11
In a photosynthetic pathway, which of the following electron carriers is responsible for the transfer of electrons from plastocyanin to the reaction center of photosystem II?
A. Ferredoxin
Correct B. Plastocyanin
C. Cytochrome b6f complex
D. P700

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12
A cell undergoing mitosis has a nuclear envelope that is
A. dissolved
B. intact
Correct C. perforated
D. reformed

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13
The process of diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane is known as
A. active transport
B. passive transport
Correct C. osmosis
D. \endosmosis

Correct Answer: C

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Question 14
The genetic code is a set of rules that translates
A. DNA to RNA
B. RNA to protein
Correct C. DNA to protein
D. RNA to DNA

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15
The process of meiosis results in the production of
A. 4 daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
Correct B. 4 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
C. 2 daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
D. 2 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

Correct Answer: B

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Question 16
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, leading to the release of the chromosomes into the cytoplasm. Which of the following stages of mitosis is characterized by the condensation of chromosomes and the formation of the metaphase plate?
A. Prophase
Correct B. Metaphase
C. Anaphase
D. Telophase

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
The process of meiosis is essential for the production of gametes in sexually reproducing organisms. Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct?
A. Meiosis is a type of mitosis that results in the production of four daughter cells with the same genetic makeup as the parent cell.
B. Meiosis is a type of mitosis that results in the production of four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
C. Meiosis is a type of mitosis that results in the production of four daughter cells with the same genetic makeup as the parent cell, but with a different arrangement of chromosomes.
Correct D. Meiosis is a type of mitosis that results in the production of four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell, and a different arrangement of chromosomes.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18
The process of respiration in eukaryotic cells involves the breakdown of glu\cose to produce ATP. Which of the following stages of respiration is characterized by the transfer of electrons from NADH to the electron transport chain?
A. Glycolysis
B. Pyruvate oxidation
C. Citric acid cycle
Correct D. Electron transport chain

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19
The process of gas exchange in eukaryotic cells involves the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the plasma membrane. Which of the following structures is responsible for gas exchange in eukaryotic cells?
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplasts
Correct C. Plasma membrane
D. Nucleus

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
The process of transport in eukaryotic cells involves the movement of subs\tances across the plasma membrane. Which of the following types of transport is characterized by the movement of subs\tances against their concentration gradient?
A. Passive transport
Correct B. Active transport
C. Osmosis
D. Diffusion

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
In a typical nephron, what is the primary function of the loop of Henle?
Correct A. To reabsorb water and ions
B. To excrete excess ions and water
C. To regulate blood pressure
D. To maintain acid-base balance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
What is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate blood pH?
Correct A. Excretion of excess hydrogen ions
B. Reabsorption of bicarbonate ions
C. Excretion of excess bicarbonate ions
D. Reabsorption of hydrogen ions

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
In the context of gas exchange, what is the primary function of the alveolar-capillary membrane?
Correct A. To facilitate the diffusion of oxygen into the blood
B. To facilitate the diffusion of carbon dioxide out of the blood
C. To regulate blood pressure
D. To maintain acid-base balance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
What is the primary mechanism by which the lungs regulate blood pH?
A. Excretion of excess hydrogen ions
Correct B. Reabsorption of bicarbonate ions
C. Excretion of excess bicarbonate ions
D. Reabsorption of hydrogen ions

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
In the context of tissue structure, what is the primary function of the basement membrane?
A. To provide structural support to the tissue
Correct B. To facilitate the diffusion of nutrients and waste products
C. To regulate blood pressure
D. To maintain acid-base balance

Correct Answer: B

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