POST UTME ESUT 2022 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME ESUT exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2022 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

Practice these randomly selected questions to test your readiness.

Question 1
In the context of blood transport systems, what is the primary function of the erythrocytes?
A. To regulate blood pH
Correct B. To transport oxygen to tissues
C. To remove waste products from the blood
D. To maintain blood pressure

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2
A plant root is placed in a solution containing 0.1 M KCl. If the root absorbs 10 mL of the solution, what is the concentration of K+ ions in the root?
A. 0.01 M
Correct B. 0.1 M
C. 1 M
D. 10 M

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3
A diagram of a plant's xylem is shown below. What is the function of the tracheids in this system?
Correct A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To transport sugars and other organic compounds from the leaves to the rest of the plant
C. To regulate the rate of transpiration
D. To maintain the structural integrity of the plant

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A diagram of a human nervous system is shown below. What is the function of the cerebellum in this system?
A. To regulate the rate of breathing
B. To control the movement of skeletal muscles
Correct C. To maintain balance and posture
D. To process sensory information

Correct Answer: C

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Question 5
A diagram of a human digestive system is shown below. What is the function of the pancreas in this system?
Correct A. To produce digestive enzymes
B. To absorb nutrients from the small intestine
C. To regulate the rate of digestion
D. To maintain the structural integrity of the digestive system

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
In a typical human brain, what is the primary function of the corpus callosum?
Correct A. To connect the two hemispheres of the brain
B. To transmit nerve impulses from the spinal cord to the brain
C. To regulate body temperature
D. To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
A. Respiration
Correct B. Photosynthesis
C. Transpiration
D. Osmosis

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?
Correct A. To focus light on the retina
B. To regulate the amount of light entering the eye
C. To produce tears
D. To detect movement

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9
What is the term for the movement of water from the roots of a plant to the leaves?
Correct A. Transpiration
B. Osmosis
C. Diffusion
D. Active transport

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A diagram of a cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'B'?
A. To synthesize proteins
Correct B. To store genetic information
C. To regulate cell growth
D. To transport nutrients

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11
In a population of 1000 bacteria, 80% are in the exponential growth phase. If the growth rate is 2.5% per hour, how many bacteria will be present after 5 hours?
A. 1000
B. 1200
C. 1400
Correct D. 1600

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12
A 2.5-mL sample of blood is drawn from a patient. The hematocrit is 45%. If the average corpuscular volume (ACV) is 90 fL, what is the total number of red blood cells in the sample?
A. 2.5 x 10^6
B. 5.0 x 10^6
Correct C. 7.5 x 10^6
D. 10.0 x 10^6

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13
A patient has a fungal infection caused by Candida albicans. The organism is identified as a dimorphic fungus, meaning it can exist in both yeast and filamentous forms. Which of the following is a characteristic of the filamentous form of C. albicans?
A. It produces conidia
Correct B. It has a pseudohyphal morpho\logy
C. It is sensitive to amphotericin B
D. It is resis\tant to fluconazole

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A plant has a root system that consists of a taproot and a system of lateral roots. The taproot is responsible for anchoring the plant and absorbing water and minerals from the soil. Which of the following is a characteristic of the lateral root system?
A. It is responsible for absorbing water and minerals
B. It is responsible for anchoring the plant
Correct C. It is a system of fine roots that branch off from the taproot
D. It is a type of root that grows downward into the soil

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15
A cell has a nucleus that is 5 μm in diameter. If the cell is undergoing mitosis, what is the total amount of DNA in the nucleus?
A. 6.54 x 10^-15 g
B. 1.31 x 10^-14 g
Correct C. 2.62 x 10^-14 g
D. 5.24 x 10^-14 g

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the primary mechanism driving the adaptation of populations to changing environments?
Correct A. Natural selection
B. Genetic drift
C. Gene flow
D. Mutation

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17
A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?
A. Trachea
Correct B. Lungs
C. Diaphragm
D. Bronchi

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18
Which of the following kingdoms of organisms is characterized by the presence of cell walls made of chitin?
A. Animalia
Correct B. Fungi
C. Plantae
D. Protista

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
A diagram of the human reproductive system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for the production of sperm?
Correct A. Testes
B. Epididymis
C. Vas deferens
D. Prostate gland

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
Which of the following sense organs is responsible for detecting changes in sound waves?
A. Eye
Correct B. Ear
C. Nose
D. Tongue

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
The process of photosynthesis in plants involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy in the form of glu\cose. Which of the following is a by-product of this process?
Correct A. Oxygen gas
B. Carbon dioxide gas
C. Water vapor
D. Nitrogen gas

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
In the context of eco\logical succession, what is the term for the process by which a community of organisms becomes more complex and diverse over time?
A. Primary succession
Correct B. Secondary succession
C. Eco\logical climax
D. Community stabilization

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23
The human digestive system is a complex process that involves the breakdown of food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Which of the following is a type of digestive enzyme that plays a crucial role in the breakdown of proteins?
A. Amylase
B. Lipase
Correct C. Tryp\sin
D. Lactase

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
The process of respiration in cells involves the breakdown of glu\cose to produce energy in the form of ATP. Which of the following is a by-product of this process?
Correct A. Carbon dioxide gas
B. Water vapor
C. Oxygen gas
D. Nitrogen gas

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
The concept of natural selection, as proposed by Charles Darwin, suggests that populations of organisms will adapt to their environment over time through the process of variation and selection. Which of the following is a key driver of this process?
A. Genetic drift
B. Mutation
C. Gene flow
Correct D. Environmental pressures

Correct Answer: D

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