Practice Post UTME ESUT biology 2020 Past Questions

Question 1

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.36

B. 0.64

C. 0.72

D. 0.88

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the organelle labeled 'X'.

Question 3

In a eukaryotic cell, the process of mitosis is initiated by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, which is triggered by the activation of the protein kinase Cdc28. What is the primary function of the Cdc28 protein in this context?

Correct A. To phosphorylate and activate the cyclin-dep\endent kinases

B. To bind to and inhibit the anaphase-promoting complex

C. To regulate the expression of the histone genes

D. To control the assembly of the spindle fibers

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

A population of Drosophila melanogaster is being studied for its genetic variation. The frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2, and the frequency of the dominant allele 'A' is 0.8. What is the expected frequency of the genotype 'aa' in the next generation?

Correct A. 0.16

B. 0.24

C. 0.32

D. 0.40

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'X'?

A. Site of protein synthesis

B. Site of lipid synthesis

Correct C. Site of starch synthesis

D. Site of cell wall synthesis

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6

A diagram of a human nervous system is shown below. What is the primary function of the structure labeled 'Y'?

A. To transmit sensory information to the brain

B. To transmit motor signals from the brain

C. To regulate the autonomic nervous system

Correct D. To facilitate the release of neurotransmitters

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7

A diagram of a human digestive system is shown below. What is the primary function of the structure labeled 'Z'?

A. To break down proteins into amino acids

Correct B. To break down carbohydrates into simple sugars

C. To break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol

D. To absorb water and electrolytes

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The diagram below represents a cross-section of a plant root. What is the function of the cells labeled 'A'?

Correct A. To absorb water and minerals from the soil

B. To store food produced by photosynthesis

C. To produce hormones that regulate plant growth

D. To support the structure of the plant

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per hour, what will be the population after 5 hours?

A. 1000

B. 2000

C. 4000

Correct D. 8000

Correct Answer: D

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Question 10

The diagram below represents a simple harmonic motion. What is the amplitude of the motion?

Correct A. 1 m

B. 2 m

C. 3 m

D. 4 m

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The table below shows the results of an experiment on the effect of pH on the growth of a microorganism. What is the most likely cause of the observed tr\end?

Correct A. The microorganism is sensitive to pH

B. The microorganism is adapted to a specific pH range

C. The experiment was contaminated

D. The results are due to chance

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

The diagram below represents a simple e\cosystem. What is the role of the decomposers in the e\cosystem?

A. To produce energy for the e\cosystem

Correct B. To recycle nutrients for the e\cosystem

C. To regulate the population of the e\cosystem

D. To maintain the structure of the e\cosystem

Correct Answer: B

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Question 13

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.36

C. 0.16

D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

A plant cell has a vacuole that contains 0.5 M sucrose solution. If the cell membrane is selectively permeable and has a permeability coefficient of 1.5 x 10^-6 cm/s for sucrose, what is the rate of sucrose efflux from the vacuole?

A. 1.5 x 10^-6 cm/s

Correct B. 3.0 x 10^-6 cm/s

C. 4.5 x 10^-6 cm/s

D. 6.0 x 10^-6 cm/s

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15

A 2.0 g sample of a compound is dissolved in 100 mL of water. The solution has a pH of 4.5. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution?

Correct A. 1.0 x 10^-5 M

B. 1.0 x 10^-4 M

C. 1.0 x 10^-3 M

D. 1.0 x 10^-2 M

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

A 50 mL sample of a solution containing 0.5 M glu\cose is diluted to 100 mL. What is the concentration of glu\cose in the final solution?

Correct A. 0.25 M

B. 0.5 M

C. 0.75 M

D. 1.0 M

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

A plant has a photosynthetic rate of 10.0 μmol CO2/s. If the plant is exposed to light for 8 hours, what is the total amount of CO2 fixed?

A. 80.0 μmol

B. 160.0 μmol

Correct C. 240.0 μmol

D. 320.0 μmol

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18

In the context of classification of living things, what is the primary function of the kingdom level?

A. To group organisms based on their cell structure

B. To group organisms based on their body symmetry

C. To group organisms based on their mode of nutrition

Correct D. To group organisms based on their genetic makeup

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?

A. Cornea

B. Iris

Correct C. Retina

D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20

In a forest e\cosystem, what is the primary function of the decomposers?

A. To produce organic compounds from inorganic subs\tances

Correct B. To break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients

C. To synthesize complex molecules from simple subs\tances

D. To absorb and store energy from sunlight

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

A diagram of the human circulatory system is shown below. Which part of the system is responsible for transporting oxygenated blood to the body?

Correct A. Arteries

B. Capillaries

C. Veins

D. Heart

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22

In a desert e\cosystem, what is the primary function of the xerophytes?

A. To produce organic compounds from inorganic subs\tances

Correct B. To conserve water and withs\tand drought

C. To synthesize complex molecules from simple subs\tances

D. To absorb and store energy from sunlight

Correct Answer: B

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Question 23

A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. Which part of the system is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide?

A. Nose

B. Trachea

C. Bronchi

Correct D. Alveoli

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily composed of which of the following groups?

Correct A. Herbivorous insects

B. Fruit-eating bats

C. Small mammals

D. Large carnivorous mammals

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The process of natural selection can lead to the evolution of which of the following traits in a population?

A. Increased size of the population

B. Increased genetic variation

Correct C. Increased fitness of the population

D. Decreased genetic variation

Correct Answer: C

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