POST UTME ELIZADE UNIVERSITY 2021 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
A plant has a xylem sap with a high concentration of solutes. What is the primary function of the xylem sap in this plant?
A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To transport sugars and amino acids from the leaves to the roots
C. To regulate the plant's water potential
D. To provide structural support to the plant
Question 2
The process of excretion in humans involves the removal of waste products from the body through
A. kidneys
B. liver
C. lungs
D. skin
Question 3
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells is called
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Binary Fission
D. Endoreduplication
Question 4
In the human kidney, the nephrons filter the blood to remove waste products and excess ions. What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the nephron?
A. To reabsorb glu\cose and amino acids
B. To filter the blood
C. To regulate blood pressure
D. To produce urine
Question 5
In the xylem, what is the primary function of the tracheids?
A. To transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
B. To store water and nutrients in the plant
C. To facilitate gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere
D. To regulate the plant's water potential
Question 6
In the process of photosynthesis, what is the primary function of the chloroplasts?
A. To generate ATP through the process of cellular respiration
B. To store energy in the form of glycogen
C. To convert light energy into chemical energy
D. To remove waste products from the body
Question 7
The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called
A. Respiration
B. Photosynthesis
C. Transpiration
D. Translocation
Question 8
In the context of reproductive bio\logy, what is the primary function of the zona pellucida in fertilization?
A. To provide structural support to the ovum
B. To promote sperm binding and penetration
C. To regulate the release of the ovum from the ovary
D. To remove waste products from the ovum
Question 9
Which of the following types of respiration is characterized by the breakdown of glu\cose to produce ATP in the presence of oxygen?
A. Aerobic respiration
B. Anaerobic respiration
C. Fermentation
D. Photosynthesis
Question 10
In the human nervous system, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature. What is the primary mechanism by which the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis?
A. Thermoregulation
B. Hormone secretion
C. Neurotransmitter release
D. Electrical impulses
Question 11
The structure that connects the phloem and xylem tissues in a plant is called
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Cortex
D. Pith
Question 12
The structure that produces urine in the human body is called
A. Kidney
B. Liver
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Question 13
The process of cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glu\cose to produce energy in the form of ATP. Which of the following stages of cellular respiration is characterized by the production of ATP?
A. Glycolysis
B. Citric acid cycle
C. Electron transport chain
D. Fermentation
Question 14
What is the primary mechanism by which the nervous system coordinates the body's responses to stimuli?
A. The release of hormones from the \endocrine system
B. The transmission of electrical signals through the nervous system
C. The contraction and relaxation of muscles
D. The exchange of gases between the body and the environment
Question 15
In a freshwater e\cosystem, the primary producers are typically phytoplankton, which undergo photosynthesis to produce glu\cose and oxygen. What is the byproduct of photosynthesis that is released into the atmosphere?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. Water

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