POST UTME CRAWFORD UNIVERSITY 2025 Geography | Objective

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Question 1
The process of soil formation involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller particles through physical and chemical weathering. Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
A. Freeze-thaw action
Correct B. Oxidation of iron-rich rocks
C. Erosion by wind
D. Chemical reaction between rocks and acidic rainwater

Correct Answer: B

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Question 2
The diagram below shows the structure of a soil profile. Which of the following is the correct description of the O horizon?
Correct A. The top layer of the soil profile, rich in organic matter
B. The middle layer of the soil profile, rich in minerals
C. The bottom layer of the soil profile, rich in water
D. The layer of the soil profile that is not affected by weathering

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
The Earth's climate is influenced by the amount of solar energy it receives from the Sun. Which of the following is an example of a climate factor that affects the amount of solar energy received?
Correct A. Latitude
B. Elevation
C. Ocean currents
D. Atmospheric pressure

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
The diagram below shows the water cycle. Which of the following is the correct description of the process of evaporation?
Correct A. The process by which water is heated and turns into vapor
B. The process by which water vapor condenses into liquid water
C. The process by which water is transported from the ground to the atmosphere
D. The process by which water is stored in the ground

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
The diagram below shows the structure of a river delta. Which of the following is the correct description of the process of sedimentation?
Correct A. The process by which sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river
B. The process by which sediment is carried away by a river
C. The process by which sediment is formed through the breakdown of rocks
D. The process by which sediment is transported by wind

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
The Earth's rotation causes the Coriolis effect, which in turn influences the formation of high and low-pressure systems in the atmosphere. What is the primary mechanism by which the Coriolis effect affects atmospheric circulation?
Correct A. Deflection of winds and ocean currents
B. Formation of ocean gyres
C. Influence on global temperature patterns
D. Impact on precipitation patterns

Correct Answer: A

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Question 7
A soil profile consists of the following layers, in order: O, A, B, C, and R. Which of the following statements about these layers is correct?
Correct A. The O layer is the topmost layer and is rich in organic matter
B. The B layer is the middle layer and is characterized by a high concentration of clay minerals
C. The C layer is the bottommost layer and is composed of weathered bedrock
D. The R layer is the topmost layer and is composed of residual soil

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8
A map scale is represented by a ratio of 1:50,000. If a distance on the map is measured to be 2 cm, what is the corresponding distance in real life?
A. 100 m
Correct B. 500 m
C. 1 km
D. 5 km

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9
A company is considering investing in a new project that will require an initial investment of ₦10 million and will generate annual profits of ₦5 million for the next 5 years. What is the net present value (NPV) of the project, assuming a discount rate of 10%?
A. ₦20 million
Correct B. ₦25 million
C. ₦30 million
D. ₦35 million

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
A diagram of the Earth's magnetic field is shown below. What is the name of the region where the magnetic field lines are strongest?
A. The equator
Correct B. The poles
C. The magnetic equator
D. The magnetic poles

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11
The process of weathering that involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments through the action of ice is known as:
A. Mechanical weathering
B. Chemical weathering
Correct C. Freeze-thaw weathering
D. Abrasion

Correct Answer: C

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Question 12
The diagram below shows the relationship between the Earth's distance from the Sun and the amount of solar energy it receives. Which of the following best describes the shape of the curve?
Correct A. Parabolic
B. Linear
C. Exponential
D. Sine

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
The diagram below shows a cross-section of a river delta. Which of the following is a characteristic of the delta?
Correct A. A network of distributaries
B. A single, main distributary
C. A deltaic plain
D. A coastal plain

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14
The equation of a circle is given by ( x^2 + y^2 = 4 ). What is the radius of the circle?
Correct A. 2
B. 4
C. 1
D. 3

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15
The diagram below shows a simple harmonic motion. Which of the following is a characteristic of the motion?
A. The acceleration is constant
B. The velocity is constant
Correct C. The displacement is proportional to time
D. The acceleration is proportional to displacement

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
The formation of laterite soils in Nigeria is primarily due to the intense weathering of rocks in the tropical region. Which of the following processes is NOT a major factor in the formation of laterite soils?
A. Oxidation
B. Hydrolysis
Correct C. Mechanical weathering
D. Chemical weathering

Correct Answer: C

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Question 17
The Niger Delta is a major economic hub in Nigeria due to its rich oil reserves. What is the primary economic activity that takes place in the Niger Delta?
A. Agriculture
B. Mining
Correct C. Oil and gas production
D. Tourism

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18
The Ogun River is a major river in Nigeria that flows through the states of Ogun and Lagos. What is the primary use of the Ogun River?
A. Irrigation
B. Drinking water
C. Industrial use
Correct D. Navigation

Correct Answer: D

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Question 19
The Jos Plateau is a region in Nigeria known for its rich mineral resources. What is the primary mineral resource found in the Jos Plateau?
A. Coal
Correct B. Iron ore
C. Copper
D. Gold

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20
The Benue Trough is a region in Nigeria known for its rich agricultural resources. What is the primary crop grown in the Benue Trough?
A. Maize
B. Rice
C. Cassava
Correct D. Yam

Correct Answer: D

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Question 21
The savannas of Africa are characterized by a specific type of vegetation that is adapted to the region's climate. Which of the following is a key feature of savanna vegetation?
Correct A. Drought-tolerant trees
B. Grasses and shrubs
C. Deciduous forests
D. Tropical rainforests

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
The diagram below shows the Earth's energy balance. Which of the following is a correct statement about the diagram?
A. The Earth receives more energy from the sun than it emits.
B. The Earth emits more energy into space than it receives from the sun.
Correct C. The Earth's energy balance is in equilibrium.
D. The diagram shows the Earth's energy balance during the day.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 23
The diagram below shows a cross-section of a river. Which of the following is a correct statement about the diagram?
A. The river's channel is wider than its banks.
B. The river's banks are steeper than its channel.
Correct C. The river's channel is narrower than its banks.
D. The diagram shows a river's meandering path.

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
The diagram below shows a graph of the Earth's population growth. Which of the following is a correct statement about the graph?
A. The population growth rate is decreasing over time.
Correct B. The population growth rate is increasing over time.
C. The population growth rate is constant over time.
D. The diagram shows the Earth's population decline.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 25
The diagram below shows a map of the Earth's climate zones. Which of the following is a correct statement about the diagram?
Correct A. The climate zones are determined by the Earth's latitude.
B. The climate zones are determined by the Earth's longitude.
C. The climate zones are determined by the Earth's altitude.
D. The diagram shows the Earth's climate zones in the Northern Hemisphere.

Correct Answer: A

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