Practice Post UTME COAL CITY UNIVERSITY biology 2024 Past Questions

Question 1

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

Correct A. 0.64

B. 0.36

C. 0.16

D. 0.04

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a bacterial infection caused by Escherichia coli. The patient's symptoms worsen after being treated with ampicillin. Which of the following is a likely explanation for this observation?

Correct A. The patient has a mutation in the TEM gene that confers resis\tance to ampicillin.

B. The patient has a mutation in the blaTEM gene that confers resis\tance to ampicillin.

C. The patient has a mutation in the ampC gene that confers resis\tance to ampicillin.

D. The patient has a mutation in the OMP gene that confers resis\tance to ampicillin.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3

A 2-year-old child is brought to the emergency room with symptoms of dehydration. The child's urine is concentrated and dark yellow. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this child's symptoms?

Correct A. Diabetes insipidus

B. Diabetes mellitus

C. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

D. Congestive heart failure

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4

A patient is diagnosed with a neuro\logical disorder characterized by muscle weakness, fatigue, and difficulty swallowing. The patient's symptoms worsen after being treated with a medication that inhibits the release of acetylcholine. Which of the following is a likely explanation for this observation?

Correct A. The patient has a mutation in the CHRNA1 gene that confers resis\tance to acetylcholine.

B. The patient has a mutation in the CHRNA2 gene that confers resis\tance to acetylcholine.

C. The patient has a mutation in the CHRNA3 gene that confers resis\tance to acetylcholine.

D. The patient has a mutation in the CHRNA4 gene that confers resis\tance to acetylcholine.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

A 30-year-old woman is brought to the emergency room with symptoms of severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The patient's symptoms worsen after being treated with a medication that inhibits the release of gastrin. Which of the following is a likely explanation for this observation?

Correct A. The patient has a mutation in the GAST gene that confers resis\tance to gastrin.

B. The patient has a mutation in the CHGA gene that confers resis\tance to gastrin.

C. The patient has a mutation in the GCG gene that confers resis\tance to gastrin.

D. The patient has a mutation in the PCSK1 gene that confers resis\tance to gastrin.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

In the context of eco\logical succession, what is the primary factor that determines the rate of succession?

A. Climate

B. Topography

C. Soil quality

Correct D. Species diversity

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7

A population of rabbits is introduced to a new island. Initially, the population grows exponentially, but eventually, it reaches a carrying capacity. What is the primary reason for this decline?

A. Predation

Correct B. Competition for resources

C. Disease

D. Genetic drift

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

A researcher is studying the excretion of urea in the kidneys. What is the primary mechanism by which the kidneys regulate the concentration of urea in the blood?

Correct A. Active transport

B. Passive diffusion

C. Osmosis

D. Filtration

Correct Answer: A

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Question 9

A fossil record shows a gradual change in the morpho\logy of a species over time. What is the primary evidence for this change?

A. Phy\logenetic analysis

Correct B. Fossil succession

C. Geo\logical dating

D. Comparative anatomy

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

A person with a damaged sense organ is unable to perceive certain stimuli. What is the primary reason for this loss of perception?

A. Damage to the sensory receptor

B. Damage to the sensory nerve

C. Damage to the sensory pathway

Correct D. Damage to the sensory organ

Correct Answer: D

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Question 11

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'b' for black body color is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'B'B'?

A. 0.2

Correct B. 0.4

C. 0.6

D. 0.8

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12

A 2.5 L flask contains 1.5 mol of an ideal gas at 27°C. If 1.0 mol of the gas is removed, what is the new pressure of the gas?

A. 1.5 atm

B. 2.0 atm

Correct C. 2.5 atm

D. 3.0 atm

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13

A plant with the genotype 'Rr' is crossed with a plant with the genotype 'RR'. What is the probability that the offspring will have the genotype 'Rr'?

A. 0.25

Correct B. 0.5

C. 0.75

D. 0.9

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14

A 10 kg block is attached to a horizontal, massless spring with a force cons\tant of 100 N/m. If the block is displaced 0.2 m from its equilibrium position and released from rest, what is its maximum speed?

A. 1.0 m/s

B. 1.5 m/s

Correct C. 2.0 m/s

D. 2.5 m/s

Correct Answer: C

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Question 15

A 5 L flask contains 2.5 mol of an ideal gas at 20°C. If the gas is heated to 50°C, what is the new volume of the gas?

A. 3.0 L

B. 4.0 L

Correct C. 5.0 L

D. 6.0 L

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16

In the context of photosynthesis, what is the role of the enzyme RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?

A. It is a key enzyme in the light-dep\endent reactions.

Correct B. It is responsible for the fixation of CO2 into organic compounds.

C. It is involved in the electron transport chain.

D. It is a component of the thylakoid membrane.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17

A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'A'?

Correct A. To focus light on the retina.

B. To regulate the amount of light entering the eye.

C. To detect color.

D. To detect movement.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18

In the context of evolutionary theory, what is the term for the process by which a new species emerges from an existing one?

Correct A. Speciation

B. Adaptation

C. Mutation

D. Genetic drift

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

A diagram of the human digestive system is shown below. What is the function of the part labeled 'B'?

A. To break down proteins into amino acids.

Correct B. To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.

C. To store waste until it is eliminated.

D. To produce digestive enzymes.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 20

In the context of classification of living things, what is the term for the process of grouping organisms based on their physical characteristics?

A. Phy\logeny

Correct B. Taxonomy

C. Phenetics

D. Genetics

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21

In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?

A. 0.36

Correct B. 0.64

C. 0.8

D. 0.16

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22

A 2-year-old child is brought to the pediatrician with symptoms of malabsorption. The child's stool is pale and bulky, and the child has a history of diarrhea. Which of the following enzymes is most likely deficient in this child?

Correct A. Lactase

B. Sucrase

C. Maltase

D. Amylase

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

A 35-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain and vomiting. She has a history of peptic ulcer disease and is taking omeprazole. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her symptoms?

A. Gastric ulcer

Correct B. Duodenal ulcer

C. Gastroesophageal reflux disease

D. Pancreatitis

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24

A 50-year-old man presents to the primary care physician with symptoms of fatigue and weakness. He has a history of hypertension and is taking li\sinopril. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his symptoms?

A. Renal failure

B. Heart failure

C. Hypothyroidism

Correct D. Anemia

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25

A 25-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with severe headache and vomiting. She has a history of migraines and is taking sumatrip\tan. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her symptoms?

Correct A. Migraine

B. Cluster headache

C. Sinusitis

D. Tension headache

Correct Answer: A

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