POST UTME COAL CITY UNIVERSITY 2022 Biology | Objective

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Question 1
In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are heterozygous for the ABO blood group system. If 10% of the population is randomly sampled, what is the probability that at least one individual in the sample is homozygous for the ABO blood group system?
Correct A. \( \frac{1}{10} \)
B. \( \frac{1}{100} \)
C. \( \frac{1}{1000} \)
D. \( \frac{1}{10000} \)

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A 10-mL sample of a 0.5 M solution of NaCl is mixed with 20 mL of distilled water. What is the concentration of the resulting solution?
A. 0.25 M
B. 0.5 M
Correct C. 0.75 M
D. 1.0 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 3
A plant grows in a greenhouse with a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 60%. If the plant requires 10 L of water per day to maintain its growth, how much water will it require if the temperature increases to 30°C and the relative humidity decreases to 40%?
A. 5 L
Correct B. 7.5 L
C. 10 L
D. 12.5 L

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4
A 50-g sample of a mixture containing 20% NaCl and 80% H2O is heated to produce water vapor. If the vapor is collected and condensed, what is the mass of the water vapor collected?
A. 10 g
Correct B. 20 g
C. 30 g
D. 40 g

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5
A 100-mL sample of a 0.1 M solution of CaCl2 is mixed with 200 mL of a 0.2 M solution of NaOH. What is the concentration of the resulting solution?
A. 0.05 M
B. 0.1 M
Correct C. 0.15 M
D. 0.2 M

Correct Answer: C

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Question 6
In the context of cell division, what is the primary function of the spindle fibers during anaphase?
A. Separation of sister chromatids
B. Formation of the nuclear envelope
C. Condensation of chromatin
Correct D. Attachment of chromosomes to the spindle fibers

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7
A population of bacteria is growing in a controlled environment. If the initial population size is 100 and the growth rate is 20% per hour, what will be the population size after 3 hours?
A. 1600
B. 1800
Correct C. 2000
D. 2200

Correct Answer: C

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Question 8
A genetic cross between two pea plants with the following traits: plant A has green pods and plant B has yellow pods. What is the probability that the offspring will have yellow pods?
A. 25%
Correct B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'A'.
Correct A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondria
C. Chloroplast
D. Vacuole

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A diagram of a simple circuit is shown below. Identify the part labeled 'B'.
A. Battery
Correct B. Resistor
C. Capacitor
D. Switch

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11
In a population of 1000 individuals, 70% are homozygous dominant (BB), 20% are heterozygous (Bb), and 10% are homozygous recessive (bb). If a random sample of 50 individuals is taken, what is the probability that the sample will contain at least one homozygous recessive individual?
A. 0.5
B. 0.7
C. 0.9
Correct D. 0.95

Correct Answer: D

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Question 12
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 13
A bacterium is placed in a nutrient-rich medium and allowed to grow. After 24 hours, the population has increased by a factor of 10. If the initial population was 1000 cells, what is the population after 48 hours?
A. 10000
B. 100000
C. 1000000
Correct D. 10000000

Correct Answer: D

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Question 14
A diagram of the human skeletal system is shown below. Which bone is responsible for forming the lower jaw?
A. Skull
Correct B. Mandible
C. Vertebrae
D. Ribcage

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15
A plant is placed in a controlled environment with a cons\tant temperature and humidity. The plant grows at a rate of 2 cm per day for the first 10 days, and then at a rate of 1 cm per day for the next 10 days. What is the total length of the plant after 20 days?
A. 20
B. 30
Correct C. 40
D. 50

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?
A. Random mating
B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
Correct D. No natural selection

Correct Answer: D

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Question 17
In the process of osmoregulation, the kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of electrolytes and water in the body. Which of the following is a mechanism by which the kidneys help to regulate the concentration of ions in the blood?
Correct A. Reabsorption of ions in the proximal convoluted tubule
B. Secretion of ions in the distal convoluted tubule
C. Excretion of ions in the collecting duct
D. Reabsorption of ions in the loop of Henle

Correct Answer: A

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Question 18
The concept of eco\logical niches is crucial in unders\tanding the interactions between organisms and their environment. Which of the following is a characteristic of a competitive exclusion principle?
Correct A. Two or more species competing for the same resource
B. Two or more species occupying the same eco\logical niche
C. Two or more species having different eco\logical niches
D. Two or more species having the same eco\logical niche

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19
The process of speciation is a key aspect of evolutionary bio\logy. Which of the following is a mechanism by which allopatric speciation occurs?
Correct A. Geographic isolation
B. Genetic drift
C. Mutation
D. Gene flow

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
The concept of taxonomy is essential in unders\tanding the classification of living organisms. Which of the following is a characteristic of the kingdom Animalia?
Correct A. Multicellular, eukaryotic organisms with a nervous system
B. Multicellular, eukaryotic organisms without a nervous system
C. Single-celled, prokaryotic organisms
D. Multicellular, prokaryotic organisms

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of cell division that results in the production of four daughter cells, each with the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent cell, is called
Correct A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Binary Fission
D. Endosymbiosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 22
The process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glu\cose is called
Correct A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Transpiration
D. Osmosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
The tissue that connects, supports, and binds other tissues and organs together is called
Correct A. Connective Tissue
B. Epithelial Tissue
C. Muscle Tissue
D. Nervous Tissue

Correct Answer: A

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Question 24
The system of the body that is responsible for the production of urine is called
A. Circulatory System
B. Respiratory System
C. Digestive System
Correct D. Urinary System

Correct Answer: D

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Question 25
The process by which an organism produces offspring without the involvement of gametes is called
Correct A. Asexual Reproduction
B. Sexual Reproduction
C. Binary Fission
D. Budding

Correct Answer: A

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