Practice Post UTME CALEB UNIVERSITY government 2024 Past Questions

Question 1

The concept of legitimacy in political systems is closely related to the idea of authority. Discuss the relationship between legitimacy and authority, and explain how they are distinct from power.

Correct A. Legitimacy is the moral right to govern, while authority is the ability to enforce laws and policies.

B. Authority is the source of power, while legitimacy is the acceptance of that power by the people.

C. Legitimacy is the result of a democratic process, while authority is the result of a coup d'etat.

D. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms, and refer to the same concept.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2

A political party's ideology is a reflection of its core values and beliefs. Discuss the role of ideology in shaping a political party's policies and actions.

A. Ideology determines the party's policies and actions, and is the primary driver of its decision-making process.

Correct B. Ideology influences the party's policies and actions, but is not the primary driver of its decision-making process.

C. Ideology has no impact on the party's policies and actions, and is simply a rhetorical device.

D. Ideology is a secondary consideration, and the party's policies and actions are driven by pragmatism and expediency.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 3

The concept of power is central to the study of politics. Discuss the different types of power, including coercive, legitimate, and soft power.

A. Coercive power is the ability to use force or violence to achieve one's goals, while legitimate power is the ability to make decisions based on a legitimate authority.

Correct B. Soft power is the ability to influence others through attraction and persuasion, rather than coercion or force.

C. Coercive power is the most effective type of power, as it is based on a clear and direct threat.

D. Legitimate power is the most effective type of power, as it is based on a moral and ethical authority.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 4

The concept of rule of law is central to the study of politics. Discuss the importance of the rule of law in maintaining social order and protecting individual rights.

Correct A. The rule of law is essential for maintaining social order, as it provides a clear and predictable framework for behavior.

B. The rule of law is not essential for maintaining social order, as it can be used to oppress and exploit certain groups.

C. The rule of law is primarily concerned with protecting the rights of the powerful and wealthy.

D. The rule of law is primarily concerned with protecting the rights of the marginalized and oppressed.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5

The concept of human rights is central to the study of politics. Discuss the importance of human rights in maintaining social justice and protecting individual dignity.

Correct A. Human rights are essential for maintaining social justice, as they provide a clear and universal framework for protecting individual dignity.

B. Human rights are not essential for maintaining social justice, as they can be used to justify individualism and selfishness.

C. Human rights are primarily concerned with protecting the rights of the powerful and wealthy.

D. Human rights are primarily concerned with protecting the rights of the marginalized and oppressed.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6

The concept of 'checks and balances' in the Nigerian Constitution is primarily aimed at preventing the concentration of power in the hands of one person or institution. Which of the following best describes this concept?

A. Separation of powers

B. Federalism

Correct C. Checks and balances

D. Unitary system

Correct Answer: C

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Question 7

The 1963 Republican Constitution of Nigeria was a significant milestone in the country's constitutional development. Which of the following was a major feature of this constitution?

A. Establishment of a parliamentary system

Correct B. Creation of a federal system of government

C. Introduction of a presidential system

D. Abolition of the office of the Prime Minister

Correct Answer: B

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Question 8

The United Nations (UN) is an international organization that plays a crucial role in promoting peace and security globally. Which of the following is one of the main purposes of the UN?

A. To promote economic development and cooperation

Correct B. To maintain international peace and security

C. To protect human rights and fundamental freedoms

D. To provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9

The concept of 'sovereignty' in international relations refers to the supreme authority and power of a state over its territory and people. Which of the following best describes the principle of sovereignty?

A. The right of a state to intervene in the internal affairs of another state

Correct B. The right of a state to make its own decisions and laws without external interference

C. The right of a state to use force to protect its interests and territory

D. The right of a state to participate in international organizations and agreements

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional economic community that aims to promote economic integration and cooperation among its member states. Which of the following is one of the main goals of ECOWAS?

Correct A. To promote free trade and economic cooperation among member states

B. To establish a common currency and monetary policy

C. To promote peace and security in the region

D. To provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief

Correct Answer: A

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Question 11

The concept of legitimacy in a political system is closely tied to the idea of authority. Explain how the two concepts differ and provide an example of a situation where legitimacy is challenged.

Correct A. Legitimacy refers to the acceptance of authority by the people, while authority refers to the power to make decisions.

B. Legitimacy is the power to make decisions, while authority is the acceptance of those decisions.

C. Legitimacy and authority are interchangeable terms.

D. Legitimacy is the process of gaining power, while authority is the exercise of that power.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12

A political party's ability to win elections is often influenced by its internal structure and decision-making processes. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of a centralized versus decentralized party structure.

Correct A. A centralized party structure allows for more efficient decision-making, but can lead to a lack of representation for minority groups.

B. A decentralized party structure allows for more representation of minority groups, but can lead to inefficiencies in decision-making.

C. A centralized party structure is always more effective than a decentralized one.

D. A decentralized party structure is always more effective than a centralized one.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13

The concept of power in a political system can be understood through the lens of Max Weber's definition. Explain how Weber's definition of power differs from other definitions and provide an example of how it is applied in a real-world scenario.

Correct A. Weber's definition of power emphasizes the ability to impose one's will on others, while other definitions focus on the ability to influence or persuade.

B. Weber's definition of power emphasizes the ability to influence or persuade, while other definitions focus on the ability to impose one's will.

C. Weber's definition of power is the same as other definitions.

D. Weber's definition of power is not relevant to modern political systems.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14

The electoral system in a country can have a significant impact on the outcome of elections. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of a proportional representation system versus a first-past-the-post system.

Correct A. A proportional representation system allows for more representation of minority groups, but can lead to inefficiencies in decision-making.

B. A first-past-the-post system allows for more efficient decision-making, but can lead to a lack of representation for minority groups.

C. A proportional representation system is always more effective than a first-past-the-post system.

D. A first-past-the-post system is always more effective than a proportional representation system.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 15

The concept of authority in a political system can be understood through the lens of Hans Kelsen's definition. Explain how Kelsen's definition of authority differs from other definitions and provide an example of how it is applied in a real-world scenario.

Correct A. Kelsen's definition of authority emphasizes the idea of a 'chain of command', while other definitions focus on the ability to impose one's will.

B. Kelsen's definition of authority emphasizes the idea of a 'chain of command', while other definitions focus on the ability to influence or persuade.

C. Kelsen's definition of authority is the same as other definitions.

D. Kelsen's definition of authority is not relevant to modern political systems.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16

Analyze the impact of the 1963 Republican Convention on the political landscape of Nigeria.

Correct A. The convention marked a significant shift towards regionalism.

B. The convention led to the formation of the Nigerian People's Congress.

C. The convention resulted in the emergence of a new political party.

D. The convention had no significant impact on Nigerian politics.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 17

Using the concept of legitimacy, evaluate the effectiveness of the 1966 coup in Nigeria.

A. The coup was legitimate because it was supported by the majority of Nigerians.

Correct B. The coup was illegitimate because it was carried out by a small group of military officers.

C. The coup was legitimate because it brought an end to the corrupt and ineffective government.

D. The coup was illegitimate because it was not sanctioned by the international community.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 18

Explain the concept of authority and its relationship to power in the context of Nigerian politics.

Correct A. Authority is the legitimate right to make decisions, while power is the ability to enforce those decisions.

B. Authority is the ability to enforce decisions, while power is the legitimate right to make decisions.

C. Authority and power are interchangeable terms in Nigerian politics.

D. Authority and power are not relevant concepts in Nigerian politics.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 19

Using the concept of foreign policy, analyze the impact of Nigeria's membership in the Commonwealth on its international relations.

Correct A. Nigeria's membership in the Commonwealth has led to increased economic cooperation with other member states.

B. Nigeria's membership in the Commonwealth has resulted in increased political influence in Africa.

C. Nigeria's membership in the Commonwealth has led to increased cultural exchange with other member states.

D. Nigeria's membership in the Commonwealth has had no significant impact on its international relations.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20

Explain the concept of constitutional development in Nigeria, highlighting its significance in the country's political history.

Correct A. Constitutional development in Nigeria refers to the process of creating and amending the country's constitution.

B. Constitutional development in Nigeria refers to the process of creating and implementing laws in the country.

C. Constitutional development in Nigeria refers to the process of creating and enforcing policies in the country.

D. Constitutional development in Nigeria has no significance in the country's political history.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21

The concept of legitimacy in public administration is closely related to the idea of

A. Authority

B. Power

Correct C. Legitimacy

D. Accountability

Correct Answer: C

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Question 22

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria provides for the creation of

Correct A. State and Local Governments

B. Federal and State Governments

C. Local Governments and Area Councils

D. State and Area Councils

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23

The concept of power in political science refers to the ability of an individual or group to

A. Influence others

B. Make decisions

C. Exercise authority

Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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Question 24

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria provides for the creation of

Correct A. State and Local Governments

B. Federal and State Governments

C. Local Governments and Area Councils

D. State and Area Councils

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25

The concept of authority in public administration refers to the

A. Right to make decisions

B. Ability to influence others

C. Power to exercise control

Correct D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D

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