POST UTME CALEB UNIVERSITY 2024 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME CALEB UNIVERSITY exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2024 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1
In the context of evolutionary bio\logy, what is the primary mechanism by which genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic variation in a population?
Correct A. Genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic variation through the random sampling of alleles in a population.
B. Genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic variation through the selection of alleles that are more beneficial to the population.
C. Genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic variation through the mutation of alleles that are less beneficial to the population.
D. Genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic variation through the migration of alleles from one population to another.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 2
A diagram of the human eye is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?
Correct A. The structure labeled 'A' is responsible for detecting light and transmitting visual signals to the brain.
B. The structure labeled 'A' is responsible for regulating the amount of light that enters the eye.
C. The structure labeled 'A' is responsible for focu\sing light onto the retina.
D. The structure labeled 'A' is responsible for producing tears to lubricate the eye.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
In the context of reproductive bio\logy, what is the primary function of the corpus luteum in the female reproductive cycle?
Correct A. The corpus luteum produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg.
B. The corpus luteum produces estrogen to stimulate the growth of the follicle.
C. The corpus luteum produces testosterone to stimulate the growth of the sperm.
D. The corpus luteum produces oxytocin to stimulate milk production in the mammary glands.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 4
A diagram of the human respiratory system is shown below. What is the primary function of the structure labeled 'B'?
Correct A. The structure labeled 'B' is responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream.
B. The structure labeled 'B' is responsible for filtering the air that enters the lungs.
C. The structure labeled 'B' is responsible for producing mucus to lubricate the airways.
D. The structure labeled 'B' is responsible for regulating the amount of air that enters the lungs.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 5
In the context of evolutionary bio\logy, what is the primary mechanism by which natural selection can lead to the adaptation of a population to its environment?
Correct A. Natural selection can lead to the adaptation of a population through the selection of alleles that are more beneficial to the population.
B. Natural selection can lead to the adaptation of a population through the mutation of alleles that are less beneficial to the population.
C. Natural selection can lead to the adaptation of a population through the migration of alleles from one population to another.
D. Natural selection can lead to the adaptation of a population through the random sampling of alleles in a population.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 6
The process of meiosis in a diploid organism results in the production of how many haploid cells?
A. 2
Correct B. 4
C. 6
D. 8

Correct Answer: B

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Question 7
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 100 and the population doubles every 2 hours, what is the population after 6 hours?
A. 1000
B. 2000
C. 4000
Correct D. 8000

Correct Answer: D

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Question 8
A genetic cross between two true-breeding organisms results in a 3:1 ratio of offspring with a certain trait. What is the genotype of the parents?
A. BB x bb
Correct B. Bb x Bb
C. BB x Bb
D. bb x bb

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9
A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. What is the function of the structure labeled 'A'?
Correct A. photosynthesis
B. respiration
C. transpiration
D. osmosis

Correct Answer: A

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Question 10
A diagram of a simple harmonic motion is shown below. What is the equation of the displacement as a function of time?
A. ( x(t) = A \sin\( omega t + phi \) )
Correct B. ( x(t) = A \cos\( omega t + phi \) )
C. ( x(t) = A \tan\( omega t + phi \) )
D. ( x(t) = A sec\( omega t + phi \) )

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain cons\tant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences. Which of the following is a necessary condition for the Hardy-Weinberg principle to hold?
A. Random mating
Correct B. No mutation
C. No gene flow
D. No natural selection

Correct Answer: B

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Question 12
A plant has a mutation that causes it to produce a protein that is 20% less efficient than the wild-type protein. If the plant produces 100 units of the wild-type protein, how many units of the mutated protein will it produce?
Correct A. 80
B. 90
C. 100
D. 110

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
A neuron has a resting potential of -70 mV. If it is depolarized to -60 mV, what is the change in potential?
Correct A. 10 mV
B. 20 mV
C. 30 mV
D. 40 mV

Correct Answer: A

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Question 14
A bacterium has a mutation that causes it to produce a protein that is 30% more efficient than the wild-type protein. If the bacterium produces 100 units of the wild-type protein, how many units of the mutated protein will it produce?
A. 100
B. 110
C. 120
Correct D. 130

Correct Answer: D

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Question 15
A plant has a mutation that causes it to produce a protein that is 20% less efficient than the wild-type protein. If the plant produces 100 units of the wild-type protein, how many units of the mutated protein will it produce?
Correct A. 80
B. 90
C. 100
D. 110

Correct Answer: A

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Question 16
In a tropical rainforest, the nutrient cycle is primarily driven by the decomposition of organic matter by which of the following organisms?
A. Fungi
Correct B. Bacteria
C. Protozoa
D. Algae

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
The human body has a unique system that regulates the amount of water in the body. This system is primarily controlled by the
A. Nervous System
B. Circulatory System
Correct C. Endocrine System
D. Digestive System

Correct Answer: C

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Question 18
Photosynthesis occurs in the
A. Roots
B. Stems
Correct C. Leaves
D. Bark

Correct Answer: C

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Question 19
The process of cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glu\cose to produce energy in the form of ATP. This process occurs in the
Correct A. Mitochondria
B. Nucleus
C. Ribosomes
D. Lysosomes

Correct Answer: A

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Question 20
The theory of evolution by natural selection was first proposed by
Correct A. Charles Darwin
B. Gregor M\endel
C. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
D. Alfred Russel Wallace

Correct Answer: A

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Question 21
In a tropical rainforest e\cosystem, the primary consumers are primarily herbivores that feed on the abundant vegetation. However, some primary consumers are known to be carnivorous, feeding on other primary consumers. Which of the following best describes the trophic level of these carnivorous primary consumers?
A. Secondary consumer
Correct B. Tertiary consumer
C. Primary consumer
D. Decomposer

Correct Answer: B

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Question 22
A plant cell has a cell wall composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. Which of the following is the primary function of the cell wall?
Correct A. To provide structural support and protection to the cell
B. To facilitate the movement of subs\tances in and out of the cell
C. To regulate the cell's osmotic balance
D. To synthesize proteins and other biomolecules

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for detecting light and transmitting visual signals to the brain?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 24
A diagram of a human reproductive system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for producing sperm in males?
Correct A. Testes
B. Epididymis
C. Vas deferens
D. Prostate gland

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
A diagram of a cell cycle is shown below. Which of the following stages is characterized by the replication of DNA and the formation of a spindle apparatus?
A. Interphase
Correct B. Prophase
C. Metaphase
D. Telophase

Correct Answer: B

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