POST UTME CALEB UNIVERSITY 2021 Biology | Objective

Are you preparing for POST UTME CALEB UNIVERSITY exams? Reviewing past questions is one of the most effective ways to guarantee a high score. This practice hub features authentic 2021 Biology (Objective) questions designed to simulate the real exam environment.

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Question 1
A study on the genetic variation of a population found that the frequency of the recessive allele is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the dominant allele?
A. 0.1
B. 0.2
Correct C. 0.8
D. 0.9

Correct Answer: C

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Question 2
A diagram of the human circulatory system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for the regulation of blood pressure?
Correct A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D

Correct Answer: A

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Question 3
A study on the growth of a plant found that the rate of growth is directly proportional to the amount of light it receives. If the plant receives 100 units of light, it grows at a rate of 2 cm/h. What is the rate of growth when it receives 200 units of light?
A. 1
B. 2
Correct C. 4
D. 6

Correct Answer: C

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Question 4
A diagram of the human nervous system is shown below. Which of the following structures is responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses?
A. A
Correct B. B
C. C
D. D

Correct Answer: B

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Question 5
A study on the regulation of blood sugar levels found that the pancreas secretes insulin in response to high blood sugar levels. What is the effect of insulin on blood sugar levels?
A. increase
Correct B. decrease
C. no change
D. reverse

Correct Answer: B

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Question 6
The process of natural selection can lead to the evolution of a population's genetic variation. Which of the following is an example of a mechanism that can drive this process?
A. Genetic drift
B. Gene flow
C. Mutation
Correct D. Genetic hitchhiking

Correct Answer: D

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Question 7
The diagram below shows a cross-section of a plant root. Which of the following structures is responsible for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil?
Correct A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D

Correct Answer: A

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Question 8
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body. Which of the following types of neurons is responsible for transmitting signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?
A. Motor neurons
Correct B. Sensory neurons
C. Interneurons
D. Glial cells

Correct Answer: B

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Question 9
The cell cycle consists of several stages, including interphase and mitosis. Which of the following stages is characterized by the replication of DNA?
A. G1 phase
Correct B. S phase
C. G2 phase
D. M phase

Correct Answer: B

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Question 10
The process of meiosis results in the production of gametes, which are haploid cells. Which of the following is a characteristic of meiosis?
A. It results in the production of diploid cells
Correct B. It results in the production of haploid cells
C. It involves the replication of DNA
D. It involves the separation of homo\logous chromosomes

Correct Answer: B

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Question 11
In a population of Drosophila melanogaster, the frequency of the recessive allele 'a' is 0.2. If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype 'AA'?
Correct A. 0.16
B. 0.36
C. 0.64
D. 0.84

Correct Answer: A

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Question 12
A researcher is studying the effect of light on the growth of plants. She uses a controlled experiment with two groups of plants: one group is exposed to light and the other group is kept in darkness. After 7 days, the researcher measures the height of the plants in both groups. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the difference in height between the two groups?
Correct A. The plants in the light group have a higher rate of photosynthesis.
B. The plants in the dark group have a higher rate of respiration.
C. The plants in the light group have a higher rate of transpiration.
D. The plants in the dark group have a higher rate of cell division.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 13
A species of bird has a wing span of 1.5 meters. If the bird flies at a speed of 50 km/h, what is its acceleration?
A. 0.05 m/s^2
Correct B. 0.5 m/s^2
C. 5 m/s^2
D. 50 m/s^2

Correct Answer: B

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Question 14
A population of bacteria is growing exponentially. If the initial population is 1000 and the growth rate is 0.2 per hour, what is the population after 5 hours?
A. 10000
Correct B. 20000
C. 30000
D. 40000

Correct Answer: B

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Question 15
A species of fish has a body temperature of 25°C. If the water temperature is 10°C, what is the rate of heat transfer from the fish to the water?
A. 10 W
B. 20 W
Correct C. 30 W
D. 40 W

Correct Answer: C

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Question 16
In the context of osmoregulation, what is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining electrolyte balance?
A. Excreting excess water
Correct B. Regulating electrolyte levels
C. Maintaining acid-base balance
D. Controlling blood pressure

Correct Answer: B

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Question 17
A researcher is studying the effects of antibiotics on bacterial growth. Which of the following is a characteristic of antibiotic resis\tance?
A. Increased bacterial growth rate
B. Reduced bacterial growth rate
C. Bacterial cells become more susceptible to antibiotics
Correct D. Bacterial cells develop mechanisms to evade antibiotic action

Correct Answer: D

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Question 18
A plant cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of sucrose. What will happen to the cell?
A. The cell will shrink due to water loss
Correct B. The cell will swell due to water uptake
C. The cell will remain unchanged
D. The cell will burst due to osmotic pressure

Correct Answer: B

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Question 19
A diagram of a human eye is shown below. Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
Correct C. Retina
D. Lens

Correct Answer: C

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Question 20
A researcher is studying the effects of pH on enzyme activity. Which of the following is a characteristic of enzyme activity?
A. Enzyme activity increases with increa\sing pH
Correct B. Enzyme activity decreases with increa\sing pH
C. Enzyme activity remains unchanged with pH
D. Enzyme activity is optimal at a pH of 7

Correct Answer: B

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Question 21
The bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common inhabi\tant of the human gut. It plays a crucial role in the digestion of complex carbohydrates. Which of the following is a characteristic of E. coli that allows it to thrive in the human gut?
A. It has a large surface area for absorption.
B. It can produce vitamin K.
C. It can synthesize essential amino acids.
Correct D. It can degrade complex carbohydrates.

Correct Answer: D

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Question 22
The process of osmoregulation in the human body involves the regulation of water and electrolyte balance. Which of the following is a mechanism used by the kidneys to regulate water balance?
Correct A. The kidneys produce antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
B. The kidneys produce aldosterone.
C. The kidneys produce atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).
D. The kidneys produce vasopres\sin.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 23
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting and proces\sing information. Which of the following is a type of neuron that is responsible for transmitting sensory information to the brain?
A. Motor neuron.
Correct B. Sensory neuron.
C. Interneuron.
D. Glial cell.

Correct Answer: B

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Question 24
The circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products. Which of the following is a type of blood vessel that is responsible for transporting oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Correct A. Artery.
B. Vein.
C. Capillary.
D. Venules.

Correct Answer: A

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Question 25
The excretory system is responsible for removing waste products from the body. Which of the following is a type of waste product that is removed by the kidneys?
Correct A. Urea.
B. Creatinine.
C. Sodium.
D. Potassium.

Correct Answer: A

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